初中实用非谓语动词口诀版

热身练习1.Theoldmenenjoy_____(listen)tothesingingofthebirdsinthepark.2.Mysisterisinterestedin_______inherfreetime.A.watchTVB.readingbooksC.listeningmusicD.playsbasketball3.Letme______(help)you_______(water)theflowers.4.Isawhim_______intothesmallstore.A.wentB.goingC.togoD.hasgone5.Heisgoodat______.A.singingB.singC.singsD.tosing非谓语动词的概念在句子中充当除谓语以外的句子成分的动词形式叫做非谓语动词它不受人称和数的限制非谓语动词分为三种形式:不定式：to+动词原形动名词：动词原形+ing分词（现在分词和过去分词）非谓语动词是每年中考的必考内容主要集中在对动词不定式和动名词的考查考点分析动名词:doing动词不定式:todo动词+doing介词+doingdoing动名词TenseandVoice（时态与语态）主动语态被动语态进行式完成式完成进行式tobedoing----------tohavedonetohavebeendonetohavebeendoing----------动词不定式在句中承担的成分:1.作主语2.作表语3.作宾语4.作宾语补足语5.作定语6.作状语Gerund一.Structure：doingNegative：notdoing二.时态和语态主动语态被动语态ing一般式完成式makingbeingmadehavingmade(不作定语）havingbeenmade(不作定语三.在句中承担的成分:1.作主语2.作宾语3.作定语4.作表语非谓语动词的类型:Participle分词-ing分词-ed分词-ing分词(以make为例)主动语态被动语态一式完成式makingbeingmadeHavingmadeHavingbeenmade主动语态被动语态一般式完成式XXXmade-ed分词分词在句中承担的成分:由于分词具有形容词性和副词性,在句子中不能充当具有名词特征的主语和宾语.成份类别主语宾语定语表语补语状语现在分词××过去分词××喜欢花费忙着想象忍不住想要结束练习enjoydoingsth.喜欢做某事spend...doingsth.花费…做某事bebusydoingsth.忙于做…imaginesb.doingsth.想象…做某事can'thelpdoingsth.忍不住做某事feellikedoingsth.想要做某事finishdoingsth.完成做某事practicedoingsth.练习做某事missdoingsth.错过做某事suggestdoingsth.建议做某事keep(on)doingsth.保持（继续）做某事minddoingsth.介意做某事beworthdoingsth.值得做某事considerdoingsth.考虑做某事错过建议保持介意值得考虑只能接-ing作宾语的动词口诀：喜欢花费忙着想象忍不住想要结束练习错过建议保持介意值得考虑（押韵）介词+doing常考介词:at,in,onof,off,for,fromup,about,withoutto等等begoodatdoingsth擅长做某事beinterestedindoingsth.对做某事感兴趣insistondoing坚持做某事beusedfordoingsth.被用来做某事thanksb.fordoingsth.谢谢某人做某事betiredofdoingsth.厌烦做某事beafraidofdoingsth.害怕做某事putoffdoing推迟做某事stopsb.fromdoingsth.阻止某人做某事giveupdoingsth.放弃做某事withoutdoingsth.没有做某事thinkaboutdoingsth.考虑做某事What∕Howaboutdoing做某事怎么样?此to非彼tolookforwardtodoingsth.（盼望）payattentiontodoingsth.（注意）beusedtodoingsth.（习惯于）preferdoingsthtodoingsth更喜欢）devotetodoingsth（致力于）makeacontributiontodoing(做贡献）小试牛刀1.Nowmoreandmorepeoplearebusy_____abouttheInternet.A.learnB.tolearnC.learningD.learned2.-It'stoohot.Wouldyoumind_____thedoor?-______.Pleasedoit.A.toopen;OKB.opening;CertainlynotC.opening;OfcourseD.toopen;Goodidea3.Nomatterhowharditis,we'llkeep_____untilwemakeit.A.failedB.failingC.triedD.trying4.-Areyouenjoying_____inNingbo?-Yes,weare.Verymuch.A.toliveB.livingC.livesD.lived5．Wecouldn’thelp_____(laugh)afterweheardthefunnystoryA.tolaughB.livingC.livesD.lived动词不定式:肯定式:todo否定式:nottodo省略to的:do动词不定式（1）基本形式：to+动词原形（在某些情况下可以不带to）（2）特点：A.没有人称和数的变化C.有时态和语态的变化（被动语态的形式为tobe+动词过去分词）B.