306Vol.30No.6201212EXPERIMENTALANDLABORATORYMEDICINEDec.2012(Down’ssyndrome,DS)21-,21,1/700~1/800[1]。2/3,。,,。、。,(MOM)、、、、、[1]。MOM,。MOM;(DR),,2010《》(《》),5%;,,,。0.5%;CV%,CV%3%,5%[1]。2.1A(PAPP-A)A(PAPP-A)1974Lin。,,PAPP-A,,,PAPP-A(10~13),2005,FASTER(FirstAndSec-ondTrimesterEvaluationofRiskforAneuploidy,)[2],PAPP-A,5%,37%~51%,MOM0.42~0.53。2008,[3],11~14,PAPP-A,5%,52%。2.2β-(F-β-hCG)(hCG),αβ。F-β-hCGhCG1%~8%,hCG,F-β-hCGhCG。β-hCG。[4]β-hCG50%,13、18,FASTER,F-β-hCG,5%,22~29%,MOM1.89~2.23[2]。SURUSS(SerumUrineandUltrasoundScreeningStudy,),,1013,19%(10)44%(13)[5],β-hCG,[5-7]。章静,陈军,浦震综述,汤广宇审校(,232007):、、。,,,。、。:;;R596.1R715.5A1674-1129(2012)06-0576-04doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-1129.2012.06.019··:,,1975,1999,,,,。··306Vol.30No.6201212EXPERIMENTALANDLABORATORYMEDICINEDec.20122.3(AFP)AFP1974,AFP(NTD),AFP。AFP,AFP,14~20AFP,20,AFP(14~20)。[8],AFP16,F-β-hCG20,14。DSAFP25%。AFP,,AFP。FASTERAFPMOMAFP0.74(95%0.67~0.82),5%33~36.9%。,AFPDS,。2.4(uE3)(uE3),,,,,uE39%,uE320~30min,。,uE3。DSuE330%,uE3,[2,3]。FASTERuE3MOMAFP0.61(95%0.55~0.67),5%,41%[2]。uE3,[9,10]。2.5-A(Inhibin-A)-A,(FSH),。DS,-A2。SURUSS[5],-A。Inhibin-ADS62%。DS10%,。,-A(AFP+F-β-hCG+uE3+-A),,FASTER,5%,86%。2.62.6.1-12(ADAM-12)-12(ADAM-12)[5],。ADAM-12810,。DSADAM-12,MOM0.14(95%0.01~0.76),ADAM-12DS,2%,82%,ADAM12PAPP-ADS91%,,ADAM-12,。2.6.2(SP1)SP1,10d,。、,。,(SP1),。SP143%,5%[6]。2.6.3(NR-NAP)90NR-NAPDS,NR-NAP,,,79%,,。,,。2.6.4(ITA)ITAhCG,hCG,DS。2.6.5(pro-MBP)pro-MBPPAPP-A,PAPP-A4,DS。。,,。3.135,,80%DS··306Vol.30No.6201212EXPERIMENTALANDLABORATORYMEDICINEDec.201235。,。1988WaldAFP、uE3、hCG[11],60%、5%。,,。3.2,(nuchaltranslucency,NT)NT。NTDS。11~14BNT3mm,2~4mm[12]。10~14,DS,[3],+NT,5%,DS69.3%。,,、,。,,,。,,,,,2~4,。4.1(11~13)[1-5]4.1.1(PAPP-A+β-hCG)1999Cuckle,DS,,PAPP-Aβ-hCGDS63%[3]。4.1.2(PAPP-A+F-β-hCG+NT)199910200212,FASTER38167,:5%,11、12、13(PAPP-A+F-β-hCGNT)DS:87%、85%82%。。[6]50011-13PAPP-A+F-β-hCGNT,6,3DS。,。,。4.2(15~20)4.2.1(AFP+β-hCG+uE3)。[7,10,13,14],[8]2880AFP+F-β-hCG+uE3,60%~70%。、,。4.2.2(AFP+β-hCG),[7],5%,63%。,,,,。4.2.3(AFP+β-hCG+uE3+Inhibin-A)15~18,5%,81%[5]。,,、,。,[5,8,15-17],。5.11999Wald,DS。(10~13),,15~20,。NT,,,。SURUSS2.6%,90%,。,,,,,;。5.2,,,。··306Vol.30No.6201212EXPERIMENTALANDLABORATORYMEDICINEDec.2012、。,DS,17%。,,,、,,5%95%。,。,、,,、,,,FASTER5%88%~94%,,,,。,2002,,,TORCH,10%[12,18],AFP+β-hCG,,63%,(85%)。[19],,,,。,。,,[20,21]。,,、、[22,23],NT,,。,,、、、、,,,,,,,[24]。。[1]..1:[S]:,2010:1-9.[2]FergalD,Malone,CanickJacobA,RobertH.First-trimesterorsecond-trimesterscreening,orboth,forDown’syndrome[J].NEnglMed,2005,353(19):2001-2011.[3],,.[J].2008,24(2):87-90.[4],,.18、13[J].,2011,27(10):778-780.[5]WaldNJ,RodeckC,HackshawAK,etal.FirstandsecondtrimesterantenatalscreeningforDown’ssyndrome:theresultsoftheSerum,UrineandUltrasoundScreeningStudy(SURUSS)[J].JMedScreen,2003,10(2):56-104.[6],.21-[J].2012,39(1):75-78.[7],.14099[J].,2012,27(2):200-201.[8],,.[J].,2012,27(6):863-864.[9].[J]..,2007,8(5):405-406.[10],,.[J].,2012,27(8):1194-1195.[11]WaldNJ,CuckleHS,DensemJW,etal.Maternalserumscreen-ingforDown’ssyndromeinearlypregnancy[J].BMJ,1988,297(6653):883-887.[12],,.[J].,2007,22(7):944-946.[13],,.[J].,2010,30(3):532-534.[14],.[J].2008,24(2):90-93.[15],,.[J].,2009,25(12):2071-2073.[16].[J].,2011,17,6:823-825.[17]PalomakiGE,BradleyLA.McDowellGA.Technicalstandardsandguidelines:prenatalscreeningforDownsyndrome[J].GenetMed2005,7(5):344-354.[18],.(600)··306Vol.30No.6201212EXPERIMENTALANDLABORATORYMEDICINEDec.2012(579)[J].,2009,36(3):178-180.[19],.[J].,2006,27(18):2241-2242.[20],.[J].,2011,7(34):665-667.[21],,,.[J].,2011,19(4):117-118.[22],.[J].,2008,1,24(1):4-7.[23].[J].,2008,24(2):81-83.[24],.[J].,2008,24(2):96-98.,、,、。,ICU36%,、。,,,,,、,[2]。,ICU,,ICU,30.6%。1、2、3,ICU。,、、,,,,B/,3.0%21.2%,[3,5];、,、B、、,,,,,,;,/、;、、;,5-B。ICU,。。,ICU,、。,ICU,,,,。[1]SinghAK,SenMR,AnupurbaS,eta1.AntibioticsensitivitypatternofthebacteriaisolatedfromnosocomialinfectionsinICU[J].JCommunDis,2002,34(4):257-263.[2],,.[J].,2006,25(2):126-127.[3],,,.2010CHINET[J].,2011,11(5):321-329.[4].[J].,2011,29(3):330-331.[5],,,.[J].,2012,30(4):327-329.··