16、交叉耦合滤波器设计

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苏涛西安电子科技大学,电子工程学院2008年春现代微波电路和器件设计16、交叉耦合滤波器设计RapidElliptic-FilterDesign,2002EmpoweringProfitability,AnsoftCorp.补充部分内容和讨论。关注设计策略的过程、特点和问题。Specificationstobemet•fo=400MHz•BW*=15MHz•Ripple=0.08dB•Outofbandrejection20dB*denotesripplebandwidthDesigna3DRFellipticband-passfiltercompletelyinsoftwareObtaincircuitrepresentationusingknownfiltertheory.Linkdesignparametersof3Dprototypefiltertocircuitparametersusingcalibrationprojectsrepresentingonlypartsof3Dfilter.Simulatecomplete3DfilterinHFSSuntilspecsaremet.PerformcurvefittinginAnsoftDesignertoobtaincorrectionsneeded.PrototypeLow-PassEllipticFilterResponseFiltertheory–fromlowpasstobandpassK01LCLCLCLCK01K12K23K12K14•Low-passtobandpass•Foscaledto400MHz•BWadjustedto15MHzBandpassfilterresponseEnhancedCircuitModel•Linearfrequencydependenceintroducedinimpedanceinverters.•Newtermsmallcomparedtoconstantterm,butnecessaryfordesigninsoftware.K12+d12(f/fc-1)K12+d12(f/fc-1)K01K23+d23(f/fc-1)K14+d14(f/fc-1)L1C1L2C2L2C2L1C1K01Whatfiltertheorygivesus•f1=400MHzresonantfreq.resonators1&4•f2=400MHzresonantfreq.resonators2&3•K12=0.02894couplingconstant1-2and3-4•K23=0.02863couplingconstant2-3•K14=-0.00942couplingconstant1-4•QL=29.69loadedQ,couplingtosource&load•d12=0}•d23=0}frequency-INdependentcoupling•d14=0}(fornow)•准椭圆函数和GeneralChebyshev函数综合椭圆函数同样可以得到具有带外有限传输零点的响应,而且带内和带外都具有等波纹性质,但是左右对称。对于耦合谐振腔滤波器形式,可否采用椭圆函数综合?与GeneralChebyshev函数综合有何异同点?Ansoft例子中直流响应非零的响应能够实现吗?合理吗?如何得到的耦合系数值?3阶椭圆函数综合,经过带通变换后的形式为22222212222212/1121111WkWk腔多耦合带通滤波器的增益函数为23222321321223131222223212223121322)2()(4WWRWMWMWMMMMRWRMRMMMWMRG•逼近函数,3阶椭圆函数的增益函数分子和分母相差2阶•实现结构,4腔交叉耦合带通滤波器增益函数分子分母相差4阶,做修正232121EHGn其中,是3阶准椭圆函数221222122/11331)(kkkFEn)(3E准椭圆函数的构造显然的,修正后的准椭圆函数带内没有等波纹特性,需要做出等波纹修正,此处我们采用数值修正的方法。取导数为零的点,得到(-1,1)内各点的最大,有nF注:此处得到的是近似的等波纹特性。a-1-0.50.51-1.2-1-0.8-0.6-0.4-0.23阶椭圆函数(虚线)与准椭圆函数(实线)带内曲线-4-224-80-60-40-203阶椭圆函数与准椭圆函数增益曲线4阶椭圆函数修正得到准椭圆函数222222122222212/1111)(kkkkFnn22222222212/112212441)(1)(kkkkFEn4阶椭圆函数通过舍去带外零点修正得到准椭圆函数。此时带内最大值和最小值仍然为1和-1,无需修正(但是,并不是每次波动都达到最大或最小值)。-4-224-100-80-60-40-204阶椭圆函数与准椭圆函数增益曲线-1-0.50.51-0.5-0.4-0.3-0.2-0.14阶椭圆函数(虚线)与准椭圆函数(实线)带内曲线此时,低通原型直流增益非零,与Ansoft例子雷同。