When-you-are-old-济慈诗歌欣赏

Whenyouareold------WilliamButlerYeats-12090414潘丹丹WilliamButlerYeatsYeatswasanIrishpoetandplaywright.HewasthegreatestlyricpoetIrelandhasproducedandoneofthemajorfiguresof20th-centuryliterature,theacknowledgedleaderoftheIrishliteraryrenaissance.Yeats’earlypoetrywasundertheinfluenceoftheromanticpoets,buthisIrishthemeandhisspecialuseoflanguagesoonshowedhimtobeapoetofdistinction.WilliamButlerYeatsIn1923,hewasawardedtheNobelPrizeinLiteratureforwhattheNobelCommitteedescribedasinspiredpoetry,whichinahighlyartisticformgivesexpressiontothespiritofawholenation.HewasthefirstIrishmansohonored.Yeatsisalsoadramatist,writingverseplaysinmostofthecases.Hewroteabout20playsaltogetherfrom1892to1939.TheplaywasagreatinspirationtotheIrishnationalistswhowerefightingagainsttheEnglishgovernmentfortheirownfreedomandindependence.MajorWorksTheCountessCathleen(1892)《凯丝琳女伯爵》------aplay-TheEarlyRomanticPeriod’sPoems:Crossway(1899)《十字路口》TheWindAmongtheReeds(1899)《苇间风》TheRose(1893)-ThePeriodofTransition’sPoems:IntheSevenWoods(1904)《七重林中》TheGreatHelmetandOtherPoems(1910)《绿盔及其他诗作》TheWildSwansatCoole(1919)《库利的野天鹅》MichaelRobartesandtheDancer(1921)《迈可·罗拔兹与舞者》-TheGreatPeriod’sPoems:TheTower(1928)《塔楼》TheWindingStairandOtherPoems(1933)《回梯与其他诗作》WhenyouareoldWhenyouareoldandgreyandfullofsleep,Andnoddingbythefire,takedownthisbook,Andslowlyread,anddreamofthesoftlook，Youreyeshadonce,andoftheirshadowsdeep;Howmanylovedyourmomentsofgladgrace,Andlovedyourbeautywithlovefalseortrue,ButonemanlovedthepilgrimSoulinyou,Andlovedthesorrowsofyourchangingface;Andbendingdownbesidetheglowingbars,Murmur,alittlesadly,howLovefledAndpaceduponthemountainsoverheadAndhidhisfaceamidacrowdofstars.当你老了（冰心译）当你老了，头发花白，睡意沉沉，倦坐在炉边，取下这本书来，慢慢读着，追梦当年的眼神，那柔美的神采与深幽的晕影。多少人爱过你青春的片影，爱过你的美貌，以虚伪或是真情，惟独一人爱你那朝圣者的心，爱你哀戚的脸上岁月的留痕。在炉栅边，你弯下了腰，低语着，带着浅浅的伤感，爱情是怎样逝去，又怎样步上群山，怎样在繁星之间藏住了脸。BackgroundThispoemwaswrittenin1897byYeats.ThepoetdeclaredloveforMaudGonnemanytimes,buthenevergetherresponse.SoYeatswrotethispoemtoimagineshecouldrealizethatheistheonewholovesherforeverwhenthewomanreadthispoembychancemanyyearslater.MaudGonneIn1889,YeatsmetMaudGonne,a23-year-oldheiressandardentNationalist,whowastohaunthimfortherestofhislife.Shehadasignificantandlastingeffectonhispoetryandhislifethereafter.Sheinspirednotonlyhispoeticcreationbutalsohispatrioticfeelingstowardsthenationalistmovement.In1891,hevisitedGonneinIrelandandproposedmarriage,butwasrejected.YeatsproposedtoGonnethreemoretimes:in1899,1900and1901,buteverytimehewasrefused.AnalysisWhenyouareoldandgreyandfullofsleep,Andnoddingbythefire,takedownthisbook.Andslowlyread,anddreamofthesoftlook,Youreyeshadonce,andoftheirshadowdeep.ImaginationThepoetimagineapictureinwhichanoldladyreadabookbyaccident,andshewasdeeplyimmersedinthethememoriesofthepast.AnalysisHowmanylovedyourmomentsofgladgrace,Andloveyourbeautywithlovefalseortrue.Butonemanlovethepilgrimsoulinyou,Andlovedthesorrowofyourchangingface.ContrastContrastbetweenanattractiveyounggirlandanoldladyContrastbetweenotherpeople’sloveandtheport's.ContrastbetweenrealityandimaginationAnalysisAndbendingdownbesidetheglowingbars,Murmur,alittlesadly,howlovefledAndpaleduponthemountainsoverhead,Andhidhisfaceamidacrowdofstars.Useofsymbols“fire”symbolized“warm”.“mountain”symbolizedtough,sublimation“stars”symbolizedforeverEmphasisTherepetitionoffireFireissowarm,butthepoetfeltdespairforhislove.MyComments•TheTragicBeauty“WhenYouAreOld”ismainlybasedonimagination.Itstartswithalovelyandwarmpictureofanoldlady:whenyouareold,mylady,andyourhairhaveturnedgrey,youwillbenoddingbythefire,fullofsleep.Thespeakerimaginesoneday,whenhisbelovedyoungladyisold,shewillbereadingthispoemandfeeltheyouthofherselfagain.Thesecondstanzaisacontrastbetweenotheradmirersandthespeaker:howmanyofyouradmirersloveyouisonlybecauseofyourbeautyandyouthwhenyouaregracefulandelegant?Nevertheless,thereisonlyonemanwholovesyournoblesoulandyouragingface.MyComments•Thelaststanzaseemstobeirrelevanttothepreviousstanzas,butitistheelevationofhisaffection:theoldladywillbenddownbesidethestoveandmurmursadlyabouttheGodofLovefleeingaway.Hegoesupamountainoverheadandhideshisfaceamongacrowdofstars.ThisisonlytheliteralmeaningofthethirdstanzaandtheimpliedmeaningisseeingtheGodofLovefleeawaymaymakeyoualittlesad,butinfact,theGodjusthideshimselfinthesky.Wemaynotbeabletogetmarriedinthehumanworld,butoursoulcanunitewhenweareinheaven.MyComments•Therearemanysymbolsusedinthepoem,namely,noddingbythefire,thebook,bendingdown.Firstly,noddingbythefiregivesusacomfortablefeeling.Anoldladyissleepyandrestingbesideawarnfire.However,itisalsoasignofimpendingdeath.Secondly,thebookcanberegardedasthispoemaswellasthelovethespeakerexpressesinthispoem.Nomatterhowtimeflies,theloveandaffectionwillbewellpreservedinthepoemwithoutfading.Lastly,bendingdownisanactionofseekingwarmthfromthestove.Italsomeanstheoldladyisinwantoflove,careandcomfortwhichshehadoncerejected.MaudGonne,withwhomYeatswasgreatlyinlove,hadbeenrejectinghimallherlife.YeatshopedMaudGonnewouldcherishhislovebeforeitistoolate.•Thethemeofthispoemisdeepandprofound.Norma