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日本婚俗文化杨俊鹏鄢记勋Japan'slegalageofmarriage,male18yearsold,female16yearsold日本法定结婚年龄，男18岁，女16岁Brideinformalwearpurewhiteweddingwithtype,calledpurewhite,asasymbolofpurity,whiteisthesymbolofthebeginningofanewlife,butalsomeanstheendoftheoriginallife.新娘在婚礼上穿的纯白和式大礼服，名叫“白无垢”，象征着纯洁无暇，白色既是新生活的开始的象征，同时也意味着原有生活的结束。Thebride'shairshouldberolledupwithshellcombsbeamtolive,butalsoputonahatcalledtheAngleofaddictiontocover,coveredgesmeaning,新娘的头发应该挽起来，用龟壳梳子束住，还要戴上一顶称为“角瘾”的帽子盖住发，有“盖住棱角”之意，Themarriageshouldbeconvergencehistemper,doagoodwifeandadevotedmother.婚后应该收敛脾气，做一个贤妻良母。Atthewedding,abridewillchangeseveralsetsofclothes.Isanoffwhitedress,wearingembroideredwithauspiciouspatterns(likecranes,flowers,etc.),gorgeousdress,colorisgold,silver,redthreecolor.在婚礼上，新娘子还要换好几套衣服。一次是脱掉白色礼服，换上绣有吉祥图案(像仙鹤，花朵等)的华丽礼服，颜色为金，银，红三色。然后还要换上另一套深色，未婚少女穿的和服，这是新娘最后一次穿这种式样的和服了，作为她纯真少女时代的结束。Thenchangeintoanothersetofdark,unmarriedgirlswearkimono,thisisthelasttimethebridetowearthisstyleofkimono,puregirlhoodasshecametoanend.Thegroomwearblackkimono,thestripesundertheplaitskirt.着斑纹褶裙。新郎要穿黑色和服，下寓意丰富的婚宴MeaningfulweddingInatraditionalJapaneseweddingbanquet,eachkindoffoodonthetablerepresentsagoodwishfororonbehalfofthehappiness,rich,ormeanslongevity,manychildren,etc.在传统的日本婚宴上，桌上的每一种食品都代表一个美好的祝愿或代表幸福，富裕，或意味长寿，多子孙等。比如，鱼头和鱼尾都被向上卷起，整条鱼围成一个圆圈，象征夫妻永不分离。Forexample,thefishheadandtailwererolledup,wholefishroundintoacircle,asymbolofhusbandandwifewillneverbeseparated.龙虾在婚宴上也很常见，因为龙虾的深红色代表好运气。至于餐后甜点，新娘可能会选择用甜黏米做成的黏米圆来招待客人。Lobsterattheweddingbanquetisalsoverycommon,becauseofthedeepredrepresentsgoodluck.Asfordessert,thebridemayopttousesweetglutinousriceglutinousricemadeofroundtoentertaintheguests.日本人的婚礼方式也很多，主要有神前式、人前式、家庭式、佛前式、教堂式。TheJapanesewayofweddingisverymuchalso,themaintype,fronttypebeforegod,familytype,type,cathedralbeforeBuddha.Japan'swedding-typebeforegod日本婚礼－神前式InatraditionalJapanese,peopleworshipTaoistceremonyexistsinthenatureofthegods.在举行婚礼时，神职人员祈求神灵保佑新婚夫妻。在传统的日本道教仪式上人们供奉存在于自然界的神灵。Atthewedding,clergy,prayforgodstoblessthenewlyweds.remonywasheldonthefirstwedgewaterwashthebodyandmind.Officialoffermessagetogodfromgodagain.仪式上先举行“修楔式”用水洗净身心。再由神官向神献上祝词。Thendrinkwine,namelytheweddingpeoplesharinginthreeflatglassofricewine.然后“共饮青酒”，即参加婚礼的人共同分享盛在三只扁平杯子中的米酒。Thethreecupsfromdowntoupinturnputmule,groompickedupthefirstcup,sipthreewine,andthentothebride,thebridealsosipthreeconsecutivewine,thenwineglassesinturnpassedontootherfriendsandrelatives.这三个杯子从下往上依次骡放，新郎拿起第一个杯子，啜三口酒，然后传给新娘，新娘也连续啜饮三口酒，再将酒杯依次传给其他亲友。