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HomeworkChecking•WhatisHeroicCouplet?•1、押尾韵对偶句•2、韵尾为AABBCCDD......不重复•3、五音步抑扬格•poemsconstructedfromrhymedcoupletof5accentsiniambicmeter.•《简史》p.26MeticalRhythmofTheCanterburyTales•AssoonasAprilpiecestotheroot-/-/-/-/-/ThedroughtofMarch,andbatheseachbudandshoot-/-/-/-/-/Througheveryveinofsapwithgentleshowers-/-/-/-/-/Fromwhoseengenderingliquorspringtheflowers-/-/-/-/-/Iambicpentameter•五步抑扬格Historicalbackground•1.theHundredYearsWar(1337–1453):awakenationalconsciousnessinEngland.FrenchwasgraduallyreplacedbyEnglishnativetongue.•2.TheBlackDeath(1348-1350)killed30%to60%ofEurope'spopulation•3.thepeasantuprisingof1381:theconflictbetweenthepeasantsandfeudallords.•4.1360-1400thesummitofMiddleEnglishLiterature.Content•I.Chaucer’sLife•II.Chaucer’sLiteraryCareer•III.TheCanterburyTales•IV.Chaucer’sContributionI.Chaucer’sLife(1343-1400)•thefounder(father)ofEnglishpoetry•thefatherofEnglishLiterature•founderofEnglishrealism•thefirststorytellerandthefirstmodernpoetinEnglishliteratureI.Chaucer’sLife(1343-1400)•Bornin1343asthesonofaprosperouswinemerchantinLondon.•MostprobablyeducatedinOxfordandCambridge.•In1357GeoffreyisfoundintheserviceofElizabeth,CountessofUlster•In1359,WenttoFranceat19ononeofthecampaignsoftheHundredYears’War.•SenttoItalyondiplomaticmissions.•In1373,AppointedcontrollerofCustomsatLondon.•In1386,electedasMPbutdismissedsoon•Diedin1400,firstpoetburiedinWestminsterAbbey.famousItalianwritersoftheRenaissanceperiod•DanteAlighieri1265-1321但丁•Commedia/DivineComedy《神曲》•GiovanniBoccaccio1313-1375薄伽丘•Decameron《十日谈》•FrancescoPetrarca1304-1374•IlCanzoniere《歌集》WestminsterAbbey&Poets'CornerII.Chaucer’sLiteraryCareer•TheFrenchperiod1360s-1372•TheBookoftheDuchess《公爵夫人之书》•TheRomanceoftheRose《玫瑰传奇》•TheItalianperiod1372-1386•TroilusandCriseyde《特罗勒斯与克丽西德》•TheEnglishperiod1386-1400•TheCanterburyTales《坎特伯雷故事集》HismasterpieceandoneofthemonumentalworksinEnglishliteratureIII.TheCanterburyTalesTheCanterburyCathedral•CanterburyisahistoricEnglishcathedralcity•cathedralisaChristianchurchwhichcontainstheseatofabishop,thusservingasthecentralchurchofadiocese,conference,orepiscopate.III.TheCanterburyTales•acollectionofstories•spring•theTabardInn•29/30pilgrims•pilgrimagetoreligiousshrineCanterbury•120/124storise•24storiesfinishedTheOutlineandthePrologueTabard(泰巴客店)29(30)pilgrims,toCanterbury24storieswrittenAllmajortypesofmedievalliteratureOutlineoftheStoryThePrologue(序诗)aframeworkforthetalesvividsketchesoftypicalfiguresfromallwalksoflifeTheProloguesuppliesaminiature(小画像)oftheEnglishsocietyofthetimeThePrologue(开场白)•InTheGeneralPrologue,Chaucerintroducesthecharactersandestablishestheframeworkofthepoem.