搜索
毕业论文题目：语言信号的采集与分析学生：学号：学院：专业：指导教师：201年月日I语音信号的采集与分析摘要语音信号处理是研究用数字信号处理技术对语音信号进行处理的一门学科。语音信号处理的目的是得到某些参数以便高效传输或存储,或者是用于某种应用，如人工合成出语音、辨识出讲话者、识别出讲话内容、进行语音增强等[1]。本文简要介绍了语音信号采集与分析的发展史以及语音信号的特征、采集与分析方法，并通过PC机录制一段声音，采集语音信号后，在MATLAB软件平台上进行频谱分析,并对所采集的语音信号加入干扰噪声，对加入噪声的信号进行频谱分析，设计合适的滤波器滤除噪声，恢复原信号。利用MATLAB来读入（采集）语音信号，将它赋值给某一向量。再将该向量看作一个普通的信号，对其进行FFT变换实现频谱分析，再依据实际情况对它进行滤波。然后我们还可以通过sound命令来对语音信号进行回放，以便在听觉上来感受声音的变化。关键词：语音信号，信号处理，采集分析，MATLABIIAudioSignalAcquisitionAndAnalysisbasedABSTRACTVoicesignalprocessingisasubjectthatweusedigitssignalprocessingtodealwithaudiosignal.Thepurposeofthesignalprocessingistogetsomecertainparameterswhichistotransportorstoredefficiently,orisusedinsomeapplications,suchassynthesisthevoiceartificially,recognizethespeaker,identifythespeechcontent,processspeechenhancementandsoon.Thispaperintroducesthevoicesignalacquisitionandanalysisofthehistoryofthedevelopment,aswellasthecharacteristicsofspeechsignal，collectionandanalysismethods，RecordingavoicethroughthePCandafterthespeechsignalacquisition,WeprocessthespectrumanalysisinMATLABsoftwareplatformandaddnoiseinterferencetothespeechsignal,andthenprocesssignalspectrumanalysistothespeechsignaladdingnoise,designappropriatefiltersfilteroutnoisetorestoretheoriginalsignal.UsingMATLABtoread(acquisition)speechsignal,Itisassignedtoavector,Thenseethevectorasacommonsignal,andtransformtheirFFTtocarryoutspectrumanalysis,andthenitisfilteredbasedontheactualsituation.Wecanalsoplaybackonthespeechsignalthoughsoundcommandtofeelupthechangeofthevoice.Keywords：audiosignal,acquisitionandanalysis,signalprocessing,MATLABIII目录摘要············································································································IABSTRACT·································································································II1绪论········································································································11.1选题背景及意义················································································11.2语音信号在国内外研究现状·································································11.3本文主要工作···················································································22系统设计的可行性研究················································································32.1语音信号处理的概念··········································································32.2语音信号的特点················································································32.3语音信号的处理的要求及可行性···························································32.4MATLAB仿真软件的介绍····································································43系统设计··································································································53.1系统设计的理论依据··········································································53.1.1采样定理·················································································53.1.2采样频率·················································································53.1.3语音的录入与打开·····································································53.1.4时域信号的FFT分析·································································53.1.5语音信号的频域分析··································································63.1.6数字滤波器设计原理··································································63.1.7数字滤波器的设计步骤·······························································63.1.8IIR滤波器与FIR滤波器的性能比较··············································63.2系统的详细设计················································································73.2.1图形用户界面（GUI）制作·························································73.2.2系统功能的实现········································································84系统调试及运行························································································155总结·······································································································26致谢········································································································27参考文献····································································································28语音信号采集与分析11绪论1.1选题背景及意义语言是人类特有的功能，它是创造和记载几千年人类文明史的根本手段，没有语言就没有今天的人类文明。语音是语言的声学表现，是相互传递信息的最重要的手段，是人类最重要、最有效、最常用和最方便的交换信息的形式。通过语言相互传递信息是人类最重要的基本功能之一。让计算机能听懂人类的语言，是人类自计算机诞生以来梦寐以求的想法，用现代手段研究语音信号，使人们能更加有效地产生、传输、存储、获取和应用语音信息[2]。通过语音传递倍息是人类最重要、最有效、最常用和最方便的交换信息的形式。语言是人类持有的功能．声音是人类常用的工具，是相互传递信息的最主要的手段。因此，语音信号是人们构成思想疏通和感情交流的最主要的途径。并且，由于语言和语音与人的智力活动密切相关，与社会文化和进步紧密相连，所以它具有最大的信息容量和最高的智能水平[3]。现在，人类已开始进入了信息化时代，用现代手段研究语音信号，使人们能更加有效地产生、传输、存储、获取和应用语音信息，这对于促进社会的发展具有十分重要的意义。让计算机能听懂人类的语言，是人类自计算机诞生以来梦寐以求的想法。随着计算机越来越向便携化方向发展，随着计算环境的日趋复杂化，人们越来越迫切要求摆脱键盘的束缚而代之以语音输人这样便于使用的、自然的、人性化的输人方式。作为高科鼓应用领域的研究热点，语音信号采集与分析从理论的研究到产品的开发已经走过了几十个春秋并且取得了长足的进步。它正在直接与办公、交通、金融、公安、商业、旅游等行业的语音咨询与管理．工业生产部门的语声控制，电话、电信系统的自动拨号、辅助控制与查询以及医疗卫生和福利事业的生活支援系统等各种实际应用领域相接轨，并且有望成为下一代操作系统和应用程序的用户界面。可见，语音信号采集与分析的研究将是一项极具市场价值和挑战性的工作。我们今天进行这一领域的研究与开拓就是要让语音信号处理技术走。语音信号采集与分析之所以能够那样长期地、深深地吸引广大科学工作者去不断地对其进行研究和探讨，除了它的实用性之外，另一个重要原因是，它始终与当时信