结构化方法与面向对象方法的比较分析

:2000211228:(1969),,,:100123857(2001)0220029204,(,710062):,,.:;;;:TP316:A2060,.,,[1,2]30,,.[1,3],10,..1,,.,.1.1,.DFD(DataFlowDiagram),DFD.1.2,,.,,,().,,,.,.1.3(1)292()Vol.29No.220016JournalofShaanxiNormalUniversity(NaturalScienceEdition)Jun.2001,,,.,,.,,;(2),.2(DFD)2(MSD),,,,;(3),,,,.2,:,,.,,,.OOAOOD,CoadYourdonBoochRumbaugh,.,.OOUML(UnifiedModelingLanguage)[46],,.UMLOOAOOD.2.1OOA.:(1)1Fig.1UseCasemodelofthecommunicationofcustomerandseller[7](UseCaseDiagram).(UseCase),.:(Actor),(Use)(Extend),,.1;(2).(ClassDiagram)(ObjectDiagram)(PackageDiagram).30()29,,.,,.,,;(3),,(InteractionDiagram)(StatusDiagram)(ActivityDiagram).,.,2Fig.2StatusdiagramoftrainintheRailwaymodel;,.;,.2,@,.2.2OOAOOD,,,.3Fig.3Fountainmodel(3),OOAOOD,(OOA,OOD).,,,,.:(1);(2).,;(3);(4);(5)(ComponentDiagram);(6)(DeploymentDiagram).OOA,,.OODOOA,.,OO,.,.2.3(1),;(2).,2:31,.OOA,,.,,,.,,,(),,().3,,,.,,,,,.,,,,,.:[1],,.[J].,1999,21(4):2829.[2],,.[M].:,1997.[3],.[M].:,1998.[4],.UML.[J],2000,22(4):5960.[5]TheObjectManagementGroup.doc.no.ad/97208204.UMLSemantics[OL].versions1.1,1September,1997.[6]TheObjectManagementGroup.doc.no.ad/97208205.UMLNotationGuide[OL].version1.1September,1997.[7],.usecase[J].,1999,26(4):7074.StructuredmethodologyandObjected2orientedmethodologyZHANGLi,QIUGuo2yong(CollegeofComputerScience,ShaanxiNormalUniversity,710062Xian,Shaanxi,China)Abstract:ThispaperanatomizestheanalysisanddesignprocessofStructuralmethodandobjected2orientedmethod,discussestheirapplicationsanddisadvantagesandproposesthatstructuralmethodcanalsobeusedwhiledevelopingthelarge-scalesoftwaresystemsinselectingtheobject-orientedmethod.Keywords:software2development;structuredmethodology;objected2orientedmethodology;problemdomain32()29