•TheprologuesuppliesaminiatureoftheEnglishsocietyofChaucer’stime.ThePrologue(开场白)•Thethirtypilgrimsrangefromtheknightandsquireandprioress（女修道院院长）,throughthelandedproprietorandwealthytrademan,tothedrunkencookandhumbleplowman（农夫）.•Therearealsoadoctorandalawyer,monksofdifferentordersandnunsandpriests,andasummoner（法庭传讯者）,asailor,amiller,acarpenter,ayeoman,andanOxfordscholar.•Finally,inthecenterofthegroupistheWifeofBath,theownerofalargecloth-factory.ChaucerTheprioressTheKnightTheOxfordClerkTheWifeofBathTheMonkTheSquireThePardonerSummonerTheFriar行乞修道士TheMillerThePrologue•WheninAprilthesweetshowersfall•当四月温柔的甘霖普降•ThatpiercethedroughtofMarchtotherootandall•浸润三月每寸干旱封疆•Theveinsarebathedinliquorofsuchpower•把大地上生灵万物滋养•Asbringsabouttheengenderingoftheflower;•它的力量催得百花芬芳•WhenalsoZephyruswithhissweetbreath,•和煦西风携带甜蜜气息•Exhalesanairineverygroveandheath,•泽被一片片丛林和荒地•Uponthetendershoots,andtheyoungsun•赐予给它们青春及生命•Hishalf-courseinthesignoftheRamhasrun,•朝升的太阳奔跑过半程•Andthesmallfowlaremakingmelody•鸟雀啁啾，欢唱爱情•Thatsleepawaythenightwithopeneye•让沉寂的黑夜张开眼睛•(SoNaturepricksthemandtheirheartengages)•自然在撩拨众生的情怀•Thenpeoplelongtogoonpilgrimages,•心存敬仰之人将去朝拜•Andpalmerslongtoseethestrangestrands,•人们踏上通向天国之路•Offar-offsaints,hallowedinsundrylands.•前往著名的遥远圣域•Andspecially,fromeveryshire’end•他们在每一处村落集聚•OfEngland,downtoCanterburytheywend,•从英格兰到坎特伯雷去•Toseektheholyblissfulmartyr,quick•朝觐身受福泽的殉道者•Togivehishelptothemwhentheyweresick•他曾护佑过广大受难者•Ithappenedinthatseasonthatoneday•就在这时节，就在其中的一天，•InSouthwark,atTheTabard,asIlay•我正住在萨瑟克的泰巴旅店，•Readytogoonpilgrimagesandstart•已经满心虔诚地准备好登程，•ForCanterbury,mostdevoutatheart,•专诚去坎特伯雷那地方朝圣。•Atnighttherecameintothathostelry•在那天傍晚，有二十九位旅客•Somenineandtwentyinacompany•来到了这客店，他们形形色色，•Ofsundryfolkhappeningthentofall•全都是在路上彼此萍水相逢，•Infellowship,andtheywerepilgrimsall•全都是跨着坐骑要前去朝圣，•ThattowardsCanterburymeanttoride•而坎特伯雷是他们去的地方。•Theroomsandstablesoftheinnwerewide;•旅店的房间和马厩都很宽敞，•Theymadeuseasy,allwasofthebest,•把我们个个安顿得十分舒适。•And,briefly,whenthesunhadgonetorest,•不久后太阳从地平线上消失，•I’dspokentothemalluponthetrip•我同他们每个人都作了交谈，•Andwassoononewiththeminfellowship,•很快就成了他们当中的一员。•Pledgedtoriseearlyandtotaketheway•大家约定来日上路要起个早，•ToCanterbury,asyouheardmesay.•而路上的情形，下面我会说到。•Butnonetheless,whileIhavetimeandspace,•但是既然我有很充裕的时间，•Beforemystorytakesafurtherpace,•在我进一步细述这故事之前，•Itseemsareasonablethingtosay•我觉得比较合情合理的做法•Whattheirconditionwas,thefullarray•是根据我对他们各人的观察，•Ofeachofthem,asitappearedtome,•把我看到的