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20055X(,200120):20056,:::;;;;:D996:A:16722769X(2005)0520005212EstablishingaUniformInternationalSystemofJurisdictionandRecognition&EnforcementofForeignJudgmentsCommentsontheHagueConventiononChoiceofCourtAgreementsXuGuojian(Boss&YoungAttorneysatLaw,Shanghai200120,China)Abstract:ConventiononChoiceofCourtAgreementswhichwaspassedbytheHagueCon2ferenceonPrivateInternationalLawinJune,2005isthemostsignificantconventiontodateintheinternationalcommunityinareasofjurisdictionofcourtsandrecognitionandenforcementoffor2eignjudgments.Atthestart,thispaperintroducesabackgroundoftheConventionanditsstruc2ture.Later,theauthorengagesinsomedetailedanalysesandcommentsontheConventionrulesontheuniformjurisdiction,therightsandobligationsofchosencourtstoexercisejurisdiction,theobligationsofcourtsnotchosentorefrainfromexercisingjurisdiction,andtheexceptiontotheap2plicationoftheConventionforinterimmeasuresofprotection.OntheConventionrulesontherecognitionandenforcementofforeignjudgments,theauthorperformsadiscussionfromthefol2lowingsixaspects:ageneralobligationtorecognizeandenforceforeignjudgments,exceptionstothegeneralruleofrecognitionandenforcementofforeignjudgments,noreviewandfact2finding,preliminaryquestions,damages,andchoiceoflawintherecognitionandenforcementofforeignjudgments.5X2005208225(19622),,,,,,Keywords:PrivateInternationallaw;HagueConference;ConventiononChoiceofCourtA2greements;jurisdictionofcourt;recognitionandenforcementofaforeignjudgment202005630,,199611893,2,,1988()1979(),(vonMehren)19912,,3,19921041992,199618,19976199910,,(1999),,,,20005,,,,2001619,,,1999,,::,,5,,20021612345MasatoDogauchi,TrevorC.Hartley,PreliminaryDraftConventiononExclusiveChoiceofCourtAgreements:DraftReport,Pre2liminaryDocumentNo25ofMarch2004,HagueConferenceonPrivateInternationalLaw,Page4().C.R.EinsteinandAlexanderPhipps,TrendsinInternationalCommercialLitigation,PartII,2TheFutureofForeignJudgmentEnforce2mentLaw,PraxisdesInternationalenPrivat2undVerfahrensrechts(IPRax),2005,(4):368.J.P.H.Donner2005628GeorgesA.L.Droz,ACommentontheRoleoftheHagueConferenceonPrivateInternationalLaw(1994)57(3)LawandCon2temporaryProblems3at3.:,;,,,6,,(BusinesstoBusinesstransactions)7200561463020843,9,,,(Strucken)34438,,,11,,,8,76789:(,)()()()()Mrs.PatriciaFerreira()WorkingDocumentNo1,HagueConferenceonPrivateInternationalLaw,May14th,2005.SpecialCommissiononJurisdiction,RecognitionandEnforcementofForeignJudgmentsinCivilandCommercialMatters,DraftonEx2clusiveChoiceofCourtAgreements,WorkingDocumentNo110E,HagueConferenceonPrivateInternationalLaw,May2004().2002-,2002541,,,1998,1999520-536,,,200096-107(1):,,,,,,3,,,,(objectivedocumentationmethod)1011(afunctionalequivalenttopaper),12,,,(maximumrequirement),,13,,,,,:,,,,,,,,,1,(civilorcommercialmatters),,,,,20141181011121314SpecialCommissiononJurisdiction,RecognitionandEnforcementofForeignJudgmentsinCivilandCommercialMatters,DraftonEx2clusiveChoiceofCourtAgreements,WorkingDocumentNo110E,HagueConferenceonPrivateInternationalLaw,May2004().,2005620(2),6,2005620(2),17Wagner,2005620(2),83c)evidenced,,,documented,(4),,(3b)),,22,15,,,,,,1,2,20,2,,,21,4,22,,,,,,,22k)16,,23,,,,,,(171):,22,17,,,2221,,,18,,,(safetyvalve),,19,91516171819Sabo,2005623(15),322,2005622(14),357(InternationalAssociationofInsurance)17CommissionIIofJurisdiction,RecognitionandEnforcementofForeignJudgmentsinCivilandCommercialMattersof20thSession,WorkingDocumentNo64,Distribution:25thJune,2005.CommissionIIofJurisdiction,RecognitionandEnforcementofForeignJudgmentsinCivilandCommercialMattersof20thSession,WorkingDocumentNo18,Distribution:17thJune2005.CommissionIIofJurisdiction,RecognitionandEnforcementofForeignJudgmentsinCivilandCommercialMattersof20thSession,WorkingDocumentNo78E&F,Distribution:28thJune2005,Page4.,20,21,,,,22,,(),,,,,,22,,,,323,,,24,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,51:,,,,,,,,(issuesofsubstance),3c),,,3c)2553,,01202122232425,2005615(3),9,(5),51,,3,,,,,52,,2005615(3),7212,321Mr.Kovar:(21)21,,,,,26,,,,:27(),6:,,,,,,,,,,,,,(6a)),,(6b)),,,,,,,,,,(manifestinjustice)(veryseriousinjustice),(veryseriousinjustice)(manifestinjustice)28,,,(manifestinjustice)(manifestincompatibility),29,,,,30,,,(6e))(),112627282930WorkingDocumentNo9,Distribution:15thJune20056c),WorkingDocumentNo8,Distribution:15thJune2005,2005615(4),9,WorkingDocumentNo9,Distribution:15thJune2005.,2005615(4),6,2005615(4),5,(WorkingDocumentNo2,Distribution:14thJune2005),,,,,,,(7),,(interiminjunction)(anti2suitinjunction)31,,,Hartley,,,32,,,,(),(81)(keyprovision),33(thechapeu),,,34,,,,9,41,(themerits),,(),,,,12,(JudicialSettlements),(83),(enforceability)35,,(84)213132333435MasatoDogauchiandTrevorC.Hartley,36PreliminarydraftConventiononExclusiveChoiceofCourtAgreementspreparedbytheSpecialCommissionofApril2004withpossiblemodificationspreparedbytheDraftingCommitteeatitsmeetingfrom18220April2005.WorkingDocumentNo.1,Distribu2tion:June2005.MasatoDogauchiandTrevorC.Hartley,DraftReportonPreliminaryDraftConventiononExclusiveChoiceofCourtAgreements,PreliminaryDocumentNo.26ofDecember2004,Pag