写作技巧点拨系列(九)

写作技巧点拨系列(九)解读信息，稳固构建图表作文图表类作文根据图表的呈现方式不同，可分为柱状图、曲线图、数字表格和饼状图四类。一般是在图、表中给出一定的内容和情景，要求考生根据图表信息，准确、客观地反映图表内容，并加以分析，进而得出结论。1.仔细研读图表。认清图表中的数字、线条、阴影等部分的变化趋势和走向，抓住其主要特点。2.确定主题段落。分析重组信息，根据信息的不同性质确定具体段落，列出各段的主题句。3.深化阐释主题。末段通常用于深化主题，对全文进行总结，发表个人看法。【写作指导】Ⅰ.常用句型1.开门见山，点明主题的常用句式:(1)Lastweek，wemade/did/carriedoutasurveyon...上周，我们进行了关于……的调查(2)Thechartdescribes/tells/shows...图表显示……(3)Asisshowninthechart，foodpricehasbeenontherise/decrease.如图表所示，食品价格一直在上升/下降。(4)Accordingtothefiguresgivenbythechart，Chinesefarmers’personalincomerosesteadilyfrom1980to2010.根据表中所给的数字，自1980年至2010年中国农民的个人收入稳步增长。(5)Itcanbeconcludedfromthegraphthat...从曲线图可以得出结论……(6)Wecanseefromthetablethat...我们可以从表格中看出……(7)Thegraphprovidessomeinterestingdataregarding/concerning...该曲线提供了一些有关……的有趣数据。(8)Itisclear/apparentfromthetable/chart/diagram/figuresthat....从图表可以很清楚(明显)地看到……2.呈现数据，分析原因的常用句型:(1)Itisobviousfromthegraph/chartthat...rankthefirst/highest，while...turnouttobethelowest.图中清楚显示……排在第一位/最高的，而……结果最低。(2)A，whichaccountsfor...%，rankthefirst；nextinlineisBwith...%，followedbyC，makingup...%；finallyD，at...%A排在第一，占……%，紧接着B，占……%，跟着是C，占……%，最后是D,占……%。(3)Foodpricehasincreasedby19%.食品价格增长了19%。(4)Thedata/statistics/figurescanbeinterpretedasfollows.对这些数据我们可以做如下的解读。(5)Thedata/statistics/figuresleadustotheconclusionthat...这些数据可以让我们得出如下的结论，即……(6)Therearetworeasonsthataccountforthisphenomenon.有两个原因可以解释这种现象。(7)Anumberoffactorscouldaccountfor(contributeto/leadto/resultin)thechange(success/increase).许多因素可以说明/导致/引起这样的变化(成功/增长)。(8)Themainreasonforsuchchangeis...这一变化的主要原因是……3.归纳总结或发表评论的常用句型:(1)Inaword,practiceisfarmoreimportantthanbookknowledge.一句话，实践远比书本知识更重要。(2)Personally/Inmyopinion/AsfarasI’mconcerned/Frommypointofview...依我之见……(3)Wecandrawtheconclusionthat...我们可以得出这样的结论……Ⅱ.黄金模板Asisshownbythefigure/percentageinthetable/picture,hasbeenonrise/decrease,significantly/dramaticallyrising/decreasingfromintoin.Fromthissharprise/declineinthechart,itgoeswithoutsayingthat.Thereareatleasttwomainreasonsaccountingfor.Ontheonehand,.Ontheotherhand,isduetothefactthat.Inaddition,isresponsiblefor.Maybetherearesomeotherreasonstoshow.Butitisgenerallybelievedthattheabovementionedreasonsarecommonlyconvincing.AsfarasIamconcerned,Iholdthepointofviewthat.Iamsuremyopinionisbothsoundandwell-grounded.【典题示例】(2015·郑州模拟)在最近学校组织的一次社会实践活动中，你班同学参加了一项关于青少年课余活动情况的调查，调查结果如下。请用英语写一篇短文，简要介绍调查情况，谈谈你的看法，并提出建议。【审题谋篇】文章体裁议论文中心人称第三人称主要时态一般现在时信息要点1.点明调查的主题2.分析调查数据3.表明通过数据分析所得出的结论4.发表自己的个人观点【词句构建】1.词汇汉语一般词汇高级词汇偏爱likebetter_________________________超过(尤指数字上)morethan__________占……比例takeup__________谈到;涉及talkabout______________________数据number____重视payattentionto___________________________________小部分asmallnumberof_____________prefer/haveapreferenceforoutnumberaccountforwhenitcomesto;refertodataattachimportanceto/attachemphasistointheminority2.句式①如图表所示，男生和女生都偏爱看电视和视频。一般表达:ThechartshowsthatbothboysandgirlslikewatchingTVorvideosbetter.高级表达:_____________________,bothboysandgirlshaveastrongpreferenceforwatchingTVorvideos.(定语从句)Asisshowninthechart②我们应该更加重视那些能够激励孩子发展他们的创造力和增进身体健康的活动。一般表达:Weshouldpaymoreattentiontoactivitiesthatcanencouragechildrentodeveloptheircreativityandbuildupphysicalhealth.高级表达:________________________________________thatcanencouragechildrentodeveloptheircreativityandbuildupphysicalhealth.(attachemphasisto...；被动句)Moreemphasisshouldbeattachedtoactivities【连句成篇】Recentlymyclasstookpartinthesocialpracticeorganizedbyourschool,inwhichweconductedasurveyamongkidsaged5—14abouttheirextra-curriculumactivities.Theresultsareasfollows.Asisshowninthechart,bothboysandgirlshaveastrongpreferenceforwatchingTVorvideoswiththepercentagerankingfirstat100%.Moreboysthangirlsenjoyskateboardingorrollerblading,bikeridingandelectronicorcomputergamesasleisureactivities,eachaccountingfornearly40%,70%and80%.However,girlsoutnumberboysbyalmost20%whenitcomestoartandcraft.Wecandrawaconclusionfromthissurveythataccordingtothedata,passivepursuitsarefarmorepopularnowadaysthanactiveonesandthosewhooptforcreativepastimesareintheminority.Inmyopinion,sincetheaddictiontowatchingTVorvideosorplayingelectronicorcomputergamesislikelytodoharmtochildren’shealth,parentsshouldberesponsibleforlimitingthechildren’stimespentonpassiveleisureactivities.Inaddition,moreemphasisshouldbeattachedtoactivitiesthatcanencouragechildrentodeveloptheircreativityandbuildupphysicalhealth.【即时应用】近来某网站对人们外出旅游的频率和目的进行了一次问卷调查，结果见下图。请根据图表提供的信息用英语写一篇短文，介绍图表所示此次调查结果，并谈谈你自己外出旅游的目的。词数100个左右。文章的开头已经给出,不计入总词数。Recentlyanonlinesurveyontravelinghasbeenconducted.Inthesurvey,peopleareaskedabouthowoftenandwhytheytravel,andtheresultsareasfollows._______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【参考范文】Recentlyanonlinesurveyontravelinghasbeenconducted.Inthesurvey,peopleareaskedabouthowoftenandwhytheytravel,andtheresultsareasfollows.Chart1showsthat33%ofthepeopleoftengotravel