大气中挥发性有机化合物VOCs的人为来源研究

26520065ActaScientiaeCircumstantiaeVo.l26,No.5May,2006:(No.40075027)SupportedbytheationalScientificFoundationofChina(No.40075027):(1967)),,;*(),E-mai:[e-mail]:LUSihua(1967)),female,Seniorengineer;*Correspondingauthor,E-mai:[e-mail],,,.2006.(VOCs)[J].,26(5):757-763LuSH,BaiYH,ZhangGS,etal.2006.Sourceapportionmentofanthropogenicemissionsofvolatileorganiccompounds[J].ActaScientiaeCircumstantiae,26(5):757-763(VOCs)陆思华*,白郁华,张广山,李湉湉北京大学环境学院,环境模拟与污染控制国家联合重点实验室,北京100871:2005-08-01:2006-03-23:2006-03-28:2002,CMB8.0,:62%,9%,10%,6%,6%,6%.,,,2,4-.:;;CMB;:0253-2468(2006)05-0757-07:X511:ASourceapportionmentofanthropogenicemissionsofvolatileorganiccompoundsLUSihua*,BAIYuhua,ZHANGGuangshan,LITiantianStateKeyJointLaboratoryofEnvironmentalSimulationandPollutionContro,lCollegeofEnvironmentalSciences,PekingUniversity,Beijing100871Received1August2005;receivedinrevisedform23March2006;accepted28March2006Abstract:ThecharacteristicsoftheVOCsinambientairatdifferentseasonsin2002wasinvestigatedinthisstudy.Thechemicalmassbalance(CMB)receptormodelwasappliedtoestimatethecontributionofthedifferentVOCssourcetoambientpollution.AccordingtotheCMBresults,themajorsourcesannualaverageofVOCSforthereceptorwere:vehicleexhaust62%;gasolinevapor9%;liquefiedpetroleumgas10%;paint6%,petrochemicalindustry6%andunidentifiedsource6%.ApportionmentforthemostabundantindividualVOCsshowedthatthevehicularsourcewasthemajorcontributortoethene,benzeneandtoluene,whilegasolinevapor,liquefiedpetroleumgas,paintandpetrochemicalindustrywerethemajorsourcecontributortoi-pantane,i-butane,n-hexaneand2,4-dimethylpentanerespectivelyKeywords:VOCs;sourceprofile;CMBreceptormode;lcontribution,,.(VOCs).VOCs,,.,.,,(CMB).,CMB.1984Watson,,,.CMB(Watson,1984a).VOCs,,CMB(Watsonetal.,2001a;Fujitaetal.,2001;1995;1994;Scheffetal.,1993;Mugicaetal.,2002).VOCs26.,CMB8.0(Watsonetal.,2001b),VOCs.1(Methodology)1.1实验方法3.5L,,,3.,,,,.,,0.2MPa,,.Varian3400,(,2003).,.,,300m.2002456101245VOCs,.,VOCs,.1.1VOCsTable1VOCsemissionsources90#93#97#90#93#97#,(,2002)(Watsonetal.,2001a)1.2模型运行1.2.1模型基本原理及输入输出参数,,,.:Ci=EJj=1Fij#Sji=1,2,,,I(1),Cii;J;Fijji();Sjj.,IJ,,Sj..(Fujitaetal.,1994).,:R(c)=((2@MDL)2+(CV@C)2)1/2(2),MDLGC-FID,CV,C:.0.1%,,0.1%,:R=(MDL2+(CV@w)2)1/2(3),w.,(R2)(Chi2)(PercentMass),0.8~1.00~4.080%~120%.1.2.2源成分谱及拟合组分选取2,,.,,,,,.7585:(VOCs),..,OH#,(Atkinson,2000)..2(Results)56VOCs,.