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赣南医学院《英语修辞学》试卷(A)参考答案（2010——2011学年度第一学期2010年11月16日）I.Explainthefollowingtermswithappropriateexamples.(2pointsforeach,10points)1．Alliterationisextremelypopularwithbothpoetsandwriters.Inthisdevicethesameconsonantsoundisrepeatedatintervalsintheinitialpositionofwords,asin“mad-Marchdays”or“acargoofTypecoal”.2．Simileisafigureofspeechwhichmakesacomparisonbetweentwounlikeelementshavingatleastonequalityorcharacteristicincommon.3．Ironyisafigureofspeechthatachievesemphasisbysayingtheoppositeofwhatismeant,theintendedmeaningofthewordsbeingtheoppositeoftheirusualsense.4．TransferredEpithet,asitsnameimplies,afigureofspeechwhereanepithet(anadjectiveordescriptivephrase)istransferredfromthenounitshouldrightlymodifytoanothertowhichitdoesnotreallybelong.5．Personificationisafigureofspeechthatgiveshumanformorfeelingstoanimals,orlifeandpersonalattributestoinanimateobjects,ortoideasandabstractions.II.Identifythefigureofspeechusedinthefollowingsentences.(1pointforeach,60points)6.parallelism7.simile8.metaphor9.punning10.analogy11.simile12.antithesis13.personification14.metonymy15.synecdoche16.syllepsis17.zeugma18.oxymoron19.repetition20.metaphor21.hyperbole22.simile23.understatement24.transferredepithet25.allusions26.parallelism27.antithesis28.paradox29.chiasmus30.climax31.anti-climax32.palindrome33．Euphemism34.apostrophe35.anadiplosis36.alliteration37.assonance38.onomatopoeia39.simile40.metaphor41.personification42.Metonymy43.synecdoche44.syllepsis45.zeugma46.oxymoron47.hyperbole48.understatement49.euphemism50.irony51.palindrome52.transferredepithet53.paradox54.punning55.repetition56.Metonymy57.allusions58.antithesis59.anti-climax60.Euphemism61.transferredepithet62.punning63.Antithesis64.simile65.allusionsⅢ.Pointoutthefiguresofspeechusedinthefollowingsentences.Direction:thereareatleasttwofiguresofspeechineachsentence.(4pointsforeach,20points)66.hyperbole,climax67.hyperbole,metonymy,antithesis68.hyperbole,metaphor,syllepsis69.parallelism,repetition70.simile,repetition,parallelism,assonance,consonanceⅣ.Answerthequestionsbriefly.71.GiveabriefaccountofthesourcesofEnglishallusions.(4points)a.Nurseryrhymesb.Fairytales,myths,legendsandfables(1.fairytales,andEnglishlegends;2.Greekmythology;3.fables)c.TheBible(1.Theoldtestament;2.Thenewtestament;3.AllusionsfromChrist’sparables)d.EnglishandAmericanFictione.historicaleventsandfiguresf.modernandcontemporarysources72.Somepeopleconsiderzeugmaasasub-categoryofsyllepsis.Doyouagreewiththem?Whyorwhynot?Whataretherhetoricalfeaturesofsyllepsisandzeugma?(6points)Inaway,zeugmaissimilartosyllepsis:theybothinvolveakeywordthatisusedtomodifyorgoverntwoormorewordsinthesentence.Thisaccountsforsomepeopleconsideringzeugmaasubtypeofsyllepsis.Infact,thedifferencebetweensyllepsisandzeugmaisevident:thekeywordinsyllepsisusuallyreferscorrectlytobothorallthewordsitmodifiesorgoverns,while,inzeugma,thekeywordrefersincorrectlytoatleastoneofthem.Peoplefindthis“wrong”collocationacceptable,becausethewrongcollocationfollowsorprecedesthecorrectone(s)socloselythatitcatcheslittleattentionoftheaudience.