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WhatisthePassiveVoice?•Onlineshopping______________(welcome)•bymostpeopleduetovariousreasons.iswelcomed英语动词有两种语态：主动语态(theActiveVoice)被动语态(thePassiveVoice)Whatisit?A.主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。B.被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。Weplantedthetree.Thetreewasplantedbyus.Whentouseit?（1）当我们不知道谁是动作的执行者，或没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者时。（2）当我们需要强调动作承受者，而不是动作的执行者。这本词典被保存完好(不需要说明是谁保存的)。这些书是在二十世纪二十年代发现的。（强调书被发现而不是强调由谁发现）Thedictionaryiswellkept.Thesebookwerefoundinthe1920s.theStructureisbe+及物动词的过去分词(be+V.P.P)Wewatchedafilmlastnight.Idrinkmilkeveryday.Afilm_________________________.Milk___________________________.Summary一般现在时am/is/are+done一般过去时was/were+done(p.p)Present/pastsimple(一般现在/过去时)waswatchedbyuslastnightisdrunkbymeeverydaywill/wouldbedone新电脑下周将投入使用。Thenewcomputers_____________nextweek.那位老教授告诉我们他将被邀请开一个讲座。Theoleprofessortoldusthathe__________(invite)togivealecture.Present/pastfuture(一般将来时/过去将来时)willbeusedwouldbeinvitedam/is/arebeingdonewas/werebeingdone中国国家大剧院当时正在建设当中。TheNationalOperaBuilding_____________atthattime.他的自行车正在被修理。Hisbike______________.Present/pastprogressive(现在进行时/过去进行时)wasbeingbuiltisbeingmendedhas/havebeendonehadbeendone这个问题已经得到了圆满的解决。Theproblemhasbeenwellsolved.昨天晚上我到超市的时候，牛奶已经卖完了。ThemilkhadbeensoldoutwhenIgottothesupermarketlastnight.Present/pastperfect(现在完成时/过去完成时)一般现在时:be(am/are/is)+done(过去分词)一般过去时:be(was/were)+done一般将来时:willbe+done过去将来时:wouldbe+done现在进行时:be(am/are/is)+being+done过去进行时:be(was/were)+being+done现在完成时:have/has+been+done过去完成时:had+been+done情态动词的被动语态can/may/should/mustbedone•1.Peopleuseknivesforcuttingthings.•Knives____________forcuttingthings.•2.Thestudentscleanthewindowsoftheirclassroomtwiceamonth.•Thewindowsoftheirclassroom_____________twiceamonth.areusedarecleaned3.Ifoundtheticketonthefloor.________________________onthefloor.4.Itoldhertoreturnthebookintime.She_____________toreturnthebookintime.Theticketwasfoundwastold3.Wefoundtheticketonthefloor.5.Hisdoctormadehimhaveonlytwomealsaday.He___________________________onlytwomealsaday.6.Nowpeoplecanusecomputerstohelpthem.Nowcomputers___________________tohelpthem.wasmadetohavecanbeused7.Didyouplantmanytreesatthistimelastyear?___________________________atthistimelasttime?8.Mustwefinishourworktoday?_______ourwork_____________today?WeremanytreesplantedMustbefinished9.Theforeignfriendsgaveussomewonderfulstamps.1)____________________somewonderfulstamps.2)Somewonderfulstamps_____________________________.Weweregivenweregiventous10.Hecanmendthebikeintwodays.Thebike___________________intwodays.11.Youmusttakethismedicinethreetimesaday.Thismedicine______________________threetimesaday.canbemendedmustbetaken１（１）makesb.dosth.sb.bemadetodosth.MrGreenmadeJimdohishomeworkathome.JimwasmadetodohishomeworkbyMrGreenathome.watchletmakehearseenotice一些特殊结构的被动结构:感觉动词(hear,see等)、使役动词(let,make等)改被动语态时要加上“to”。如：Isawhimfalloffthetree.→Hewasseentofalloffthetree.1．IusuallyhearhersingEnglishsongsinthemorning.Sheinthemorning.isusuallyheardtosingEnglishsongs2．Shemakesherhorseworkallday.Herhorseallday.3.Myfatherallowedmetogooutforapicnic.Ioutforapicnic.ismadetoworkwasallowedtogo(2)seesb.doingsth.sb.beseendoingsth.Isawhimplayingfootballatthatmoment.Hewasseenplayingfootballatthatmoment.hear/watch/keep•三，带有双宾语的主动语态变被动语态时,直接或间接宾语都可做主语,注意间接宾语前加to或for.•Mymotherboughtmeanewbike.•=Iwasboughtanewbikebymymother.•=Anewbikewasboughtformebymymother.•JackhasgivenTomabook.•=AbookhasbeengiventoTombyJack.•=TomhasbeengivenabookbyJack.变为被动语态：．Wegavehimsomebooks.→He.→Somebooks.wasgivensomebooks(byus)weregiventohim(byus)3.注意:约翰打开了收音机。Johnturnedontheradio.Theradiowasturnedon.奶奶照看我姐姐。Grandmatakescareofmysister.MysisteristakencareofbyGrandma.注：动词短语变被动语态时,千万不要遗漏介词或副词。Wemustspeaktooldpeoplepolitely.Oldpeoplemustbespokentopolitely.动词短语的被动语态takecareof→betakencareofcutdown→becutdownlaughat→belaughedatlookafter→belookedafterTheysaidthathewouldcomebacksoon.Itwassaidthathewouldcomebacksoon.4.常用被动语态的句型有：Itisreported/believed/supposedthat......人们认为hoped/据报道•据报道在事故中没有乘客受伤。•Itisreportedthatnopassengerswereinjuredintheaccident.•人们普遍认为男孩子必女孩子更擅长理科。•It’sgenerallybelievedthatboysarebetteratsciencethangirls.1).不及物动词没有被动语态。如：belong,happen,takeplace,last,cometrue,remain,succeed,fall,die,arrive,,breakout,appear,last,start等。*Greatchangeshavetakenplaceinthiscity.*Thatbikedoesn’tbelongtoMike.2)表示静态的及物动词不用被动语态have/fitIhaveaTVset.Thecoatfitsmewell.3）祈使句一般没有被动语态。【正】Lookattheblackboard，please．【误】Theblackboardislookedatbyyou．4.系动词没有被动语态和进行时态这鱼味道很好。这条围巾摸上去很软。Thefishtastesgood.Thescarffeelssoft.4.某些动词表主语的性质时是不及物动词，不用被动语态。这书很好卖。这种布很好洗。Thebooksellswell.Thiskindofclothwashesverywell.这书卖完了。Thebookissoldout.这块表需要修理一下。Thewatchneedsmending.=Thewatchneedstobemended.want/require/needdoing=want/require/needtoberequired1．Aneighbourhelpedtokeepourdog.Itwhilewewereonholiday.A.wastakencareB.tookcareofC.istakencareofD.wastakencareof2.AttheendofthemeetingMissGreentwominutestodecidewhethersheshouldjointheprojectornot.(2004)A.gaveB.hadgivenC.wasgivenD.wasgivingDc二、请把下面句子改为被动语态1.TheyshowedJackcarefullyhowtouseit.→Jackcarefullyhowtouseit.2.Theywillholdthe31thOlympicGamesinBrazilin2016.→The3