(,2002;Watsonetal.,2001a).2.2VOCsTable2VOCssourceprofiles5.74%?2.62%0.09%?0.03%0.45%?0.14%0.08%?0.06%2.06%?0.41%0?0.06%4.97%?2.16%0.09%?0.03%0.47%?0.12%0.07%?0.06%17.90%?3.58%0?0.06%0.44%?0.41%0.06%?0.03%0.08%?0.06%0.02%?0.06%0?0.06%0?0.06%3.91%?1.73%0.66%?0.24%19.11%?4.28%0.36%?0.10%0.60%?0.12%0?0.06%1.74%?0.80%0.33%?0.13%3.68%?0.17%0.12%?0.03%0?0.06%0?0.06%1.76%?0.63%4.42%?1.45%16.26%?3.24%0.10%?0.03%0?0.06%0?0.06%/1-1.92%?0.50%2.93%?0.94%23.10%?2.55%0.08%?0.06%1.09%?0.21%0?0.06%2.53%?0.78%6.07%?1.84%8.42%?0.57%0.15%?0.05%1.09%?0.21%0?0.06%-2-0.91%?0.34%3.26%?1.04%8.47%?1.34%0.01%?0.06%0.60%?0.12%0?0.06%-2-0.82%?0.33%3.18%?0.97%7.44%?2.21%0.01%?0.06%0.48%?0.09%0?0.06%3--1-0.29%?0.14%1.13%?0.32%0.16%?0.22%0?0.06%0?0.06%0?0.06%6.08%?2.60%22.96%?6.27%0.79%?0.19%2.03%?0.57%1.57%?0.30%0?0.06%1-0.57%?0.21%2.17%?0.70%0.24%?0.23%0.31%?0.12%2.30%?0.45%0?0.06%2--1-0.85%?0.21%3.97%?1.23%0.32%?0.31%0.20%?0.04%0?0.06%0?0.06%1.47%?0.29%5.16%?1.60%0.96%?0.97%1.12%?0.41%3.63%?0.72%0?0.06%0.43%?0.14%0.16%?0.06%0.60%?0.35%0.20%?0.08%0.36%?0.07%100?20-2-1.07%?0.40%4.21%?1.37%0.12%?0.09%0.04%?0.06%0.48%?0.09%0?0.06%-2-0.64%?0.24%2.26%?0.73%0.11%?0.04%0.08%?0.06%0?0.06%0?0.06%2--2-1.53%?0.59%5.77%?1.82%0.16%?0.04%0.05%?0.06%0?0.06%0?0.06%2,2-0.27%?0.13%0.66%?0.17%0.03%?0.06%0.06%?0.06%0.12%?0.06%0?0.06%0.16%?0.06%0.51%?0.15%0.04%?0.06%0?0.06%0.12%?0.06%0?0.06%0.16%?0.07%0.49%?0.12%0.02%?0.06%0.02%?0.06%0?0.06%0?0.06%4--1-0.23%?0.07%0.48%?0.15%0.02%?0.06%0.01%?0.06%0.24%?0.05%0?0.06%2,3-0.57%?0.42%1.57%?0.22%0.04%?0.06%0.15%?0.03%0.12%?0.06%0?0.06%2-2.65%?0.81%5.62%?1.27%0.29%?0.08%0.42%?0.07%0.85%?0.17%0?0.06%3-1.55%?0.53%3.24%?0.72%0.21%?0.04%0.45%?0.09%0.12%?0.05%0?0.06%2--1-0.34%?0.18%0.68%?0.18%0.05%?0.06%0?0.06%0?0.06%0?0.06%1.15%?0.46%1.85%?0.47%0.12%?0.06%15.75%?4.00%1.09%?0.21%0?0.06%-2-0.35%?0.09%0.87%?0.19%0.02%?0.06%0?0.06%0.36%?0.07%0?0.06%-2-0.25%?0.10%0.46%?0.10%0.03%?0.06%0.34%?0.15%0.36%?0.07%0?0.06%759261.06%?0.28%1.37%?0.23%0.28%?0.20%4.13%?1.30%0.48%?0.09%0?0.06%2,4-0.33%?0.12%0.31%?0.11%0.02%?0.06%0.53%?0.22%10.16%?2.32%0?0.06%5.01%?2.85%1.79%?0.52%0.78%?0.13%18.97%?6.14%4.84%?0.96%0?0.06%0.57%?0.38%0.26%?0.02%0.27%?0.27%3.64%?1.01%0.48%?0.10%0?0.06%2-/2,3-1.59%?0.42%1.69%?0.36%0.53%?0.47%2.44%?0.88%11.12%?2.22%0?0.06%3-1.31%?0.30%1.46%?0.09%0.67%?0.64%1.95%?0.37%1.45%?0.29%0?0.06%2,2,4-0.46%?0.23%0.44%?0.05%0.07%?0.06%0.46%?0.10%0.24%?0.04%0?0.06%1.11%?0.36%0.84%?0.06%0.13%?0.01%0.91%?0.30%0.36%?0.07%0?0.06%0.62%?0.19%0.41%?0.06%0.08%?0.06%1.26%?0.43%0.97%?0.19%0?0.06%2,3,4-0.18%?0.14%0.30%?0.01%0.09%?0.07%0.14%?0.04%3.02%?0.60%0?0.06%8.00%?3.04%2.78%?0.55%0.70%?0.13%12.32%?2.63%15.48%?3.08%0?0.06