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12015年12月英语四级真题（卷三）PartIWritingDirections:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteanessaycommentingonthesaying“Nevergoouttheretoseewhathappens,goouttheretomakesomethinghappen”Youcanciteexamplestoillustratetheimportanceofbeingcreativeratherthanmereonlookersinlife.Youshouldwriteatleast120words,nomorethan180words.PartIIIReadingComprehensionSectionAScholarsoftheinformationsocietyaredividedoverwhethersocialinequalitydecreasesorincreasesinaninformation-basedsociety,However,theygenerallyagreewiththeideathatequalityintheinformationsocietyis36differentfromthatofanindustrialsociety.Asinformationprogressesinsociety,thecauseandstructuralnatureofsocialinequalitychangesaswell.Itseemsthattheinformationsociety37thequantityofInformationavailabletothemembersofasocietybyrevolutionizingtheWaysofusingandexchanginginformation.Butsuchaviewisa38analysisbasedonthequantityofinformationsuppliedbyvariousformsofthemassmedia.Adifferent39ispossiblewhentheactualamountofinformation40bytheuseristakenintoaccount.Infact,themoreinformation41throughouttheentiresociety,thewiderthegapbecomesbetween“informationhaves”and“informationhave-nots,”leadingtodigitaldivide.Accordingtorecentstudies,digitaldividehasbeencausedbythreemajor42classy,sex,andgeneration.Intermsofclass,digitaldivideexistsamongdifferenttypesofworkersandbetweentheupperandmiddleclassesandthelowerclass.With43tosex,digitaldivideexistsbetweenmenandwomen.Thegreatestgap,however,isbetweentheNet-generation,44withpersonalcomputersandtheInternet,andtheoldergeneration,45toanindustrialsociety.A)accustomedI)flowsB)acquiredJ)fundamentallyC)assemblyK)InterpretationD)attributeL)passiveE)championsM)regardF)elementsN)respectivelyG)expandsO)superficialH)familiarSectionBJoy：ASubjectSchoolsLackBecomingeducatedshouldnotrequiregivinguppleasure.A)WhenJonathanSwiftproposed，in1729，thatthepeopleofIrelandeattheirchildren，heinsisteditwouldsolvethreeproblemsatonce：feedthehungrymasses，reducethepopulationduringaseveredepression，andstimulatetherestaurantbusiness.Evenasasatire（讽刺）,itseemsdisgustingandshockinginAmericawithitschild-centeredculture.Butactually，thecountryisclosertohisproposalthanyoumightthink.B)Ifyouspendmuchtimewitheducatorsandpolicymakers，you’llhearalotofthefollowingwords：“standards，”“results，”“skills，”“self-control，”“accountability，”andsoon.Ihavevisitedsomeofthenewersupposedly“effective”schools，wherechildrenshoutslogansinordertoleanself-controlormuststandbehindtheirdeskwhentheycan’tsitstill.C)Alookatwhatgoesinmostclassroomsthesedaysmakesitabundantlyclearthatwhenpeoplethinkabouteducation，theyarenotthinkingaboutwhatitfeelsliketobeachild，orwhatmakeschildhoodanimportantandvaluablestageoflifeinitsownright.D)I’mamotherofthree，ateacher，andadevelopmentalpsychologist.SoI’vewatchedalotofchildren-talking，playing，arguing，eating，studying，andbeingyoung.Here’swhatI’vecometo2understand.Thethingthatsetschildrenapartfromadultsisnottheirignorance，northeirlackofskills.It’stheirenormouscapacityforjoy.Thinkofa3-year-oldlostinthepleasuresoffindingoutwhathecanandcannotsinkinthebathtub，a5-year-oldbesideherselfwiththethrillofputtingtogetherstringsofnonsensicalwordswithherbestfriends，oran11-year-oldcompletelyabsorbedinafascinatingcomicstrip.Achild’sabilitytobecomedeeplyabsorbedinsomething，andderiveintensepleasurefromthatabsorption，issomethingadultsspendtherestoftheirlivestryingtoreturnto.E)Afriendtoldmethefollowingstory.Oneday，whenhewenttogethis7-year-oldsonfromsoccerpractice，hiskidgreetedhimwithadowncastfaceandasadvoice.Thecoachhadcriticizedhimfornotfocusingonhissoccerdrills.Thelittleboywalkedoutoftheschoolwithhisheadandshouldershangingdown.Heseemedwrappedinsadness.Butjustbeforehereachedthecardoor，hesuddenlystopped，crouching（蹲伏）downtopeeratsomethingonthesidewalk.Hisfacewentdownlowerandlower，andthen，withcompletejoyhecalledout，“Dad.Comehere.ThisisthestrangestbugI’veeverseen.Ithas，like，amillionlegs.Lookatthis.It’samazing.”Helookedupathisfather，hisfeaturesoverflowingwithallthoselegs.Thisisthecoolestever.”F)Thetraditionalviewofsuchmomentsisthattheyconstituteacharmingbutirrelevantbyproductofyouth——somethingtobepushedasidetomakeroomformoreimportantqualities，likeperseverance（坚持不懈），obligation，andpracticality.Yetmomentslikethisonearejustthekindofintenseabsorptionandpleasureadultsspendtherestoftheirlivesseeking.Humanlivesaregovernedbythedesiretoexperiencejoy.Becomingeducatedshouldnotrequiregivingupjoybutratherleadtofindingjoyinnewkindsofthings：readingnovelsinsteadofplayingwithsmallfigures，conductingexperimentsinsteadofsinkingcupsinthebathtub，anddebatingseriousissuesratherthanstringingtogethernonsensewords，forexample.Insomecases，schoolsshouldhelpchildrenfindnew，moregrown-upwaysofdoingthesamethingsthatareconstantsourcesofjoy：makingart，makingfriends，makingdecisions.G)Buildingonachild’sabilitytofeeljoy，ratherthanpushingitaside，wouldn’tbethathard.Itwouldjustrequireashiftintheeducationworld’smindset（思维模式）.Insteadoftryingtogetchildrentoworkhard，whynotfocusongettingthemtotakepleasureinmeaningful，productiveactivity，likemarkingthings，workingwithot