可以有自己的宾语和状语动词不定式(3)用法：A、作主语，如Tolearnaforeignlanguageisnoteasy.=It’snoteasytolearnaforeignlanguage.注意：不定式短语作主语如果太长，常用IT作形式主语，将不定式后置。除动词be外，动词take,cost也常用于上述结构。B、作表语，如Theimportantthingistofinishtheworkontime.动词不定式作宾语C、动词+todo动词+疑问词+todo动词+it(形式宾语）+宾补+todo常见动词有agree,decide,fail,hope,wish,want,plan等Idon’tknowwhattodo.IfinditimportanttolearnEnglish.动词不定式D、作宾补动词+宾语+todo动词+宾语+doLiMeiaskedmetoshowherthenewdictionary.注：有以上结构的常用动词有tell.wish,ask,want,like,beg,invite,warn,allow,encourage,advise等。(不带to的不定式)注：常用的动词是：感官动词see,hear,feel,watch,notice；使役动词have,make,let.E、作状语可以表目的、表结果、表原因F、作定语（必须后置）动词不定式在学习动词不定式的时候还有两点要注意哦！1、在感官动词和使役动词后作宾补时，不定式要省略to,但以上词变为被动语态时，要加上to,如Ialwayssawherplayviolin.Hewasmadetowork12hoursaday.2、动词不定式的否定形式为：not+todoMr.Smithaskedtheboy___________(notplay)thiskindofgame.nottoplayPleasehavehim__________(notdo)somuchhousework.notdo只能接不定式作宾语的动词口诀：决定想做计划需要同意，能做被用来做的事迫不及待下决心做过去常常未能做的事决定想做计划需要同意，能做被用来做的事decidetodosth.决定做某事want∕wouldliketodosth.想做某事plantodosth.计划做某needtodosth.需要做某事agreetodosth.同意做某事affordtodo能做某事beusedtodo被用来做迫不及待下决心做过去常常未能做的事can’twaittodo迫不及待地要做某事makeupone’smindtodo下决心做某事usedtodo过去常常做某事failtodo未能做某事接不定式作宾语补足语的动词口诀：请求与命令想要邀请期待鼓励与建议答应告诫允许提醒和帮助请求与命令asksb.todosth.请求某人做某事tellsb.todosth.命令某人做某事想要邀请期待鼓励与建议wantsb.todosth.想要某人做某事invitesb.todosth.邀请某人做某事expectsb.todosth.期待某人做某事encouragesb.todosth.鼓励某人做某事advisesb.todosth.建议某人做某事答应告诫允许提醒和帮助promisesb.todo答应某人做某事warnsb.nottodosth.告诫某人做某事allowsb.todosth.允许某人做某事remindsb.todosth.提醒某人做某事helpsb.(to)dosth.帮助某人做某事省略to的情况:使役动词和感官动词后：一感二听三让四看feel/hear,listento/let,make,have,/lookat,see,watch,noticehadbetter（not）dosth.最好(不)做…whynot/whydon’tyoudosth为什么不做…?helpsb.（to）dosthWouldrather宁愿做…wouldyouplease情态动词+do助动词+do区分下列词组:seesb.doing/dosth.hearsb.doing/dosth.watchsb.doing/dosth.noticesb.doing/dosth.感官动词see,watch,lookat,notice,hear,listento,feel+do表示动作的完整性，+doing表示动作的进行性。注意：被动语态中不能省去to。牛刀小试1.Mymotheroftenasksme_____somecleaningonSundaysAdoB.doesC.didD.todo2.–DoyouoftenhearJohn_____inhisroom?–Listen!Nowwecanhearhim____inhisroom.A.sing,tosingB.sing,singC.sing,singingD.tosing,singing3.Iwatchedher______inthenextroomlastnight.A.dancingB.todanceC.dancesD.dance4.Let’s______swimmingaftertheexam.A.goB.goesC.togoD.went5.You’dbetter_______abus.A.tocatchB.catchC.catchesD.catching特殊词精讲:tododoingrememberforger(do在后)要做（do在前）做过stopgoon（两个字）两件事（一个字）一件事likehatelove一次性长期try尽力做尝试做startbegin一样一样stopdoing/todostoptodo停下来去做另一件事，stopdoing停止正在做的某事。Eg:他们停下来吸烟。Theystoptosmoke.我必须戒烟了Imuststopsmoking.forgettodo忘记要去做某事，forgetdoing忘记做过某事。Eg：办公室的灯还在亮着，他忘记关了。(没有做关灯的动作