初中名词

名词Nouns适合初中生学习无单复数之分,但可用表量的名词来表达数量如：acupofmilk，abottleofwater，apieceofbreadadropofoil有单复数之分以“元音字母+y”结尾的名词，直接加词尾boy→boys男孩key→keys钥匙monkey→monkeys以-o结尾的名词，如果不是外来词或缩写，就加-es，否则加-s构成复数。读音变化：加读[z]。tomato→tomatoes西红柿potato→potatoes土豆hero→heroes英雄Negro→Negroes黑人初中英语中以o结尾的名词后加词尾-s的有zoos(动物园)，photos(照片)，pianos(钢琴)等;以-f或-fe结尾的名词，多为将-f或-fe改变为-ves，读音变化：尾音[f]改读[vz]。knife→knives小刀life→lives生命leaf→leaves树叶wife---wives妻子half--halves一半thief→thieves贼self--selves(自己)，loaf--loaves(面包)，wolf--wolves(狼)另外，也有的以f或fe结尾的名词直接加词尾-s构成复数(如roof→roofs屋顶)，但这在初中英语中很少见。man→men男人woman→women女人child→children小孩tooth→teeth牙齿foot→feet脚mouse→mice老鼠【注】一些以man,woman结尾的合成词，构成复数时与man,woman的变化形式相同，如：policeman→policemen警察Englishwoman→Englishwomen(女)英国人但是human(人)，German(德国人)不是合成词，其复数不能仿man的变化规律，而是按规则变化，即用humans,Germans。另外，当man和woman用于名词前作定语时，若其后被修饰的名词为复数，则man和woman也要用复数：amannurse→manymennurses男护士awomandoctor→somewomendoctors女医生单数与复数同形的名词初中英语中主要的有：sheep绵羊fish鱼deer鹿Chinese中国人Japanese日本人Swiss瑞士人等如：asheep–fivesheepaChinese–manyChinese【注】fish有时也用fishes这样的复数形式，尤其表示种类时。afish—sixfish六条鱼sixfishes六种鱼一:名词单数变复数填空1.orangetextbedcomputerapplehouseplanetreelessonappleshirtmonth2.pianophotoradiozootomatopotato3.classfoxwatchglassdressclassbrushboxbus4.shelfknifewifelifeleafthief5.familycountryarmycitystorybabybutterflycountry6.toydaykeyboy二：把下列的单词变为复数形式keyboyfamilycasebackpackdictionarywatchcomputergamenotebookbagmathalarmvideotapehatpeareggapplecarrotvegetablestarsockshirtshoeskirtsweaterclerkstoreshopleaf______puppy_______box_______knife_______fly______fox______bus______bench_____brush_____kiss______church______dish_____ruler______peach________glass_____pencil________boy______zoo______man______roof_______sheep_______knife______lady______key______story______watch______bamboo______city______family______day_____apple_______eraser______speech______thief______mouse______fish_____goose____people______ox_____Chinese_______deer_______foot______child_______tooth_______guy________hero_______spy______boss_____monkey______city______goat______radio________horse______dog______三：代词/be动词单数变复数this_______that_________I_______you________she_______he________it________am_________is__________四：句子单数变复数1：Thisisabook..__________________________2:Thatisaneraser.___________________________3:Itisaredapple.____________________________4:Iamaboy.______________________________5:He/Sheisateacher.__________________________6:What’sthis?_________________________________五：名词复数变单数练习1：Thosearemyfriends._________________________2:TheyareEnglishboys.__________________________3:Theyaresomeerasers.________________________4:Thesearedictionaries.___________________________5:wearestudents.___________________________6:whatcolorareyourbooks?______________________六：根据句意及所给单词填空。1：________(this)aremyEnglishbooks.2:Thetwoboysaremy_________(cousin)3:----_________thoseyourparents?----Yes,they_________.4:---Whoarethemanandthewomaninthepicture?----Theyaremy__________.5:MyauntJaneandmymotherare___________.6:Theyaremy__________(姨)。7:Ihavetwo___________(watch).Theyareonthedesk.8:Ihavesome__________(photo)ofmyfamily.9:Doyoulikethese____________(dictionary)?10:Arethoseyour_________(bus)?七、用所给的单词的复数的正确形式填空.1.Therearesomany________(wolf)intheforest.2.Therearethree______(chair)intheclassroom.3.These_______(tomato)arered.4.______(hero)aregreat.5．Mybrotherlooksaftertwo______(baby)6．Therearesome______(deer)eatingthegrass.7．Myfatherlikestoeat_______(potato).8．Chinese______(people)liketoeatnoodles.9．Ihavealotof______(toy)inmybedroom.10．Ihelpmymotherwash______(dish)inthekitchen.11．Ihavetwo______(pencil-box).12．Therearesome______(bus)inthestreet.13．Peterhaseight_____(foot).14．Lindahasthree_______(tooth).15．Therearesome______(child)inthegarden.16．Michaellikesthe______(mouse).17．Therearesome______(goose)intheriver.18．Myuncleandfatherare_____(man).19．TomandKingare_____(boy).20．Lindahasthree______(tooth).八：汉译英；1：这些是我的帽子。2：那些不是课桌。3：他们不是男孩。4：这个棒球在沙发上吗？不，它在椅子下面。5：这些字典是红色的吗？不，它们是蓝色的。分类规则例词’s所有格单数名词在末尾加'sthegirl'smother那个女孩的妈妈WantMei'sruler王梅的尺子以s结尾的可数名词复数，在末尾加'sTeachers'Day教师节thestudents'books学生们的书以s结尾的人名，在末尾加's或是’Dickens's/Dickens'novels狄更斯的小说表示各自的所有关系，各名词末尾均须加'sLucy'sandLily'sbikes露西和莉莉的自行车表示共同所有关系时，最后一词末尾加'sluckandLily'sbedroom露西和莉莉的卧室表示“某人家”、“某店铺”，所有格后的名词省略myuncle's我叔叔家thebutcher's肉店of所有格“名词+of+名词”构成of所有格thewindowoftheroom这个房间的窗户thelifeoftherich有钱人的生活双重所有格在同一名词词组中同时具备's以及of两种所有格afriendofmyfather's我爸爸的一个朋友我弟弟的早餐他爸爸的电脑你叔叔的电话我们老师的图画他们朋友的排球你们姑姑的生日这个女孩的帽子这些男孩的铅笔盒那个女人的钥匙那些男人的照片孩子们的玩具mybrother’sbreakfasthisfather’scomputeryouruncle’stelephoneourteacher’spicturetheirfriend’svolleyballyouraunt’sbirthdaythisgirl’shattheseboys’pencil-boxthatwoman’skeythosemen’sphotosthechildren’stoys1.Canyouimaginewhatlifewillbelikein________time?A.20years’B.20year’sC.20-years’D.20-years2.Thisisa________bike.________isoverthere.A.visitor’s;MyB.visitor’s;MineC.visitor;My3.WangTaoisill,sohehastogotothe________.A.doctorB.doctors’C.doctor’sD.doctor’4.Thisis________,andIborrowedittwodaysago.A.apictureofMr.CoxB.apictureofMr.Cox’sC.aMr.Cox’pictureD.Mr.Cox’spictures5.Theseare__