分类号:U27;U4610710-0722028硕士学位论文电动汽车复合电源研究与仿真分析杨天导师姓名职称马建教授申请学位级别工学硕士学科专业名称车辆工程论文提交日期年月日论文答辩日期年月日学位授予单位长安大学答辩委员会主席学位论文评阅人InvestigationandSimulationofCombinedEnergyStorageSystemonElectricVehicleADissertationSubmittedfortheDegreeofMasterCandidate:YangTianSupervisor:Prof.MaJianChang’anUniversity,Xi’an,China长安大学硕士学位论文论文独创性声明本人声明:本人所呈交的学位论文是在导师的指导下,独立进行研究工作所取得的成果。除论文中已经注明引用的内容外,对论文的研究做出重要贡献的个人和集体,均已在文中以明确方式标明。本论文中不包含任何未加明确注明的其他个人或集体已经公开发表的成果。本声明的法律责任由本人承担。论文作者签名:年月日论文知识产权权属声明本人在导师指导下所完成的论文及相关的职务作品,知识产权归属学校。学校享有以任何方式发表、复制、公开阅览、借阅以及申请专利等权利。本人离校后发表或使用学位论文或与该论文直接相关的学术论文或成果时,署名单位仍然为长安大学。(保密的论文在解密后应遵守此规定)论文作者签名:年月日导师签名:年月日长安大学硕士学位论文I摘要电动汽车利用车载电源驱动车辆,具有高效、节能、低噪声、零排放等显著优点,在节能和环保方面有不可比拟的优势。但是目前蓄电池技术尚未取得实质性突破,比功率低、大电流充放电困难以及循环寿命有限等缺陷使得车辆的动力性能和续驶里程都受到严重影响,制约了电动汽车的发展。超级电容作为一种新型电源,具有比功率大、充放电迅速、寿命长等优点,与蓄电池结合起来组成复合电源,能够解决单一蓄电池大电流充不进、放不出的问题,在满足车辆动力需求的同时,最大限度吸收制动能量,从而达到延长蓄电池寿命,提高车辆的动力性和燃油经济性的目的。本文以电动汽车复合电源为研究对象,首先对蓄电池、超级电容以及DC/DC变换器的工作特性进行分析研究。在充分掌握复合电源各元件特性的基础上,采用合适的建模方法分别建立蓄电池、超级电容和DC/DC仿真模型,并将它们封装应用在复合电源模型之中。接下来,根据复合电源的控制目标,本文对复合电源控制策略进行了深入研究,分别采用基于规则的门限控制和模糊控制两种方法设计了复合电源控制策略。在完成仿真参数设计的基础上,应用ADVISOR仿真平台对复合电源控制策略在不同的行驶工况下进行了仿真分析。结果表明,超级电容充分发挥了为蓄电池“削峰减谷”的作用,避免蓄电池大电流充放电,在保护蓄电池的同时有效的回收了制动能量,使复合电源在充放电性能、整车动力性以及燃油经济性方面均比单一电源有大幅提升,验证了控制策略的有效性和正确性。最后,本文对两种控制策略的控制效果进行了对比,指出与逻辑门限控制相比,模糊控制鲁棒性和实时性更优,因而更好的提升了汽车的燃油经济性。关键词:电动汽车超级电容复合电源控制策略仿真IIAbstractWiththeadvantageofhighefficiency,lownoiseandzeroemission,electricvehicles(EV)aretheleadingsolutioninautomobileindustryunderthepressureofenvironmentpollutionandgrowingoilshortagenowadays.Butduetothelimitofbatterytechnology,dynamicperformanceanddrivingrangeofEVarebadlyeffected,whichhinderthedevelopmentofEV.Well,asanewlydevelopedenergysource,Ultra-capacitorhastheadvantageofhighpowerdensity,rapidcharge&dischargeperformanceandlonglifetime,andareverysuitableforhighpowerneedsuchasacceleration,brakeandclimbingofthevehicle.CombinedEnergyStorageSystemcomposedofbatteriesandultra-capacitorscombinestheiradvantageandcannotonlymeetthevehicledynamicdemand,butalsoimproveregenerativebrakingenergyrecyclingperformance.ThispaperresearchedtheCombinedEnergyStorageSystemofEVandfirstlyanalyzedtheperformancecharacteristicsofbattery,ultra-capacitorandDC/DCconverter.Onthebasisofthat,themodelsofcomponentsofthesystemwererespectivelyestablishedusingappropriatemethodsofmodelingandthemodelswerepackedasseparatemoduleswiththeideaofusingmoduleinordertoapplytothemodelsofthesystem.AccordingtothecontrolobjectivesofCombinedEnergyStorageSystem,twomethodsofcontrolstrategies,logicalmethodandfuzzymethodarerespectivelydesigned.AfterdesigningtheparametersofCombinedEnergyStorageSystemandcyclesofroad,ADVISORareusedasasimulationplatforminordertostudytheperformanceofCombinedEnergyStorageSystem.Theresultsshowedthatultra-capacitorhadaprominenteffectof“clippedpeakandfilledchannel”forthebattery,andavoidedsharpcurrentchargeanddischargeofbattery,whichprotectedbatteryandextendeditslife.What’smore,fromtheresultofsimulation,ultra-capacitorcanprovideenergywhenelectricvehicleisacceleratingandrecoverenergywhenelectricvehicleisbraking.SoitcaneffectivelyextendthevehiclecontinueddrivingmileagesandelectricvehicleusingCombinedEnergyStorageSystemhadbetterperformanceinbothdynamicandeconomycomparedwithsingle-battery.Atlast,simulationperformanceoflogiccontrolstrategyandfuzzycontrolstrategywerecompared,thesimulationresultshowedthatfuzzycontrolstrategyhadbetterrobustnessandreal-timeability,andfueleconomywasevenbetter.Keywords:Electricvehicle;Ultra-capacitor;SynergicElectricPowerSupplySystemControlStrategySimulationI目录第一章绪论............................................................................................................................11.1引言..............................................................................................................................11.2电动汽车复合电源技术..............................................................................................21.2.1电动汽车电源概述............................................................................................21.2.2复合电源的提出及其研究意义........................................................................41.3复合电源的研究现状..................................................................................................51.3.1国外复合电源的研究现状................................................................................51.3.2国内复合电源的研究现状................................................................................51.4论文研究的主要内容..................................................................................................6第二章复合电源特性分析....................................................................................................72.1蓄电池特性分析..........................................................................................................72.1.1蓄电池的种类及性能指标................................................................................72.1.2蓄电池的充放电特性........................................................................................92.1.3蓄电池的容量特性......................................................