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NOTEBOOKArchitecturalconstructionPENDRIVEPENDRIVEPENDRIVEPENDRIVEPENDRIVEPENDRIVEFramestructureFrameshearwallstructureBentstructureShearwallstructureArchitecturalconstructionTubestructure5432101Framestructure框架结构Theframestructurereferstothestructureofthebearingsystem,whichisformedbytheconnectionofLiangHezhuwithsteelbar,whichisthehorizontalloadandverticalloadwhichappearinthecourseoftheuseofLiangHezhu.Thehousingwallframestructurenotonlyplaystheload-bearing,surroundingandseparatingeffect,generaluseofaeratedconcrete,prefabricatedexpandedperlite,porousbrick,hollowbrickorpumice,vermiculite,ceramsitelightweightmasonryorplateassembly.FramestructureFramestructure框架结构是指由梁和柱以钢筋相连接而成，构成承重体系的结构，即由梁和柱组成框架共同抵抗使用过程中出现的水平荷载和竖向荷载。框架结构的房屋墙体不承重，仅起到围护和分隔作用，一般用预制的加气混凝土、膨胀珍珠岩、空心砖或多孔砖、浮石、蛭石、陶粒等轻质板材砌筑或装配而成。Framestructurecalledframedstructure.Accordingtotheframeworkofthehousespansasingleormultispandividedbylayers;singleandmulti-layer;compositionisdividedintosymmetricandasymmetricaccordingtoelevation;intermsofmaterialintothesteelframeandconcreteframe,woodframeorsteelframeandreinforcedconcretemixture.Oneofthemostcommonlyusedistheconcreteframe(castasawhole,assembly,assemblyasawhole,canalsobeappliedinaccordancewiththeneedtostress,mainlyonthebeamorplate),steelframe.Assemblingandassemblingconcreteframeandsteelframearesuitableforlargescaleindustrialconstruction,withhighefficiencyandgoodquality.FramestructureFramestructure框架结构又称构架式结构。房屋的框架按跨数分有单跨、多跨；按层数分有单层、多层；按立面构成分为对称、不对称；按所用材料分为钢框架、混凝土框架、胶合木结构框架或钢与钢筋混凝土混合框架等。其中最常用的是混凝土框架（现浇整体式、装配式、装配整体式，也可根据需要施加预应力，主要是对梁或板）、钢框架。装配式、装配整体式混凝土框架和钢框架适合大规模工业化施工，效率较高，工程质量较好。02Frameshearwallstructure框架-剪力墙结构Properpositionintheframestructurewithreinforcedconcreteshearwalltoformacertainnumberofframeandshearwallwithframeshearwallsystemisreferredtoasframeshearwallstogetherunderverticalandhorizontalforcesystem.FrameshearwallstructureFrameshearwallstructure在框架结构中的适当部位增设一定数量的钢筋混凝土剪力墙，形成的框架和剪力墙结合在一起共同承受竖向和水平力的体系叫做框架-剪力墙体系简称框-剪体系。Thelateralframeshearwallsystemstiffnessthantheframestructure,mostofthehorizontalforcesbornebytheshearwall,andtheverticalloadismainlycomposedofaframewhichbear,high-risebuildingframestructurethanintermsofstressismorereasonable;atthesametimebecauseitisonlypartofshearwallintheposition,theframestructureiseasytomaintaintheadvantagesofsegmentationspace,facadeiseasytochange;inaddition,theseismicperformanceofthissystemisgood.SystemcharacteristicsFrameshearwallstructure体系特点：框架-剪力墙体系的侧向刚度比框架结构大，大部分水平力由剪力墙承担，而竖向荷载主要由框架承受，因而用于高层房屋比框架结构在受力方面更为合理；同时由于它只在部份位置上有剪力墙，保持了框架结构易于分割空间、立面易于变化等优点；此外，这种体系的抗震性能也较好。StresscharacteristicsMechanicalcharacteristicsofframeshearstructure,iscomposedofframeandshearwallstructurewithtwodifferentlateralforceresistingmembersofthenewforce,soitisdifferentfrompureframeinframestructureframe,frameshearwallshearwallstructureisdifferentfromthepureinshearwallstructure.受力特点：框剪结构的受力特点，是由框架和剪力墙结构两种不同的抗侧力构件组成的新的受力形式，所以它的框架不同于纯框架结构中的框架，框剪结构中的剪力墙也不同于纯剪力墙结构中的剪力墙。Frame-shearsystemiswidelyusedinmulti-storeyandhigh-riseofficebuildings,hotelsandotherbuildings.Theheightis25to15,generallynotmorethan30layers.Application应用：框-剪体系广泛应用于多层及高层办公楼、旅馆等建筑中。适用高度为15～25层，一般不宜超过30层。03Bentstructure排架结构Bentstructureiscomposedofrooforroofbeamscolumnsfoundations;Thestigmaishingedwiththepedestalandfoundationrigidroofframe;Bentstructure:accordingtotheproductionprocessandtheuseofrequirements,theframecanbemadeofsinglespanandmultispan(a),canalsobemadeofhigh,rangingfromhigh(b)andzigzag(c),etc.Spanofupto30m,heightofupto30mabove,thecranetonnageofupto150tBentstructureBentstructure排架结构由屋架或屋面梁、柱、基础组成；柱头与屋架铰接，柱脚与基础刚接；排架结构的类型：根据生产工艺与使用要求，排架可做成单跨和多跨(a)，亦可做成等高、不等高(b)和锯齿形(c)等跨度可达30m，高度可达30m以上，吊车吨位可达150t以上Thetransferofclear,simplestructure,isconducivetotherealizationofdesignstandardization,productionandconstructionofcomponentsandconstructionmechanization,improvethelevelofconstructionindustrialization.BentstructurecharacteristicsBentstructure排架结构特点：传力明确，构造简单，有利于实现设计标准化、构件生产工业化以及施工机械化，提高建筑工业化水平。04Shearwallstructure剪力墙结构Shearwallstructure含义：利用建筑物墙体作为承受竖向荷载、抵抗水平荷载的结构，称为剪力墙结构适用范围：较小开间的住宅及旅馆建筑，高层建筑。Asthestructureofthewallofthebuildingsubjectedtoverticalloadandhorizontalload,thestructureofthebuildingiscalledtheshearwallstructure.1.MeaningSmallBayresidentialandhotelbuildings,high-risebuilding.2.ApplicablescopeShearwallstructureTheadvantagesofgoodintegrity,highstiffness,thelowerhorizontalloadtosmalldeformation,bearingcapacity(strength)iseasytomeet,intheroomwithoutbeamsexposed.1.Advantagesshearwallspacingcannotbetoolarge,thelayoutisnotflexible,cannotmeettherequirementsoftheuseofpublicbuildings,structuralweightisoftenlarger.2.ShortcomingsCharacteristics优点:整体性好，刚度大，在水平荷载作用下侧向变形小，承载力(强度)要求也容易满足，房间内无梁柱外露。缺点:剪力墙间距不能太大，平面布置不灵活，不能满足公共建筑的使用要求,结构自重往往也较大。05Tubestructure筒体结构Thetubestructurehastheadvantagesofbeautifulappearance,flexibleuse,reasonablestress,strongintegrityandsoon.Thetubestructureincludesframedtubeandtubeintubebundle,tubestructureandframetubestructure,whereintheframecoretubestructurehavethebarrel,buttherearegreatdifferencesbetweenthecompositiona