椭圆函数谐振腔交叉耦合结构准椭圆函数有理分式分子分母阶数不同,椭圆函数无法使用谐振腔交叉耦合结构实现修正有理分式阶数相同PRLCC=L=R=ID=C1pFL1nHR1OhmRLC5PRLCC=L=R=ID=C1pFL1nHR1OhmRLC1PRLCC=L=R=ID=C1pFL1nHR1OhmRLC2PRLCC=L=R=ID=C1pFL1nHR1OhmRLC3TLINF0=EL=Z0=ID=_FREQ/1E6MHz90Deg1/K14OhmTL5TLINF0=EL=Z0=ID=_FREQ/1E6MHz90DegK45OhmTL4TLINF0=EL=Z0=ID=_FREQ/1E6MHz90Deg1/K34OhmTL3TLINF0=EL=Z0=ID=_FREQ/1E6MHz90Deg1/K23OhmTL2TLINF0=EL=Z0=ID=_FREQ/1E6MHz90Deg1/K12OhmTL1TLINF0=EL=Z0=ID=_FREQ/1E6MHz90DegK01OhmTL7PORTZ=P=50Ohm1PORTZ=P=50Ohm2CAD原理电路设计380390400410420430-50-40-30-20-100394396398402404406-0.25-0.2-0.15-0.1-0.05jWRjMjMjMjWjMjMjWjMjMjMjWR341434232312141200000075.00285.00306.0814.24,0403.0142312MMMQRLBasicresonator•Cavity20×20×200mm•Metalwalls,airinside•MetalcylinderR=5mm•Cylinderstandsoncavityfloor,doesnottouchceiling.•Cylinderlengthisvariedtotunetheresonance.•Irisesinwalls,notshownhere,willprovidecouplingtootherresonators.EllipticFilter,basicdesignL1L2D1423170-175mm170-175mmDiskdistance0.6-0.7mmEllipticfilter,basicdesignII•Allirisheights100mm•W12=W34W14W12W231423CalibrationProjects•6variablesin3Ddesign.•3calibrationprojectsusedtorelategeometrytocircuitparameters.23W2L确定2腔和3腔之间的耦合孔宽度和腔内导体棒高度确定1腔和4腔之间的耦合窗口宽度W14,耦合圆盘的直径D和腔内导体的高度L1修正腔1和腔2之间耦合窗口的大小123Ansoft滤波器设计实例模型参数化输出变量的设定参数扫描和优化11、建立41*41*200mm的滤波器腔体;2、中间十字型隔板,厚度1mm;3、耦合窗口大小立方体,高100mm,宽W23,厚度穿过隔板;4、隔板减去耦合窗口大小立方体;5、腔体减去隔板。•建立一个滤波器腔体的“内胆”(Ansoft默认外界面为PEC)•建立长度为L2的金属棒在2腔和3腔的中心建立长度为L2的金属棒•设定工程类型、解和输出变量1、设定工程类型为EigenMode;2、设定解3、设定输出变量f01和f02;4、设定输出变量f0和K23。•参数扫描1、设定参数W23扫描,8mm-2mm-14mm;2、设定参数L2扫描,170mm-5mm-190mm。•参数优化1、设定优化代价函数cost;2、设定优化。PML的设定有载Q值的计算2•PML的设置•有载Q值计算fffQLIm2ImRe223严格意义上讲,这两腔结构不同,不能应用对称结构的公式;但是,用该公式修正,比原有尺寸要好;All-0.2-0.15-0.1-0.0500.050.10.15-80-70-60-50-40-30-20-100-0.04-0.03-0.02-0.0100.010.020.030.04-0.14-0.12-0.1-0.08-0.06-0.04-0.020Firstfilter–eigenfrequencies•Resultsfromcalibrationprojectsusedtomodelcompletefilter.•Firstiterationnotcenteredat400MHz.NeedstobeshiftedCorrectedfirstfilter•L12andL23adjustedtocenterresponseon400MHz.•AsymmetryinshoulderheightduetofrequencydependentcouplingfactorsCorrectedfirstfilter•F0andBWveryclose•DoNOTsee3equalripplesof0.08dB!Curvefitting•CurvefittingresultsOriginaltargets•f1=399.93MHz400MHz•f2=400.10MHz400MHz•K12=0.031220.02894•K23=0.028190.02863•K14=-0.00930-0.00942•QL=28.4329.69•d12=-0.0082}•d23=-0.0410}werezeroincircuit•d14=0.0363}•AnsoftDesignerusedtocurvefitidealprototypecircuittoHFSSresults.•K12toolargeW12adjusted(causesF0shift)L1,L2adjustedSecondfilterChangethegoals!!•Curvefittingshowsthatwehaved12=-0.0004d23=-0.0405d14=0.0405•Furtherimprovementnotpossiblewithd12=d14=d23=0.•Newcircuitparametersbasedonnonzerod-factorsareneeded.•Desiredpointsi

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