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高一必修3Unit4Astronomy：thescienceofthestars常考单词、短语、写作句式大放送！Ⅰ.常考单词必背1．harmfuladj.有害的It'sharmfultoyoureyestoreadbooksinthebus.在公共汽车上看书对你的眼睛有害。[快速闪记](1)beharmfulto...对……有害(2)harmlessadj.无害的harmn.损害；伤害v.对……有害；伤害；损害2．existvi.存在；生存Nothingexistsonthemoonasthereisnowaterandnoair.月球上没有东西生存，因为那里没有水和空气。[快速闪记](1)existin存在于existon靠……生存Thereexist(s)/existed...某地有/存在……(2)existencen.存在；生存3．puzzlen.谜；难题vt.&vi.(使)迷惑；(使)为难Thepuzzledlookonherfacesuggestedshewaspuzzlingoverthepuzzlingmathproblem.她困惑的表情暗示了她正在思考那个令人困惑的数学问题。[快速闪记](1)beinapuzzle感到困惑；不知如何是好puzzleabout/over冥思苦想；苦苦思索(2)puzzlingadj.令人迷惑的puzzledadj.感到迷惑的4．pulln.&vt.拉(力)；拖；牵引力Shepulledhissleevetogethisattention.她拉拉他的袖子以引起他的注意。[快速闪记]pulldown摧毁、推翻、拆除pullin进站停靠；驶向路边(或某处)停靠pullout离站；(使)摆脱困境pullthrough恢复健康；渡过危机5．massn.质量；团；块；大量；(复)群众Ihavemassesofworktodo.我有大量工作要做。Ⅱ.高频短语必会1．intime及时；终于Luckyforhim，hewasjustintimeforthebus.幸运的是，他及时赶上了公共汽车。[快速闪记]ontime准时；按时atatime一次；每次atonetime曾经；一度；同时attimes有时；偶尔atnotime决不innotime马上；立刻2．givebirthto产生；分娩Toourgreatjoy，mysister－in－lawgavebirthtoababyboy.使我们大为高兴的是，我嫂子生了个男孩。[快速闪记]atbirth出生时bybirth天生地；生来；在血统上3．inone'sturn轮到某人；接着Whenitwasinmyturn，Iwastooexcitedtospeak.当轮到我时，我激动地都说不出话来了。[快速闪记]inturn依次；轮流；因此；因而byturns轮流；依次taketurnstodosth/indoingsth轮流做某事Itissb'sturntodosth轮到某人做某事4．prevent...(from)阻止；制止Noonecanpreventme(from)goingthere.没有人能够阻止我去那儿。[快速闪记](1)protect...from/against...保护……不受……侵袭(2)同义词：stop...(from)doing...；keep...fromdoing...5．cheerup感到高兴；感到振奋Iwrotethatsongjusttocheermyselfup.我写那首歌只是为了让自己高兴。[快速闪记]cheersbon为某人加油6．nowthat既然Nowthateveryoneishere，let'sbeginourmeeting.既然大家都到齐了，我们就开始开会吧。[快速闪记]引导原因状语从句的连词：nowthat，since，because，as，considering(that)，inthat等。7．breakout突发；爆发Somethingunexpectedalwaysbreaksoutinthisarea.在这一地区总有意想不到的事情发生。[快速闪记]breakup解散；打碎breakawayfrom...脱离……breakdown打破；坍塌；(精神、身体)垮掉breakin进入；插话breakinto强行进入(某处)；突然开始(大笑、欢呼等)8．watchout密切注视；当心；提防YoushouldwatchoutforJohn，whooftenmakesfunofothers.你应该提防约翰，他经常取笑别人。[快速闪记]watchover照看；看守lookout注意，当心takecare注意，当心becareful注意，当心Ⅲ.写作句式必学1．Theearthbecamesoviolentthatitwasnotclearwhethertheshapewouldlastornot.地球(开始)变得激烈动荡，不知道这个固体形状是否会继续存在下去。2．Whatisevenmoreimportantisthatastheearthcooleddown，waterbegantoappearonitssurface.更为重要的是当地球平静下来时，水开始在地球表面出现了。3．Thisproducedachainreaction，whichmadeitpossibleforlifetodevelop.这就产生了一个连锁反应，使生命的发展成为可能。4．Sowhetherlifewillcontinueontheearthformillionsofyearstocomewilldependonwhetherthisproblemcanbesolved.所以，在未来的数百万年中，生命能否在地球上延续取决于这个问题能否得到解决。5．Itwasnotimmediatelyobviousthatwaterwastobefundamentaltothedevelopmentoflife.水对于生命的发展会起到关键作用这一点并没有立即明朗化。6．ButwhenItriedtostepforward，IfoundIwascarriedtwiceasfarasontheearthandfellover.而当我试着向前迈步的时候，我发觉我被送出去很远，步子的跨度竟是在地球上的两倍，因而我摔倒了。短文语法填空，然后背诵短文，熟记本单元的重点词汇。ExploreMKIIMKII，aplanet__1__(billion)ofkilometersaway，istheoriginoflifeinmanyreligions.Physicistshaveprovedthetheory__2__itsgentleclimateandthepullofitsgravityaresimilarto__3__earth's.Andastronomershavefoundthatoxygenatomsandcarbondioxide，whicharefundamentaltolife，existinitsatmospherethroughsatellites.__4__(cheer)upbythisnews，biologists，intheirturn，begantodosomeresearchtoremovepeople'spuzzles—Nowthattherearesomesuitableconditions，doeslifereallyexistonthisglobe?Dotheymultiplybylayingeggsorgivingbirth__5__babies?Lastmonth，aspaceship__6__(send)there.It'sapitythatthismissionfailed.Unliketheearth，MKIIisamuch__7__(young)planet.Thus，massesof__8__(harm)acidcloudsfloateverywherecausingviolentchainreactionstobreakout.Thesecloudsnotonly__9__(block)outthepilots'sightbutalsodamagedtheenginesystem.Luckily，thepilotswatchedoutcarefullyandpreventedthespaceshipfrom__10__(crash)intime.答案：1.billions2.that3.the4.Cheered5.to6.wassent7.younger8.harmful9.blocked10.crashing