名词性从句主语从句和宾语从句

名词性从句名词性从句:名词性从句在功能上相当于名词Hisjobisimportant主语{Whathedoesisimportant.Idon’tlikehisjob.宾语{Idon’tlikewhathedoeseveryday.Thisishisjob.表语{Thisiswhathedoeseveryday.Idon’tknowabouttheman,Mr.White.同位语{Idon’tknowaboutthefactthatheisMr.White.名词性从句主语从句宾语从句表语从句同位语从句主语从句在句中做------宾语从句在句中做------表语从句在句中做------同位语从句在句中-----主语宾语表语同位语1.Thathewillcomeiscertain.2.Iknowthathewillcome.3.ThetruthisthatIhavebeenthere.4.Thefactthatshewaslatesurprisedus.主语从句宾语从句表语从句同位语从句SubjectclauseObjectclausePredicativeclauseAppositiveclause主语从句thatwhetherwhowhomwhosewhatwhichwhenwherewhyhow从句引导词:1.ThatheknowsJapaneseisknowntoall.3.Whenhewillcomeisunknown.4.Whetherheiscomingdoesn’tmattermuch.5.Itremainsasecrethowtheyclimbedupthemountain.主语太长了!放到句尾That无词义,不可省略What“什么”,“所….的”2.Whatsurprisedmewastoseehimhere.When“什么时候”主语从句不用if位于句首主语从句的位置1.在句首2.主语较长时通常放在后面,句首主语用Ita.It+be+形容词+that-从句Itisnecessarythat…有必要……Itisimportantthat…重要的是……Itisobviousthat…很明显……b.It+be+-ed分词+that-从句Itisbelievedthat…人们相信……Itisknowntoallthat…从所周知……Ithasbeendecidedthat…已决定……c.It+be+名词+that-从句Itiscommonknowledgethat………是常识Itisasurprisethat…令人惊奇的是……Itisafactthat…事实是……d.It+不及物动词+that-从句Itappearsthat…似乎……Ithappensthat…碰巧……Itoccurredtomethat…我突然想起……注意：用it作形式主语的that-从句有以下几组：1.真可惜我们不能去游泳.2.碰巧那天我外出了.3.他考试肯定会考好.4.据说他已告诉了她一切.注意:Itlookedthathewasright.(×)可以说:Itlooksasif….happen只有it句型Itissaid只有it句型Itisapitythatwecan’tgoswimming.Itissaidthathetoldhereverything.IthappenedthatIwasoutthatday.Itiscertainthathewilldowellintheexam.宾语从句从句(同主语从句),增加if,可与whether引导词:互换,但不与ornot连用1.Theypretended(that)theyknewhowtodoit.2.Shesaid(that)shecouldn’ttellmeandthatIcouldn’tunderstand.宾语从句并列时,只省略第一个that4.Everythingdependsonwhetherwehaveenoughtime.(if)if/whether表示“是否”可以互换,四种情况用whether:1.在介词后面2.与ornot连用3.在主语从句,表语从句,同位语从句中4后面跟不定式5.Idon’tknowwhetherhewillcomeornot.(if)6.Thequestioniswhetherhewillagree.(if)宾语从句经常做介词的宾语1.TheSwedestoodstill,except_____hislipsmovedslightly.2.Sheisnotsatisfiedwith____shehasachieved.3.Maryalwaysthinksof____shecandomorefortheclass.4.Hewrotealetterofthanksto______helpedhim.5.Itdependsonifwehaveenoughtime.whetherwehaveenoughtime.介词后面不用ifthatwhathowwhoever6.Areyousorryforwhichyouhavedone?whatyouhavedone?介词后面不用which宾语从句经常作表语形容词的宾语1.I’mafraid(that)I’llbelate.2.Weweresurprisedthathewaslost.此类表语形容词有:afraidpleasedhappysatisfiedanxioussuresurprisedcertaingladaware用它们造句that从句只跟在except,but,in,besides,四个介词后面1.1Wehavemadethataforeignlanguageisusefulweaponinthestruggleoflifeclear.(改用形式宾语it)英语有句尾重心的原则IconsiderthatweshouldlearnEnglishwellnecessary.Weconsiderhersuitableforthejob.句尾太轻宾语宾补considerfindthinkfeelmake等动词常带宾语补足语,这时要用形式宾语it,宾语从句放到宾补之后Wehavemadeitclearthataforeignlanguageisusefulweaponinthestruggleoflife.IconsideritnecessarythatweshouldlearnEnglishwellit不能漏correction1.Theemperorwaspleasedbywhichtheministertoldhimaboutit.2.Areyousorryforthatyouhaveannoyedhim?3.Ifindthatthisshouldbekeptsecretforthetimebeingnecessary.4.Canyoudoubtifshewillsucceed?5.Iworriedaboutifmybrotherwillreturnintime.6.Shesaidthatshehasnevertoldalie.7.WillyoutellmewhenheleavesforParis?8.OurfootballteamwonthematchlastSundayexcitedallofus.9.Itlookedthathewaswellpreparedfortheunexpectedchallenge.10.Thathesaidmovedeveryonepresent.whatitnecessarythatthisshouldbekeptsecretforthetimebeingthatshewillsucceed?whethermybrotherwillreturnintime.hadwillleaveforParis?ThatourfootballteamwonthematchlastSundayexcitedallofusWhatItseemedwhich不做介词宾语句尾重心从句缺少引导词that不做句子成分没有Itlookthat…表达式找出下列句子中的错误，并总结出规律：1.Canyoutellmehowmanystudentsarethereinyourclass?2.Idon'tknowwherehashegone.3.Theowneroftheshopcametoseewhatthematterwas.therearehehaswhatwasthematter.规律一：名词性从句中须使用陈述语序！找出下列句子中的错误，并总结出规律：1.Ithinkthatworthwhilethatwespentsomuchmoneyonthesebooks.2.Thatishardtodecidewhenandwherewewillheldoursportsmeeting.3.Everybodyconsidersitimpossiblewhichhewantstofinishthejobinsuchashorttime.4.Itdoesn’tmatterthatyouwillcomeornot.ititthatwhether规律二：主语从句和宾语从句在适当的情况下可以借助“it”而后置。问题：想想看是什么“适当的情况”？名词性从句试题集锦1.Iaskher_______comewithme.A.ifshewillB.ifwillsheC.whetherwillsheD.willshe2._______hesaidistrue.A.WhatB.ThatC.WhichD.Whether3.Canyoutellme________?A.whoisthatgentlemanB.thatgentlemaniswhoC.whothatgentlemanisD.whomisthatgentleman4.Hedidn'tknowwhichroom_______.A.theylivedB.theylivedinC.didtheyliveD.didtheyliveinThankyou