复合句宾语从句状语从句状语从句

专题13复合句(宾语从句、状语从句、定语从句)专题13┃复合句1宾语从句┃考点直击┃1．宾语从句的引导词及语序(1)that引导的宾语从句。若是that引导陈述句作宾语，that本身没有意义，可以省略。如：Theradiosays(that)itwillraintomorrow.收音机报道说明天要下雨。(2)whether或if引导的一般疑问句或选择疑问句作宾语的从句时，从句改用陈述语序。if/whether二者均可表示“是否”，但与or连用分别引导两个分句，或用于不定式前、介词后或直接与ornot连用时，只能用whether。如：专题13┃复合句Idon'tknowwhetherhewillcomeornot.我不知道他是否会来。Itdependsonwhethertheletterarrivesintime.这取决于信是否来得及时。(3)连接代词which,what,who等或连接副词how,where,why,when等引导的特殊疑问句作宾语的从句时，从句改用陈述语序。如：Pleasetellmewhichyoulike.请告诉我你喜欢哪一个。MayIaskwhoyouwillinvitetogiveatalk?我可以问一下你要邀请谁来做报告吗？专题13┃复合句2．宾语从句的时态宾语从句中讲究时态呼应。即当主句谓语动词是现在时时，从句使用相对应的现在时；当主句谓语动词是过去时时，从句要用相对应的过去时；当从句表述的是客观真理或普遍规律时，从句时态不受主句时态的限制，仍然用一般现在时。如：HetoldmethathewouldleaveforLondon.他告诉我他要去伦敦。Ourteachertoldusthattheearthgoesaroundthesun.我们老师告诉我们地球围绕太阳转。专题13┃复合句3．宾语从句与否定转移动词think,believe,suppose,expect,imagine等后面的宾语从句的否定词要转移到主句中，即主句的谓语动词用否定式，而从句的谓语动词用肯定式。如：Idon'tthinkthatheishonest.我认为他不诚实。4．宾语从句与简单句的转换由特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句常可以转换为“特殊疑问词＋todo”结构的简单句。如：Idon'tknowwhatIshouldsay.＝Idon'tknowwhattosay.我不知道说什么。专题13┃复合句2状语从句1．各类状语从句及其引导词如下表所示：从句名称引导词时间状语从句when,as,while(当……的时候),before(在……之前),after(在……之后),until(直到……为止),assoonas(一……就),since(自从)条件状语从句if(如果),unless(除非),aslongas(只要)地点状语从句where(哪里),wherever(无论哪里)原因状语从句because(因为),as(由于),since(既然)专题13┃复合句从句名称引导词目的状语从句sothat(以便),inorderthat(为了，目的是)让步状语从句though(虽然),although(虽然),evenif＝eventhough(即使)比较状语从句than(比),as…as(和……一样),notso/as…as…(不如……)结果状语从句that,sothat,so…that,such…that(以至于……)专题13┃复合句2.if/when同时引导宾语从句和状语从句如：Idon'tknowifhewillcome.Ifhecomes,Iwilltellhimthetruth.我不知道他是否会来。如果他来，我将告诉他事实。Idon'tknowwhenhewillcometomorrow.Whenhecomes,Iwilltellhimthetruth.我不知道他明天什么时候来。当他来时，我将告诉他事实。专题13┃复合句3定语从句1．关于定语从句的概念(1)定语从句就是在复合句中充当定语的从句，它通常紧靠在所修饰的名词或代词后面。(2)先行词就是被定语从句修饰的名词或代词。(3)关系词是引导定语从句的词。2．引导定语从句的关系词关系代词有who(whose,whom),which,that;关系副词有when,where,why。专题13┃复合句作主语作宾语作定语指人who/thatwho/whom/thatwhose指物which/thatwhich/thatwhose3．关系代词的基本用法专题13┃复合句4.关系副词的基本用法关系副词when，where，why在定语从句中作状语，分别表示时间、地点和原因。如：Thisistheplacewherewespentourholidayslastyear.这就是我们去年度假的地方。I'llneverforgetthedaywhenIgraduatedfromcollege.我将永远忘不了我大学毕业的那一天。Idon'tknowthereasonwhyhedidn'tattendthemeetingyesterday.我不知道他昨天没有出席会议的原因。专题13┃复合句5．只能用that引导的定语从句(1)当先行词是不定代词all,little,few,much,any,anything,everything,nothing,none或先行词被all,little,few,much,any,every,no等修饰时。如：Ihavenothingthatisworthreading.我没有什么值得一读的东西。(2)先行词被序数词或形容词最高级以及theonly,thevery,thelast等修饰时。如：ThisistheverypenthatIamlookingfor.这正是我在找的钢笔。专题13┃复合句(3)先行词既包括人又包括物时。如：TheprofessorandhisachievementthatIheardaboutareadmiredbythem.