Finallytwopeopleoffertogodjadeseries(wrappedinpaperhangingandkapoktreebranches),prayformaritalhappiness.Friendsandfamilyatoasttoasteachother.然后再开始喝第二杯和第三杯酒。Andthenhebegantodrinkthesecondandthethirdglassofwine.最后两人向神献上“玉串”（缠着纸垂和木棉的树枝），祈求婚后幸福。亲友举杯互敬Frontoftype主要是在城市，人前结婚式就是在宾馆、饭店举行的结婚仪式。Isprimarilyincities,peopleget新郎新娘在双方保证人随同下，来到结婚登记处，填写登记表，签字盖章，获取法律上的承认。人前式marriedintheguesthouse,thehotelfortheweddingceremony.Alongwiththebrideandgroomintheguarantor,cametothemarriageregistrationoffice,fillouttheregistrationform,signedandsealed,obtainlegalrecognition.Subsequenttothemenandwomenbothpartiesoftherelatives,friends,colleaguessentouttheinvitations.Weddingthegroomtomother-in-lawofferedflowers,brideflowersforyourmother-in-law,thankthemraisedtheirpartners,andremembertheirkindness随后向男女双方的亲戚、朋友、同事发出请帖。婚礼上新郎要向岳母献鲜花，新娘向婆婆献鲜花，感谢她们抚养了自己的爱人，并铭记她们的恩情Endofthewedding,thebrideandgroomtosaygoodbyetohisparents,isthankstothechildren,parentsaretold.Marriagemeansformedhisownfamily,meansthatsomelevelofseparation.结婚意味着组建了自己的家庭，婚礼快要结束时，新郎新娘还要向自己的父母告别，儿女方面是感谢，父母方面则是叮嘱。意味着某种程度的别离Guestswillalsoreceiveinreturn,thegeneralisasetofcosmetics,asetofteaandabagofcandysnacks.来宾还会得到回礼，一般是一套化妆品、一套茶具和一包糖果点心。FamilyceremonyThebridehomedoors,willsweepoffherfootprint,orbreakabowlinthedoorway,hopeafterthebridetothegroom'sfamilyhappyhappylife,nevertoreturnhome.家庭式Inthiswayismainlyruralplaces.主要是乡村地方采用这种方式。新娘离开娘家大门时，要将她的足迹扫掉，或者在门口摔碎一个茶碗，希望新娘到新郎家之后生活美满，永不返回娘家。BecausethefamilyisnotharmoniousinJapanranbacktohermaidenisashamefulthing.Afterthegroomontheirdoorstepforthebride,twopeopletoworshipofwater,vulcan,andkitchen在日本因为家庭不和睦跑回自己的娘家是很丢人的事。新郎在自己家门口迎来新娘后，两人要拜水神、火神和灶神BeforeBuddhaceremonyWeddingreadmarriagemenandwomenbothpartiesbeforetheBuddha,andreporttotheancestorsmarriedonehundredyearsgood,twopeopletogetherforlife.佛前式婚礼上男女双方在佛像面前宣读婚约，向祖先报告两人结为百年之好，相守一生。Whichalsocalledaverticalpaper,whitepapercutintothin,thinpieceofpaper,thenputhimonthebranch,meansthatthedeceasedlovedonessoulback,keeppeaceforever!其中还把一种叫做“纸垂”的白色纸剪成又细又薄的纸条，然后把他缠在树枝上，意味着把已故的亲人的魂找回来，永保平安！ThechurchceremonyChurchserviceisalsocalledtheChristiantypeisimitationChristianweddingceremonyheldtheweddingceremony.教堂式又称基督教式是模仿基督教徒的结婚仪式而举行的结婚典礼。And,ofcourse,isnotreallyinachurch,butbuiltachurchfortheweddingceremonyheldinthestyleofarchitecture,kimonocostsmorethantheweddingdress,weddingdressisveryfashionableandgorgeous.当然，不是在真正的教堂举行，而是为了举行婚礼仪式而建造的教堂风格的建筑中举行，和服的费用比婚纱更多，婚纱也非常新潮且华丽。WasalsoworshiptowesternandJapanese,sotheweddingformisacceptedbythepublic而且日本人对西方也很崇拜，所以这种婚礼形式被大众普遍接受谢谢观赏岳海霞宋依琳鄢记熏刘静肖任