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GrammarTheAttributiveClause定语从句①somesayloveisariverthatdrownsthetenderreed（淹没了娇嫩的芦苇）Somesayloveitisarazor(剃刀)thatleavesyoursoultobleedSomesayloveitisahungerandendlessaching(渴望的)needIsayloveitisaflowerandyouit’sonlyseed②It'stheheartafraidofbreakingthatneverlearnstodanceIt'sthedreamafraidofwakingthatnevertakesthechanceTheRose阿桑③It'stheonewhowon'tbetakenwhocannotseemtogiveandthesoulafraidofdyingthatneverlearnstoliveWhenthenighthasbeentoolonelyandtheroadhasbeentoolongandyouthinkthatloveisonlyfortheluckyandthestrong④Justrememberinthewinterfarbeneaththebitter(苦涩的)snowliestheseed(种子)thatwiththesun'sloveinthespringbecomestheroseThekindsofattribute(定语):1.Heisanhonestboy.2.Weloveourcountry.3.What’syourtelephonenumber?4.MarxfounditimportanttostudythesituationinRussia.5.TheforeignerwhovisitedourschoolyesterdayisfromCanada.修饰,限定Thepositionsoftheattribute:（定语的位置）1.Thisisaflowerbasket.2.Thisisabasketfullofflowers.3.ThisisabasketthatIwanttoputflowersin.（单个的词作定语时要放于被修饰词的前面，短语或从句作定语时要放于被修饰词的后面。）修饰主语、宾语、表语的句子就叫做定语从句。定语从句定语从句的位置:定语从句一定放在被修饰成分之后。e.g.Thisisthecarwhichheboughtlastyear.先行词定语从句Doyouknowtheman?Hespokejustnow.Doyouknowthemanwhospokejustnow?关系代词的作用：１．连接：引导从句，把它和主句连接起来２．替代：在从句中替代在它前面的先行词３．成分：在从句中总是充当一个句子成分引导定语从句的关系词:关系代词：who,whomwhose,which,that关系副词：when,where,whywho指人,在从句中作主语,不可省略。也可在从句中作宾语,可省略。e.g.Heistheman(who)talksalot.ThegirlisourEnglishleader.ShesitsnexttoYeYanfen.ThegirlwhositsnexttoYeYanfenisourEnglishleader.whom指人,在从句中作宾语,可省略。e.g.Doyouknowtheman(whom/who)wesawattheBeijingHotel?ThegirlisfromAmerica.Icalledherjustnow.Thegirl(whom/who)IcalledjustnowisfromAmerica.介词后只能用whomIt’smyteacherwithwhomItalkedjustnow.whose“谁的”,指人或物，从句中作定语.eg.That’sthemanwhosehousewasburneddown.Thegirlgotfirst.Herfatherhadgivenusareport.Thegirlwhosefatherhadgivenusareportgotfirst.whose+n.=the+n.+ofwhich/whomIwantaroomwhosewindowfacessouth.=Iwantaroomthewindowofwhichfacessouth.which指物,在句中作主语或宾语,作宾语时可以省略。e.g.I’mnotinterestedinthebookwhichhasjustbeenpublished.Ihavereadthenewspaper.Itcarriestheimportantnews.Ihavereadthenewspaperwhichcarriestheimportantnews.Ishowedhimtheletter.IreceiveditthismorningIshowedhimtheletter(which)Ireceivedthismorning.that指人或物，在从句中做主语或宾语,作宾语时可以省略。ThehousethatI’mgoingtobuyfacessouth.They’retalkingaboutthefilm.Ihaveseenthefilm.They’retalkingaboutthefilm(that)I’veseen.ItwaswrittenbyLaoshe.Janehasborrowedthebook.JanehasborrowedthebookthatwaswrittenbyLaoshe.限制性定语从句是大句子中不可缺少的组成部分，主句和从句之间没有逗号分开，非限制性定语从句是对主句先行次的补充说明，没有这种从句不影响主句意思的完整．一般用逗号把从句和主句分开．非限制性定语从句没有关系代词that.例如:Compare:Hehastwosons,whoworkinthesamecompany.（Hehasonlytwosons.)Hehastwosonswhoworkinthesamecompany.（Hemayhasthreesons.)限制性定语从句和非限制性从句不用which,只能用that的情况：特殊情况例子Youshouldgivemeallthatyouhave.Doyouhaveanythingthatyouwanttotellme?先行词是不定代词all,much,little,sth.,everything,anything,nothing,none,theone时先行词前有only,any,few,little,no,all,thevery(正是)等ThisistheverypersonI’mlookingfor.The+形容词最高级Thisisthebesttopicthatwecanthinkof.The+序数词WhatisthefirstEnglishfilmthatyouhaveseen?当先行词既有人又有物时Doyouknowthethingsandthepeoplethattheyaretalkingabout?当主句的主语是疑问词who或which时Whichisthebikethatyouboughtyesterday?不用that,只能用which的情况：特殊情况例子先行词是one,ones,anyone,those,he时Healwayshelpthosewhoareintouble.Hewholivesamoreactivelifegetsmoretime.不用that,只能用who的情况：特殊情况例子IlostthebikebywhichIwenttoschool.介宾结构介词提前非限制性定语从句Guangzhou,whichisthecapitalofGuangzhou,hostthe16thAsianGames.1.Thisisall____Iknowaboutthematter.A.thatB.whatC.whoD.whether2.Thelastplace_____wevisitedwastheGreatWall.A.whichB.thatC.whereD.itChoosethebestanswers:3.Pleasetakethesecondchair_______isoverthere.A.whereB.whichC.whoD.that4.Alloftheflowersnowraisedherehavedevelopedfromthose____intheforest.A.oncethegrewB.theygrewonceC.thatoncegrewD.oncegrew.5.Idon’tlike____youspeaktoher.A.thewayB.thewayinthatC.thewaywhichD.thewayofwhich1.Theman____Isawtoldmetowait.2.Themanto_____Ispokewasaforeigner.3.Iknowaboy______fatherisanacrobat.(杂技演员)4.Hesawahouse_____windowswereallbroken.Fillintheblankswithwho,whom,whose,whichandthat.Who/that/whomwhomwhosewhose5.Alltheapples____fallareeatenbywildboars.6.Canyouthinkofanyone____couldlookafterhim?7.Thisisthebesthotel____Iknow.8.Heshowedamachine_____partsaretoosmalltobeseen.thatthatthatwhose填空：1.Lookatthatlady______nameisMary.2.Heisateacher_________Ilikeverymuch.3.Thosepictures_________weredrawnbyTomarenice.4.Those_____willgototheparkstayhere.5.Thatwasallthemoney______Ihad.whosewhom/thatwhich/thatwhothat6.Tomisthefirstboy_____lefttheroom.7.Lookattheboyandhisdog_____arecomingthisway.8.Youcanreadanybook_____Ihave.9.Thatwastheyear_____IwenttoAmerica.10.wecametothetown,______westayedfor2hours.thatthatthatwhenwhereThisisthefactory.Iworkedinthefactorytenyearsago.ThisisthefactorywhereIworkedtenyearsago.Theschoolisnearapark.Mysonstudiesinthisschool.Theschoolwheremystudiesisnearapark.关系副词whereWevisitedthehouse.Lusunoncelivedinthehouse.WevisitedthehousewhereLusunoncelived.where引导的定语从句修饰表示地点的名词,并在定语从句中作地点状语,相当于“介词+关系代词(which)”。ThisisthehousewhereIlivedtwoyearsago.inwhich(=inthehouse)=Harvardisaworld-famousuniversitywhereWangAngot