ving做定语和状语

【Learningaims】1.Learnabouttheusageofthev-ingformasAttributeandAdverbial.2.Learnhowtouseit.3.Makesureyoucanputthemintouse.【课前预习】判断V-ing形式在句子中所做的成分1.Cominglateforschoolisabadhabit.2.Weshouldavoidcominglateforschool.3.Thebadweatherkeepstheflightcominglate.4.Theyareexciting.5.Afterhalfanhourofwaitingfortheirflighttoarrive,Isawseveralyoungpeopleenterthewaitingarealookingaroundcouriously.6.Shesteppedbackappearingsurprisedandputupherhands,asifindefence.7.WhenDarleneCoulonfromFrancecamedashingthroughthedoor,sherecognizedTonyGarcia’ssmilingface.状语状语定语【课内探究】动词--ing形式作定语和状语I.v-ing形式作定语1.现在分词作前置定语时，在逻辑上与所修饰的名词之间为主谓关系，也可改成定语从句；如果与所修饰的名词之间没有主谓关系，定语相当于一个介词for引导的短语。现在分词位于所修饰的名词之后做后置定语，与所修饰的名词之间呈逻辑上的主谓关系，相当于一个定语从句。如：alisteningchild=achildwhoislistening,awalkingstick=astickforwalking.2.现在分词作定语往往表示“令人……”，主动的或正在进行的动作。如：amovingfilm,adevelopingcountry.II.V-ing形式作状语1.现在分词作状语时,分词的逻辑主语必须是句子的主语,分词必须和句中的主语含有逻辑上的主谓关系,否则不能用现在分词作状语。但要注意它的各种形式变化:e.g.Hearingthebell,thestudentsbegantoentertheclassroom.听见铃声,学生们开始走进教室。(听见和进入两个动作同时发生)Thebuildingbeingbuiltnowisournewlibrary.现在正在建造的这栋楼房室我们的新图书馆。(beingbuilt为现在分词的被动形式,表示动作正在进行之中)完成了工作,他就回家了。_____________________________________.Havingfinishedthework,hewenthome.2.现在分词在句中作状语,修饰谓语动词或整个句子,表示动作发生的原因、时间、方式、结果、条件、伴随状况等。现在分词一般不用作表目的地状语(通常用不定式表目的地状语)。Walkinginthestreet,Icameacrossanoldfriendofmine.(=WhenIwaswalkinginthestreet,Icameacrossanoldfriendofmine.)Waitingforthebus,hereadacopyofChinaDaily.(=Whilewaitingforthebus,hereadacopyofChinaDaily.)1)表时间状语2)表原因状语Beingill,hedidn’tgotoschool.(=ashewasill,hedidn’tgotoschool.)Beingastudent,youshouldstudyhard.(=Sinceyouareastudent,youshouldstudyhard.)既然你是一个学生,你就应该努力学习。由于想到它或许在家,所以我就给他打了电话。Thinkinghemightbeathome,Icalledhim.(AsIthoughthemightbeathome,Icalledhim.)3)表方式、伴随情况的状语:作伴随状语的分词表示的动作,必须是主语的一个动作,或是与谓语所表示的动作(或状态)同时发生,或是对谓语表示的动词(或状态)作进一步地补充说明。e.g.Hesatonthesofa,watchingTV.(=Hesatonthesofa,andwatchedTV.)他们笑着谈着走进了教室。_____________________,theywentintotheclassroom.他斜靠(lean)着墙站着。Hestoodleaningagainstthewall.(＝Hestoodandleanedagainstthewall.)Laughingandtalking4)表结果e.g.Hermotherdiedin1990,leavingherwithheryoungerbrother.(=Hermotherdiedin1990,andleftherwithheryoungerbrother.)全国到处在传唱这首歌曲,使它成了一首最受欢迎的歌曲。Thesongissungalloverthecountry,________________________________.makingitthemostpopularsong5)表条件Usingyourhead,youwillfindaway.(=Ifyouuseyourhead,youwillfindaway.)一直往前走,你就会看到一座白色地房子。______________,youwillseeawhitehouse.Walkingahead6)与逻辑主语构成独立主格:Iwaitingforthebus,abirdfellonmyheard．我等汽车时,一只鸟落到我头上。Alltheticketshavingbeensoldout,theywentawaydisappointedly.所有的票已经卖光了,他们失望地离开了。Timepermitting,we'lldoanothertwoexercises.如果时间允许,我们将做另两个练习。有时也可用with(without)+名词(代词宾格)+分词形式。Withthelightsburning,hefellasleep.他点着灯睡着了。7)作独立成分:Judgingfrom(by)hisappearance,hemustbeanactor.从外表看,他一定是个演员。1.Itrainedheavilyinthesouth，__________seriousfloodinginseveralprovinces.（2010天津）A.causedB.havingcausedC.causingD.tocause2._________atmyclassmates'faces,Ireadthesameexcitementintheireyes.（2010北京）A.LookingB.LookC.TolookD.Looked3.TheretiredmandonatedmostofhissavingstotheschooldamagedbytheearthquakeinYushu,________thestudentstoreturntotheirclassrooms.（2010江苏）A.enablingB.havingenabledC.toenableD.tohaveenabledcAA4Theladywalkedaroundtheshops,_______aneyeoutforbargains.（2010江西）AkeepBkeptCkeepingDtokeep5.Lotsofrescueworkerswereworkingaroundtheclock,_________suppliestoYushu,Qinghaiprovinceaftertheearthquake.（2010福建）A.sendingB.tosendC.havingsentD.tohavesent6.Hehadawonderfulchildhood，_______withhismothertoallcornersoftheworld.(2010安徽)A.travelB.totravel.C.traveledD.travelingCAD7.Dina,________formonthstofindajobasawaitress,finallytookapositionatalocaladvertisingagency.（2010湖南）A.strugglingB.struggledC.havingstruggledD.tostruggle8.Thelawyerlistenedwithfullattention，_______tomissanypoint．（2010四川）A．nottryingB．tryingnotC．totrynotD．nottotryCB9.Thenewsshockedthepublic,_______togreatconcernaboutstudents’safetyatschool.（2010重庆）A.havingledB.ledC.leadingD.tolead10.—Comeon,pleasegivemesomeideasabouttheproject.—Sorry.Withsomuchwork__________mymind,Ialmostbreakdown.(2007年福建卷）A.filledB.fillingC.tofillD.beingfilledCB1.Havingnotseenthefilm,Ican’ttellyouwhatIthinkofit.2.Themenworkedforextrahoursgotanextrapay.3.Seenfromthetopofthehill,wefindthecitymorebeautiful.4.Generallyspeak,facialexpressionsarehelpfulcommunications,too.NothavingworkingSeeingspeaking单句改错5.“Can’tyouread?”themansaid,angrilypointedtothenoticeonthewall.6.Knockingatthedoorbeforeentering,please.7.Europeanfootballisplayedin80countries,madeitthemostpopularsportintheworld.pointingKnockmaking