司爱侠张强华宋德富张美兰编著《计算机英语实用教程》电子教案☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆Unit6OperatingSystemsIntroduction【教学目的】○LearnabouttheEnglishtermsofOperatingSystems:OS(操作系统),general-purposeoperatingsystem(通用操作系统),inputsensors(输入传感器),single-useroperatingsystem(单用户操作系统),multi-useroperatingsystem(多用户操作系统),Operatingsysteminterfaces(操作系统界面),multi-taskingoperatingsystem(多任务操作系统)andetc.○Improvethestudents’abilitytounderstandthelonganddifficultsentencesinthetext.○Masterthekeylanguagepointsandgrammaticalstructuresinthetext.○consolidatethetechnicaltermsandimportantprofessionalphrasebydoingexercises.【教学重点难点】○Importanttechnicalterms:OS(operatingsystem操作系统),general-purposeoperatingsystem(通用操作系统),inputsensors(输入传感器),single-useroperatingsystem(单用户操作系统),multi-useroperatingsystem(多用户操作系统),Operatingsysteminterfaces(操作系统界面),multi-taskingoperatingsystem(多任务操作系统)○Difficultsentences:1.Theseterminalssenttheircommandstothemainmulti-usercomputerforprocessing,andtheresultswerethendisplayedontheassociatedterminalmonitorscreen.2.Devicesthatareserialinnature(deviceswhichcanonlybeusedbyoneuseratatime,likeprintersanddisks)mustbesharedamongstallthoserequestingthem(sothatalltheoutputdocumentsarenotjumbledup).3.Instead,documentsaresenttoaqueue,andeachdocumentisprintedinitsentiretybeforethenextdocumenttobeprintedisretrievedfromthequeue.4.Sincetheresourcesareshared,theyaremorelikelytobeinusethansittingidlebeingunproductive.○ReviewtheimportantpointsofessentialEnglish1.initialize2.poweron【教学步骤】StepOneReadandexplainTextAtothestudentsandaskthestudentstokeepinmindthefollowingprofessionalterms:司爱侠张强华宋德富张美兰编著《计算机英语实用教程》电子教案☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆1.OS(operatingsystem操作系统):Anoperatingsystem(OS)isacollectionofsystemprogramsthattogethercontroltheoperationofacomputersystem.2.general-purposeoperatingsystem(通用操作系统):WindowsNTWorkstationisknownasageneral-purposeoperatingsystem.3.inputsensor(输入传感器):Asinputsensors,theyarenormallyusedtosenseinformationfromthepersonusingthesysteme.g.thebuttonsonkitchenappliances.Oncethehardwareinitializationwascomplete,theoperatingsystemwouldenteracontinualmonitoringroutineofalltheinputsensors.4.single-useroperatingsystem(单用户操作系统):Inessence,asingle-useroperatingsystemprovidesaccesstothecomputersystembyasingleuseratatime.5.multi-useroperatingsystem(多用户操作系统):Amulti-useroperatingsystemletsmorethanoneuseraccessthecomputersystematonetime.6.operatingsysteminterface(操作系统界面):Theoperatingsystemprovideseachuserwithaninterfacethataccepts,interpretsandexecutesusercommandsorprograms.7.multi-taskingoperatingsystem(多任务操作系统):Amulti-taskingoperatingsystemprovidestheabilitytorunmorethanoneprogramatonce.StepTwoHelpthestudentstoanalyzethefollowinglongdifficultsentences:1.Theseterminalssenttheircommandstothemainmulti-usercomputerforprocessing,andtheresultswerethendisplayedontheassociatedterminalmonitorscreen.and连接两个并列句,先说“这些终端给多用户主机发送处理命令”,再说“其结果会显示在相连的终端显示屏上”。2.Devicesthatareserialinnature(deviceswhichcanonlybeusedbyoneuseratatime,likeprintersanddisks)mustbesharedamongstallthoserequestingthem(sothatalltheoutputdocumentsarenotjumbledup).主语devices后的定语从句把它与动词mustbesharedamong…分割,从句中的serialinnature用括号加了注释,即就是“那些每次只能一个人使用的设备,譬如打印机,磁盘等”;besharedamongstallthoserequestingthem“所有提出要求的计算机都能够享用”;最后括号中表示的意思是“这样所有的输出文档就不会混乱”。全句的参考译文:“这些设备实际上是串行的(这些设备一次只能让一个用户使用,如打印机和磁盘),必须被所有请求这些设备的计算机分享(这样所有的输出文档就不会混乱)”。3.Instead,documentsaresenttoaqueue,andeachdocumentisprintedinitsentiretybeforethenextdocumenttobeprintedisretrievedfromthequeue.本句的难点在before从句,从句中的主语是thenextdocumenttobeprinted,其中后置被动态不定式表示将来,要译作“即将打印的下一个文档”;被动态动词isretrievedfromthequeue为“从队列中检索到/找到”。全句的译文:相反,这些文档发送到一个队列,每个文档在下一个要打印的文档从队列中检索之前就被完整打印。司爱侠张强华宋德富张美兰编著《计算机英语实用教程》电子教案☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆4.Sincetheresourcesareshared,theyaremorelikelytobeinusethansittingidlebeingunproductive.beinuse“被使用”或“在使用中”;morelikelytodosth.thansittingidle“非常可能忙于做某事,而不是闲置没事”;beingunproductive补充说明。全句的参考译文:“因为资源被分享,它们就更可能被使用,而不是空置浪费”。StepThreeReviewtheimportantidiomsofessentialEnglish1.initialize:1)assignaninitialvaluetoacomputerprogram赋予计算机程序起始的价值;使初始化2)divide(adisk)intomarkedsectorssothatitmaystoredata将磁盘格式化便于储存数据;使格式化文中的短语或例句:programsthatinitializethehardwareofthecomputersystem.将计算机系统硬件初始化的软件Oneoftheseprogramswouldgaincontrolofthecomputersystemwhenitispoweredon,andinitializethesystem.计算机一打开,其中的一个软件将会控制其系统,并将系统初始化。Initialize的名词是initialization,请看本文的一个例句:Oncethehardwareinitializationwascomplete,theoperatingsystemwouldenteracontinualmonitoringroutineofalltheinputsensors.一旦硬件的初始化完成,操作系统就会进入对所有的输入传感器的连续监控程序。2.poweron:一个及物短语动词。Power本身可以作vt:tosupplyenergytoamachineandmakeitwork“给机器供电使它运转”。poweron表示开始供电的瞬间,因此常译成“打开”或“启动”,常用被动语态,如本文的例句:Oneoftheseprogramswouldgaincontrolofthecomputersystemwhenitispoweredon,andinitializethesystem.计算机一打开,其中的一个软件将会控制其系统,并将系统初始化。StepFourTextB难句解析1.SomeOSesincorporatethewindowmanagerintotheirowninternalcode,butmanydonotforreasonsofefficiency.“有些操作系统把window管理程序合并到自身内部的编码中,但很多操作系统并不这样做,原因出自考虑功效”。2.RegistryAlarge,constantly