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直接引语变间接引语一、如何变人称：口诀：一随主。二随宾，第三不变。•“一随主”是指在直接引语变间接引语时，如果从句中的主语是第一人称或被第一人称所修饰。从句中的人称要按照主句中主语的人称变化如：•Shesaid.Mybrotherwantstogoshoppingwithme.”•→Shesaidherbrotherwantedtogoshoppingwithher.“二随宾”是指直接引语变间接引语时，若从句中的主语及宾语是第二人称或被第二人你所修饰。从句中的人称要跟引号外的主句的宾语一致。如果引号外的主句没有宾语。也可以用第一人称，如：HesaidtoKate.Howisyoursisternow?”→HeaskedKatehowhersisterwasthen。“第三人称不更新”是指直接引语变间接引语时。如果从句中的主语及宾语是第三人称或被第三人称所修饰从句中的人称一般不需要变化如：Mr.Smithsaid,“Jackisagoodboy.”→Mr.SmithsaidJackwasagoodboy.“Whatareyoudoing?”SheaskedmeIwasdoing.what“WhydoyoulikeEnglish?”HeaskedmeIlikedEnglishwhy“Howdoesshegotoschool?”SheaskedmeShewenttoschool.how“Doyouknowmyname?”SheaskedmeIknewhername.Whether/if是否“Canyouhelpme?”SheaskedmeIcouldhelpher.Whether/if“Areyouathomeyesterday?”SheaskedmeIwasathomethedaybefore.Whether/if“Areyouready?”SheaskedmeIwasready.Whether/ifWhendoyouhavemath?(Theyaskedhim)Theyaskedhimwhenyouhavemathyouhavemath.hehadTheyaskedhimwhenhehadmath.Summary(总结)1.特殊疑问句直接引语变间接引语Doyouhavemath?(Theyaskedhim)TheyaskedhimWhether/ifyouhavemathyouhavemath.hehadTheyaskedhimwhether/ifhehadmath.2.一般疑问句直接引语变间接引语Canyouplaythepiano?(Theyaskedhim)TheyaskedhimWhether/ifYoucanplaythepianoyoucanplaythepiano.hecouldTheyaskedhimwhether/ifhecouldplaythepiano.Areyouateacher?(Theyaskedhim)TheyaskedhimWhether/ifyouareateacheryouareateacher.hewasTheyaskedhimwhetherhewasateacher.1.Shesaidtome“Whyareyouinterestedinscience?”Sheaskedme________________interestedinscience.2.Heaskedhim“whenwillyoubuytheredcoat?”Heaskedhim_________________buytheredcoat.3.Shirleyaskedme“Wherewereyouborn?”Shirleyaskedme__________________born.4.“What’swrongwithyou?”Lilyaskedme.Lilyaskedme__________________with_____.5.Thegirlaskedme“Whathappened?”Thegirlaskedme__________________.Exercises:whyIwaswhenhewouldwhereIwaswhatwaswrongmewhathappened注意：以下几种情况时态不变①直接引语是客观真理。TheteachersaidTheearthmovesaroundthesun.”→Theteachersaidmetheearthmovesaroundthesunearth.③直接引语中有具体的过去某年、某月、某日作状语，变为间接引语时，时态不变。如：Jacksaid.IwasbornonApril2l,1980.②直接引语是过去进行时，时态不变。Jacksaid.“IwasdoingchoreswhenTomcametoseeme”JacksaidhewasdoingchoreswhenTomcametoseehim.→JacksaidhewasbornonApril21,1980.④直接引语如果是一般现在时。表示一种反复出现或习惯性的动作，变间接引语，时态不变。如：Hesaid,“Igetupatsixeverymorning。”⑤如果直接引语中的情态动词没有过去时的形式不再变（例：could,should,would,might）Thedoctorsaid,“Youshouldstayinbedfor2days.”→ThedoctorsaidIshouldstayinbedfor2days.”和已经是过去时的形式时，例：oughtto，hadbetter,usedtoPetersaid.Youhadbettercomeheretoday.→Hesaidhegetsupatsixeverymorning.→PetersaidIhadbettergotherethatday.1.“Whereisshefrom?”Heaskedwhereshewasfrom.2.“Howoldarethey?”Heaskedhowoldtheywere.3.“What’stheweatherliketoday?”Heaskedwhattheweatherwaslikethatday.4.“Howdoyougotoschool?.”Heaskedhowyouwenttoschool.5.“Whoissinging?”Heaskedwhowassinging.6.“Whendoyougetup?”HewantedtoknowwhenIgotup.now----------------------------thenyesterday---------------------thedaybeforetoday--------------------------thatdaytomorrow—------------------thenextdaylastweek/year---------------theweek/yearbeforethisweek/year--------------thatweek/yearnextweek/year--------------thenextweek/yearaweek/yearago------------aweek/yearbefore直接引语中的时间状语转换规则：1.2、直接引语中的指示代词转换规则：3、直接引语中动词come在间接引语中用go:4、直接引语中副词here在间接引语中用there：5、如果是在当天或在原地转达，则上述时间状语或地点状语一律不变：thisthatthesethose1.Shesaid“I’llcomethisevening.”Shesaid(that)shewouldgothatevening.2.Mysistersaidtome,“I’mleavingtomorrow.”Mysistertoldme(that)shewasleavingthenext(following)day.3.Hesaid,“Mymotherisnotherenow.”Hesaid(that)hismotherwasnottherethen.4.Nancysaid,”Iamveryhappytoday.”Nancysaid(that)shewasveryhappythatday.5.Hesaid,“Theearthgoesroundthesun.”Hesaid(that)theearthgoesroundthesun.1.直接引语是陈述句变为间接引语的方法引导词为:语序:that不变(that可省略)2.直接引语是特殊疑问句变为间接引语的方法引导词为:语序:1.“Whatdoyouwant?”heaskedme.HeaskedmewhatIwanted.2.Theteacherasked,“Whydoyouwanttodothat?”TheteacheraskeduswhyIwantedtodothat.3.Shesaid,“Wherehaveyoubeen?”SheaskedmewhereIhadbeen.4.Heaskedme,“Whichisthebest?”Heaskedmewhichwasthebest.特殊疑问词wh-陈述（即主语在前，谓语在后）1.Hesaid,“Areyouinterestedinit?”Heasked(me)if/whetherIwasinterestedinit.2.Hesaid,“Doyoulikethisfilm?”Heaskedif/whetherIlikedthatfilm.3.Hesaidtome,“Willyoubefreetomorrow?”Heaskedmeif/whetherIwouldbefreethenextday.4.“DoyoulikeEnglishornot?”heaskedme.HeaskedmewhetherIlikedEnglishornot.3.直接引语是一般疑问句变为间接引语的方法引导词为:语序:if或whether陈述（即主语在前，谓语在后）注意：与or或ornot连用时，不用if，要用whether.4.直接引语是祈使句变为间接引语的方法间接引语应改为“tell(ask,order等)sb(not)todosth.”句型。Shesaid,“Don’ttalk.”SheaskedthechildrenShesaid,“Bequiet.”SheaskedmeShesaid,“Putupyouhandsifyouhaveanyquestions.Shetoldustoputupourhandsifwehadanyquestions.tobequiet.nottotalk.