延续性动词和非延续性动词

延续性动词和非延续性动词延续性动词是指表示能够延续的动作。如：study,work,stand,walk,keep,have,wait,watch,sing,read,sleep,live,stay等。☆延续性动词可以与表示时间段的状语连用。表示时间段的短语有:for+时间,for2years;since从句,sincehecamehere;since+时间点名词,sincelastyear,since5daysago;howlong;foralongtime等。非延续性动词这类动词也可称为终止性动词、短暂性动词、瞬间动词、点动词，表示的动作不能延续，即动作发生后立即结束。☆非延续性动词表示的动作极其短暂，不能持续。因此，不可与表示一段时间的状语连用(只限肯定式)。如：(1)他已经死了三年了。误：Hehasdiedforthreeyears.正：Hehasbeendeadforthreeyears.正：Hediedthreeyearsago.正：Itisthreeyearssincehedied.正：Threeyearshaspassedsincehedied.(2)他来这儿五天了。误：Hehascomehereforfivedays.正：Hehasbeenhereforfivedays.正：Hecameherefivedaysago.正：Itisfivedayssincehecamehere.正：Fivedayshaspassedsincehecamehere.两者的转换：leave---beaway,borrow---keep,buy---have,begin/start---beon,die---bedead,fallill---beillfinish---beoveropensth---keepsthopen,getup---beup,comehere---behere,gothere---bethere,fallasleep---beasleepbecome---be,comeback---beback,gettoknow---know,go(get)out→beout，puton→wearcatchacold→haveacoldmarry/getmarried---bemarried等例:Theoldmandied4yearsago.----Theoldmanhasbeendeadfor4years.----Itis4yearssincetheoldmandied.----Fouryearshaspassedsincetheoldmandied.练习题用过去时或现在完成时填空：1.________you_________(have)lunchyet?When_______you_________(have)it?I_______(have)itathalfpasteleven.2._________you__________(write)alettertoyourauntyet?Yes,I___________.I________________(write)onelastweek.3.“_________he___________(finish)hishomework?”“Notyet.”4._________theyever__________(be)abroad?5.Yourfather_________just___________(finish)hiswork.6.Myfather_________(finish)hisworkjustnow.短暂性动词转换为延续性动词①arriveat/in→bein1)HearrivedinBeijingfiveminutesago.He__________________________Beijingfor__________________.2)ImovedtotheUSAlastyear.I__________________________theUSAsince____________________.3)Iwenthomeyesterday.I________________________homefor___________________.4)Theycameherelastweek.They__________________heresince___________________.②come/goback,return→bebackcomegoout→beout1)Hecameouttwoyearsago.He____________________________for____________________.2)WereturntoFuzhouyesterday.We_________________________toFuzhousince__________.③become→be1)Ibecameateacherin2000.I__________________ateacherfor__________________.2)Theriverbecamedirtylastyear.Theriver__________________dirtyfor___________________.④close→beclosedopen→beopen1)Theshopclosedtwohoursago.Theshop__________________________for__________________.2)Thedooropenedatsixinthemorning.Thedoor________________________forsixhours.⑤getup→beup；die→bedead；leave→beawayfromfallasleep/gettosleep→beasleep；finish/end→beover；marry→bemarried；1)Igotuptwohoursago.I________________________since________________.2)HeleftFuzhoujustnow.He________________________________Fuzhouforfiveminutes.3)Mygrandpadiedin2002.Mygrandpa______________________for_______________.4)Themeetingfinishedatsix.Themeeting____________________forsixhours.5)Igottosleeptwohoursago.I__________________________since__________________.6)Theymarriedin1990.They___________________________since_________.⑥start/begintodosth.→dosth.；begin→beon1)Ibegantoteachatthisschoolin1995.I________atthisschoolsince____.2)Thefilmbegantwominutesago.Thefilm____________for________.⑦borrow→keep；buy→have；puton→wearcatch/getacold→haveacold；gettoknow→know1)Theyborroweditlastweek.They__________________itsince____________________.2)Iboughtapentwohoursago.I__________________apenfor__________________.3)Igottoknowhimlastyear.I______________himsince____________________.4)Iputonmyglassesthreeyearsago.I____________________myglassesfor__________________.⑧have/hasgoneto→havebeeninHehasgonetoBeijing.He_____________Beijingfortwodays.翻译句子：1.我以前从来没去过那个农场。________________________________________2.他已经吃过午饭了。______________________________________________3.你已经看过这部电影了吗？_________________________________________4.这本字典我已买了三年了。___________________________________________5.他离开中国三年了。______________________________________________6.他们来到中国已经10年了。___________________________________________7.自从他搬到上海，他就住这儿了。_____________________________________