陆上地震采集技术新进展

8320116CHINESEJOURNALOFENGINEERINGGEOPHYSICSVol8,No3Jun,2011文章编号:16727940(2011)03028908doi:10.3969/j.issn.1672-7940.2011.03.007姚盛(,210014):(1976-),,E-mail:[e-mail]:,,,,(),,,,()OBCOBN,:;;;:P631:A:2011-04-18TheTechnicalProgressofSeismicDataAcquisitionOnshoreYaoSheng(SinopecGeophysicalResearchInstitute,Nanjing210014,China)Abstract:Inrecentyears,therehasbeenanewtechnicalprogressmarkedbyvibroseisacquisition,simultaneousmultisourceseism,wirelessacquisitionsystem,highdensityseism,randomsparsesampling,whichimprovestheoperatingefficiencyanddataqualityofseismicacquisition,andensureshighsignaltonoiseratio,highresolutionandhighfidelityofseismicdataanditssubsequentprocessing.Thepaperintroducesthedevelopmentstatusandtrendofvibroseistechnology,wirelessacquisitionsystemandsimultaneousmultisourcetechnology.Italsopresentssomecommonlyusedmethodsandtechnologiessuchassimulationtechniquesbeforeacquisition(localilluminationanalysis,amplitudeanalysis,etc.),analysisandimprovementofshootingandreceivingconditions,simulationofseismicacquisitionfootprint,eliminationofacquisitioneffect,thespecialcircumstancesacquisitionoffoothillbelt,desertandoffshorearea.However,somenewtechnologies,suchassparsesampling(acquisitionthatitsrandomandcompressionsamplingsbreakthroughrequirementsofthesamplingtheoreminspatialandtimedomains),fiberoptictransmission,OBC,OBN,etc.,arenotinvolved.Keywords:seismicdataacquisition;vibroseisacquisition;wirelessacquisitionsystem;simultaneousmultisourcetechnology(ChineseJournalofEngineeringGeophysics)81,,,,,,,:24;MEMS;;;;;;;;;;GPS,;;,,,,,2:,,;;,;,,:(FlipFlopSweep,FFS)(SlipSweep,SS);(SingleVibratorAcquisition,V1)[1](IndependentSimultaneousSweeping,ISS)[2](DistanceSeparatedSimultaneousSweeping,DSSSDS3)(HighFidelityVibratorySeismic,HFVS)[3](SimultaneousPseudorandomSweepTechnology,SPST),,DSSS,,,(),N(N),,68,,,1[4],,,50m,50m,17s,16s,5s,4s,6s表1可控震源采集方法效率对比Table1Efficiencycomparisonofvariousvibroseisacquisitionmethods/h83FFS171SS(10s)360V1(6s)600ISS(3,4)996DSSS(2)720HFVS(1,4)135HFVS+FFS(4)171WesternGecoT.Dean(1)[5],(/),32s1~4,4s(),,,2~4,()DS32903:图1各种可控震源采集方法的生产效率与采集质量的关系Fig.1Relationsbetweenproductionandacquisitionqualityofvariousvibroseisacquisitionmethods,23,,,ISS,,,ISS,,DS33HSE,,,,,,,,A/D,,,,,,,,(),,,,(WGN)WGN(WG),WGWG,2WGN[6](WGG),WGG,,WGG(,UWB);,WGG(WiFiWiMax),WGWGG,OYOGeospaceJackCaldwell,114[7](2)11,4,,,,,,291(ChineseJournalofEngineeringGeophysics)8图2支持短远程传输的分层WGN架构的模型Fig.2ModelsofWGNframesofsupportingshortorlongdistancetransmission表2无线采集系统的使用评价Table2EvaluationonwirelessacquisitionsystemApacheBPLibyaBPPapuaViking12,3,45678910HSE11!,!1NookNookNookNook2NookNookNook3Nook4NookNookNook!,;!4,,,,,,,,GPS,,,,,(),;,,;2923:图3炮分离前后的共偏移距道集Fig.3Commonoffsetgatherbeforeandaftershot,,,201020000201045000,,[8],,,,,,,!(),[9],,,,2010,WesternGeco5(),,[10],,3km,1.2s,,(3),(),,,,,,,,,,,SchlumbergerC.Bagaini,5AGC,,,,:,[12,13],;293(ChineseJournalofEngineeringGeophysics)8图4抖动采集模拟结果Fig.4Simulationresultofditheringacquisition图5常规资料和抖动源资料的叠加剖面的对比Fig.5Comparisonofstacksectionbetweenconventionalsourcedataandditheringsourcedata图6ESSFWI方法处理同时源资料Fig.6SimultaneoussourcedataprocessingbyESSFWImethod[14~16],StanfordTangGaussNewtonHessian,,(FWI),FWI[17]2Ns,Ns(Nr+1)NsNrMarmousi2,(ESSFWI)FWI(6)(LSM),,[18]7Marmous4000~9000m,100mBorn2943:图7Marmous模型的反射系数场Fig.7ReflectionfieldofMarmousmodel51,4000~9000m,10m,,518(LSI),,,(LSI),,,LSM:,LSMDaiJ.SchusterLSM,20,SEG/EAGE2030LSMLSM,UtahNaoshiAoki[19]LSM,图8超道集的偏移成像数据空间最小平方反演的结果比较Fig.8Comparisononthemigrationofsupergathersandtheresultofleastsquareinversionindataspace5,,,,,,,,,,,,,,295(ChineseJournalofEngineeringGeophysics)8:[1]DaveHowe,MarkFoster,TonyAllen,etal.Independentsimultaneoussweepingamethodtoincreasetheproductivityoflandseismiccrews[A].78thAnnualInternatSEGMtg[C].2008:2826~2830.[2]JackBouska.Distanceseparatedsimultaneoussweeping:efficient3DvibroseisacquisitioninOman[A].79thAnnualInternatSEGMtg[C].2009:1~5.[3]JohnJSallas,JohnBGibson,ForestLin.Broadbandvibroseisusingsimultaneouspseudorandomsweeps[A].78thAnnualInternatSEGMtg[C].2008:100~104.[4],,.[J].,2010,20(2):106~109.[5]TDean,PKristiansen,PLVermeer.HighProductivitywithoutCompromiseTheRelationshipbetweenProductivityQualityandVibroseisGroupSize[A].ExpandedAbstractsof72ndEAGEConference&Exhibition[C].2010,B009.[6]StefanoSavazzi,UmbertoSpagnolini.Wirelessgeophonenetworksforhighdensitylandacquisition:Technologiesandfuturepotential[J].TheLeadingEdge,2008,27(7):882~886.[7]JackCaldwell.Wirelessseismicsystems[A].80thAnnualInternatSEGMtg[C].2010:3834~3837.[8]PeterIPecholcs,StephenKLafon,TurkiAlGhamdi.Over40,000vibratorpointsperdaywithrealtimequalitycontrol:opportunitiesandchallenges[A].80thAnnualInternatSEGMtg[C].2010:111~115.[9]AJBerkhout,GBlacquire.Fromsimultaneousshootingtoblendedacquisition[A].78thAnnualInternatSEGMtg[C].2008:2831~2838.[10]IMoore.SimultaneousSourcesProcessingandApplications[A].ExpandedAbstractsof72ndEAGEConference&Exhibition[C].2010,B001.[11]CBagaini.KeepingtheDataQualityofHighProductivityVibroseisAcquisitionsUnderControl[A].ExpandedAbst