名词和代词精讲精练

第一讲名词和代词Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.contents一、名词1.概述2.可数名词CountableNoun3.不可数名词UncountableNoun4.名词的所有格PossessiveCase5.名词的句法功能SyntacticFunctionofNoun6.需要注意的两个问题二、代词1.概述大类次类例词ProperNounJohn,London,MexicoCommonNounCountableNounIndividualNounmap,box,storyCollectiveNounpeople,family,committee,cattle,mankind,policeUncountableNounMaterialNounwater,metal,ice,teaAbstractNounhonesty,happinessExamples1.Thestormhascaused____tothisregion.A.manydamagesB.muchdamagesC.muchdamageD.fewdamages2.Ourfamily_____nottoexchangegiftsthisyear.A.hasagreedB.haveagreedC.agreesD.hadagreed3.In10years’timeallthoseyoungsterswillbecome_____.A.grown-upB.grown-upsC.growns-upsD.growns-up4.Adozeneggs____$5nowadays.A.hascostB.costsC.costD.arecost5.LastSundaymyfamilywentto_____.A.theChild’sParkB.theChildren’sParkC.theChildren’sParksD.theChildrens’Park6.Allthe______inhospitalwillgetarisetomorrow.A.women-doctorsB.womandoctorsC.womendoctorsD.doctorsofwomencontents一、名词1.概述2.可数名词CountableNoun3.不可数名词UncountableNoun4.名词的所有格PossessiveCase5.名词的句法功能SyntacticFunctionofNoun6.需要注意的两个问题二、代词2.CountableNoun个体名词IndividualNoun集合名词CollectiveNoun单数SingularNumber复数PluralNumberRegularNounIrregularNouncontents一、名词1.概述2.可数名词CountableNoun3.不可数名词UncountableNoun4.名词的所有格PossessiveCase5.名词的句法功能SyntacticFunctionofNoun6.需要注意的两个问题二、代词Examples1.Ihavetoget_____aboutthesubjectbeforeIwritethepaper.A.afewmoreinformationsBafewmoreinformationC.alittlemoreinformationD.alittlemoreinformations2.Thesittingroomwouldbemuchimprovedifyouput____inthatcorner.A.afurnitureB.furnituresC.ApieceoffurnitureD.furnitureofpiece3.Didyouhavetopay____onthosetapes?A.customB.customsC.acustomD.twocustom4.Weshouldkeep____wherechildrencan’tgetthem.A.medicinesB.medicineC.amedicineD.medicines3.UncountableNounWhatcantheybemodifiedby?Answer:1）byUnitnoun单位词e.g.apiece(pile,heap,bagetc.)of；2）MeasureNoun度量词e.g.kilo,ton,meter,yardetc.不可数名词的两重性某些不可数名词表示物质或抽象的概念时是不可数的，但表示种类或具体事物时就成为可数的了。e.g.culture,society,value,idea,basis,structure,orientationetc.部分不可数名词加-s后，意思发生变化。e.g.air,arm,custom,force,etc.contents一、名词1.概述2.可数名词CountableNoun3.不可数名词UncountableNoun4.名词的所有格PossessiveCase5.名词的句法功能SyntacticFunctionofNoun6.需要注意的两个问题二、代词名词的所有格PossessiveCase“‘”+s表示国家、城市等地方的名词，以及表示时间、距离、度量及金钱等的名词，虽是无生命的，但是也可以用以上形式，表示所有或修饰关系。e.g.atwoweeks’holiday,theworkers’libraryof+n.e.g.thelegofthetable,theworksofMarkTwain双重所属格DoublePossessive，即n.+of+n.e.g.afriendofmybrother’stheimportanttheoryofEinsteinPossessiveCase名词所有格的绝对形式NominalPossessiveCase用于代替前面提到过后东西，相当于一个名词性的物主代词e.g.ThesebooksareMary’s.myuncle’sthebarber’sthechemist’stheSmith’s(表示家，商店或其他有关人士的处所)姓氏+-s表示“全家”，e.g.theSmiths史密斯全家contents一、名词1.概述2.可数名词CountableNoun3.不可数名词UncountableNoun4.名词的所有格PossessiveCase5.名词的句法功能SyntacticFunctionofNoun6.需要注意的两个问题二、代词Exercises:1.Iwalkedtoomuchyesterdayand____aresillachingnow.A)myleg'smusclesB)mymusclesoflegC)mylegmusclesD)mymusclesoftheleg2.Thenewspapersaysthatthegoalof_____hasbeenreached.A)thefiveyearplanB)thefive-yearplanC)five-yearsplanD)thefiveyear’splan3.It’sahardjobforaprimaryschoolstudenttowrite___composition.A)anine-thousand-wordsB)anine-thousandwordsC)anine-thousand-wordD)aninethousandwords4.Despitethewonderfulactingandwell-developedplotthe____moviecouldnotholdourattention.A)three-hoursB)three-hourC)three-hours'D)three-hour'sSyntacticFunction作主语、表语、宾语、宾补、介词宾语和同位语Appositive）等成份。充当状语，大多表示时间、距离、重量、价格、温度和倍数等。SyntacticFunction作定语。一个名词直接修饰另一个名词，表示材料、用途或内容等e.g.abloodtype,abusdriver,acolorfilm名词+-ed或名词、形容词、数词组成复合词再修饰或限定后边的名词，e.g.thebig-eyedboy,awarm-heartedperson;thefast-pacedmodernlife;athree-weekholiday名词作定语与其加-ed的形式作定语不同：前者表示性质，后者表示特征，e.g.acolorT.V.彩电acoloredT.V.彩色的电视机contents一、名词1.概述2.可数名词(CountableNoun)3.不可数名词(UncountableNoun)4.名词的所有格(PossessiveCase)5.名词的句法功能(SyntacticFunctionofNoun)6.需要注意的两个问题二、代词Examples1.Thenewspaperdidn'tmentionthe___ofthedamagecausedbythefire.A)rangeB)levelC)extentD)quantity2.SomepeoplewouldliketodoshoppingonSundayssincetheyexpecttopickupwonderful____inthemarket.A)barrelsB)batteriesC)basketsD)bargains3.ProfessorTaylor'stalkhasindicatedthatsciencehasaverystrong___ontheeverydaylifeofnon-scientistsaswellasscientists.A)motivationB)perspectiveC)impressionD)impact4.Arrivinghome,theboytoldhisparentsaboutallthe___whichoccurredinhisdormitory.A)occasionsB)mattersC)incidentsD)issues5.NothavingagoodcommandofEnglishcanbeaserious___preventingyoufromachievingyourgoals.A)obstacleB)faultC)offenseD)distressContents语意问题MeaningProblem搭配问题MatchingProblemExamples1Studentsorteacherscanparticipateinexcursionstolovelybeachesaroundtheislandatregular____.A)gapsB)rateC)lengthD)intervals2.Myfatherseemedtobeinno___tolookatmyschoolreport.A)moodB)emotionC)attitudeD)feeling3.Inprevioustimes,whenfreshmeatwasinshort___,pigeonswerekeptbymanyhouseholdsasasourceafood.A)storeB)provisionC)reserveD)supply4.Inatimeofsocialreform,people'sstateofmindtendstokeep____withtherapidchangesofsociety.A)stepB)progressC)paceD)touch5.Ihopeyour____forthejobofengineerwillbesuccessful.A)appointmentB)replyC)applicationD)responseContents语意问题MeaningProblem搭配问题MatchingProblemcontents一、名词二、代