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非谓语动词讲解高二英语钱静2015-09-10一:谓语与非谓语的判定1___manytimes,buthestillcouldn’tunderstandit.A．HavingbeentoldB.ThoughhehadbeentoldC.HewastoldD.Havingtold2______manytimes,hestillcouldn’tunderstandit.A．HavingbeentoldB.ThoughhehadbeentoldC.HewastoldD.Havingtold3._______alookatthetrees,flowers,riversandsoonandyouwillfindthebeautyexistingintheruralareas.A.TohaveB.HavingC.HavinghadD.Have一基本原则：基本原则：在备选项中既有谓语动词的形式又有非谓语动词的形式的时候，一定要圈画题目中的________词和________词，它是解题的关键。一个句子中通常只有一个谓语动词,如果出现第二个动词，那么可以有下列几种处理方式：1)把第二个动词变为非谓语动词2)把…所在的部分变成(状语/定语)从句3)添加并列连词：and/but/or…谓语动词连变式：______manytimes,hestillcouldn’tunderstandit.A.HavingbeentoldB.ThoughhehadbeentoldC.HewastoldD.Havingtold______manytimes,buthestillcouldn’tunderstandit.A.HavingbeentoldB.ThoughhehadbeentoldC.HewastoldD.Havingtold二.非谓语动词的分类及基本含义主被动时间(做题时一定要圈出时间)频率不定式_____________行为ing形式主动正在进行______\________行为过去分词被动完成表将来(表目的)具体某次经常性习惯性预习作业：用build的适当形式填空Thebridge_________nextmonthwillbeinusein2015.Thebridge_________nowneedsalotofmaterialseveryday.Thebridge_____lastyearisinusenow.tobebuiltbeingbuiltbuilt三.非谓语动词在从句中所充当的成分状语Hearingthebadnews,theycouldn’thelpcrying.WhentheyheardthebadnewsTheycameintotheclassroom,singingandlaughing.andtheyweresinginglaughingGivenmoreattention,thetreescouldhavegrownbetter.Iftheyhadbeengivenmoreattention判断正误Tostudyaforeignlanguage,practiceisneeded.Tostudyaforeignlanguage,oneneedspractice.不定式的逻辑主语要与句子主语保持一致考点1：给出逻辑主语，选择非谓语。方法：找出逻辑主语；看逻辑主语和非谓语动词存在的主被动关系，看动作发生的先后关系考点2：给出非谓语动词，选择逻辑主语；方法：找出非谓语动词，判断出能与非谓语动词构成主动或被动的逻辑主语•【当堂训练】•1)_______aroundtheWaterCube,wewerethentakentoseetheBird’sNestforthe2008OlympicGames.(2008陕西卷)•A.HavingshownB.Tobeshown•C.HavingbeenshownD.Toshow•showsbaroundsp带sb参观sp•当选项中出现非谓语的完成式时，要考虑动作的先后关系。•2)TranslatedintotheEnglishlanguage,________.•AthestudentshavepolisheduptheirEnglish•Bthemerchantsmadeaprofitoutofthebooktheysold•Ctheinfluenceofthebookonchildrenisworthconsidering•Dtheworksofthefamouswriterhavesoldwell•3)Hesitatingwhattodo,_________.•A.solet’snogoouting•B.thetourwascancelled•C.butweshouldstilltakethetour•D.wehadtostayhome4).Hehungupthephone,____withasmileonhisface.AsatisfiedBsatisfyingCtobesatisfiedDhavingsatisfied5)._____inthought,healmostranintothecarinfrontofhim.A.LosingB.HavinglostC.LostD.Tolose形容词短语做后置定语或状语典型例题：Finallytheyarrivedatafarmhouse,_____roofwellabovetheother’s.A.whatB.whichC.whoseD.its二)独立主格结构但有时非谓语动词带有自己的逻辑主语，在句子中作状语，我们称独立主格结构，独立主格结构中的非谓语动词用用什么形式取决于它与自己的逻辑主语之间的关系。用独立主格结构翻译：MontrealisthesecondlargestFrench—speakingcityintheworld,______________(巴黎是最大的).parisbeingthelargest考点1：判定谓语和非谓语Iwasscaredandfeelingprettyanxious,______inanewcountry.AforthefirsttimeIwasBthisbeingmyfirsttimeCbeingmyfirsttimeDIwasthefirsttime考点2：区分人称代词和which/whose1.Notfarfromtheclub,therewasagarden,_____ownerseatedinthegardenisplayingchesswithsomefriends.A.whoseB.itsC.hisD.which2.Therearetworoomsonthefirstfloor,_______wasusedasaguestroom.A.thesmallerofthemB.asmallofthemC.ofwhichthesmallerD.asmallofwhich三)todo不定式做目的状语①TheretiredmandonatedmostofhissavingstotheschooldamagedbytheearthquakeinYushu,______thestudentstoreturntotheirclassrooms.(10江苏)AenablingBhavingenabledCtoenableDtohaveenabledIofferedtohelpLucytomakeherhappy.•②SchoolsacrossChinaareexpectedtohire50,000collegegraduatesthisyearasshort—termteachers,almostthreetimesthenumberhiredlastyear,________reduceunemploymentpressures.•AhelpBtohavehelped•CtohelpDhavinghelpedIofferedtohelpLucy,ofcourse,(插入语)tomakeherhappy.总结：1)todo不定式表目的时,位于句首,可以用逗号隔开，位于句末，则不能。2)删除插入成分时，要去掉前后两个逗号3）v-ing分词短语可以做伴随、原因、结果状语•【链接】用onlytodo和onlydoing填空•Iwokeup,__________(find)allofthemhadlefttheroom•Hedroppedtheglass,_____________(break)itintopieces.•onlytodo指___________________•onlydoing指__________________onlytofindonlybreaking意料之外意料之中2)当非谓语的设空位于句首时，要①特别注意句意②分析成分①______exactlywhatIwanted,Ididn‘tspendmuchtimeshopping．A.ToknowB.KnowingCKnowDKnown②__________theimpressivenessandbeautyofChanglingistheLing’enPalace,________inthesecondcourtyard.A.Addedto;locatedB.Addingto;locatedC.Addingto;thatislocatedD.Addedto;locating•①特别注意句意②分析成分•②__________theimpressivenessandbeautyofChanglingistheLing’enPalace,________inthesecondcourtyard.•A.Addedto;located•B.Addingto;located•C.Addingto;thatislocated•D.Addedto;locating√√③____totoomuchsunlight,asisgenerallyconsidered,willaddtothepotentialofcatchingskincancer.•A.BeingexposedB.Exposed•C.ExposingD.Toexpose类型一般式完成式进行式不定式主动todo___________tobedoing被动tobedonetohavebeendone-ing形式主动doing___________被动beingdone___________过去分词被动donetohavedonehavingdonehavingbeendone条件：分词的动作发生在谓语动词的动作之前现在分词的时态和语态：HavingbeentotheGreatWallmanytimes,Hedidn’tgothereyesterday.分词的动作发生在谓语动词的动作之前1.______alongwithhostfamilies,Ibelieve,languagetravelSsarelikelytogetenoughlanguagepractice.AStayBStayingCHavingstayedDTostay2.______alongwithhostfamiliesforalongtime,thestudent’soralEnglishwasimporvedalot.AStayBStayingCHavingstayedDTostay五．非谓语动词的否定应放在____________前1.Inorder________________thematter(为了不卷入到这个事件中),heleftwithoutsayingaword.2.—Togetaslimfigure,Fannyhastriedmanyways,butinvain.—Sonowsheisreduced_______anythingforsupper.A.nottoeatB.nottoeatingC