我听说的那位教授和他的成就得到了他们的赞美。(4)当主句是以who或which开头的疑问句时，为了避免重复，多用that引导。如：WhoisthemanthatistalkingtoMrWhite?在和怀特先生交谈的那个人是谁？专题13┃复合句1．[2013·临沂]Pleaseholdontoyourdream________onedayitcomestrue.A.ifB．untilC．unlessD．though2．[2013·衢州]LiuMingjumpshighest________heisn'tthetallestinourclass.A.becauseB．thoughC．forD．soBB┃考点过关┃专题13┃复合句3．[2013·内江]Idon'tknowifhe________totheEnglishcorner,butI'llaskhimaboutthatwhenhe________totheclass.A.goes;willcomeB．willgo;willcomeC.goes;comesD．willgo;comes4．[2013·青岛]—Doyouknow________thegirlinblueis?—I'mnotsure.Maybeateacher.A.whoseB．howC．whatD．whichCD专题13┃复合句5．[2013·杭州]Beingblindissomething________mostpeoplecan'timagine.A.whoB．whatC．thatD．whom6．[2013·上海]Ihatetravellingbyair______youusuallyhavetowaitforhoursbeforetheplanetakesoff.A.becauseB．thoughC．untilD．unlessCA专题13┃复合句7．[2013·江西]Kate'sdadisgettingold.Shewillgobackhometoseehim________itisconvenient.A.becauseB．wheneverC．althoughD．unless8．[2013·呼和浩特]________youtoldme,Ihadheardnothingofwhathappened.A.UntilB．ThoughC．WhenD．IfAB专题13┃复合句9．[2013·兰州]Lilydoesn'tknow________sheandherfriendscandotohelpthelittleboy________parentshavelefttheirhometownformakingmoney.A.that;whoseB．how;whoC．what;whoD．what;whose10．[2013·聊城]Pleasetellme________toimprovemyEnglish.A.whatIcandoB．whatcanIdoC．howIcandoD．howcanIdoAD专题13┃复合句1．[2013·黄石]—Helen,doyouknowifMartin________tomypartynextweek?—Ithinkhewillcomeifhe________free.A．willcome;willbeB.willcome;isC．come;isD.comes;willbe2．[2013·天津]—Idon'tknow________．—Becausehehastolookafterhismother.A．whyheisleavingB．whyisheleavingC．whetherheisleavingD．whetherisheleavingBA┃语法专练┃专题13┃复合句3．Ididn'tknow________theycouldpasstheexamornot.A．thatB．whatC．whichD．whether[解析]whether…ornot为固定搭配。D4．—Couldyoutellushowlong________？—Aboutthreedays.A．doesthesportsmeetinglastB．thesportsmeetinglastC．willthesportsmeetinglastD．thesportsmeetingwilllastD专题13┃复合句5．—I'mwaitingforthemail.Doyouknow________itwillarrive?—Usuallyitcomesby4：00pm.A．howB．whereC．whenD．what[解析]由答句可以判断出前句是问themail到达的时间，故选C。C6．Everyoneknowsthattheearth________aroundthesun.A．movesB．wasmovingC．movedD．ismovedA专题13┃复合句7．[2012·日照]Theseanimalsareindanger.Weshouldthink________toprotectthem.A．whatcanwedoB.whatwecandoC．howcanwedoD.howwecando[解析]本题考查宾语从句的用法。宾语从句要用陈述句序，所以排除A、C。根据句意“这些动物处于危险中，我们应该思考做些什么来保护他们”可知选B。B专题13┃复合句8．[2013·内江]Peoplearetalkingabouttheoldhouses________JackieChanboughtinAnhuitwentyyearsago.A．whichB.whereC．whoD.when9．[2013·杭州]Idon'tunderstand________thateverything'sfinewhenit'snot.A．howcanhesayB.canhesayhowC．hecansayhowD.howhecansa