FinalexamPart1ComprehensiveCheck(15*2)每课的练习APart2MultipleChoice(25*1)每课的练习E复习题的变体;另外请中看第五章Part3E-CTranslation(10*1)每课的练习CPart4Term-matching(10*1)Part5Multiplefunction(5*5)其中三道是简答题,两道是案例分析。Terms/questions:1.Economicglobalization:theintegrationofnationaleconomiesintotheinternationaleconomythroughtrade,foreigndirectinvestment,capitalflows,migration,andthespreadoftechnology.2.Barbersystem–Farmingcommunitiestradedtheirsurplusproduceinexchangeforproductsandserviceswithoutthemediumofmoney.–Humansocietyhasalwaystradedgoodsacrossgreatdistances.3.Globalvillage:realtimeevents、thetimeandspacecompression–Allthedifferentpartsoftheworldformonecommunitylinkedtogetherbyelectroniccommunications,especiallytheInternet.4.Melting-pot大熔炉:asocio-culturalassimilationofpeopleofdifferentbackgroundsandnationalities.5.Diversity:referstothemixofpeoplefromvariousbackgroundsinthelaborforcewithafullmixofculturesandsub-culturestowhichmembersbelong.6.Interculturalcommunication:refertocommunicationbetweenpeoplewhoseculturalbackgroundsaredistinctenoughtoaltertheircommunicationevent.Perception7.Culture:canbeenseenassharedknowledge,whatpeopleneedtoknowinordertoactappropriatelyinagivenculture.Culture:alearnedsetofsharedinterpretationsaboutbeliefs,values,andnorms,whichaffectthebehaviorofarelativelylargegroupofpeople8.Enculturation(文化习得):alltheactivitiesoflearningone’sculturearecalledenculturation9.Acculturation(文化适应):theprocesswhichadoptsthechangesbroughtaboutbyanothercultureanddevelopsanincreasedsimilaritybetweenthetwocultures.10.Ethnocentric(文化中心主义):thebeliefthatyourownculturalbackgroundissuperior.11.Communication:meantosharewithortomakecommon,asingivingtoanotherapartorshareofyourthoughts,hopes,andknowledge.12.ComponentsofCommunication:Source交际邀请Thesourceisthepersonwithanideaheorshedesirestocommunicate.Encoding编码Unfortunately(orperhapsfortunately),humansarenotabletosharethoughtsdirectly.Yourcommunicationisintheformofasymbolrepresentingtheideayoudesiretocommunicate.Encodingistheprocessofputtinganideaintoasymbol.Message编码信息Thetermmessageidentifiestheencodedthought.Encodingistheprocess,theverb;themessageistheresultingobject.Channel交际渠道Thetermchannelisusedtechnicallytorefertothemeansbywhichtheencodedmessageistransmitted.Thechannelormedium,then,maybeprint,electronic,orthelightandsoundwavesoftheface-to-facecommunication.Noise干扰Thetermnoisetechnicallyreferstoanythingthatdistortsthemessagethesourceencodes.Receiver交际接受Thereceiveristhepersonwhoattendstothemessage.Decoding解码Decodingistheoppositeprocessofencodingandjustasmuchanactiveprocess.Thereceiverisactivelyinvolvedinthecommunicationprocessbyassigningmeaningtothesymbolsreceived.Receiverresponse接受反应Thereceiveristhepersonwhoattendstothemessage.Receiverresponsereferstoanythingthereceiverdoesafterhavingattendedtoanddecodedthemessage.Feedback反馈Feedbackreferstothatportionofthereceiverresponseofwhichthesourcehasknowledgeandtowhichthesourceattendsandassignsmeaning.Context场景Thefinalcomponentofcommunicationiscontext.Generally,contextcanbedefinedastheenvironmentinwhichthecommunicationtakesplaceandwhichhelpsdefinethecommunication.13.Pragmatics语用学:thestudyoftheeffectthatlanguagehasonhumanperceptionsandbehavior.14.Semantics语义学:asystemthatassociateswordstomeaning.Itisthestudyofthemeaningofwords.15.Denotation:theliteralmeaningordefinitionofaword---theexplicit,particular,definedmeaning.16.Connotation:thesuggestivemeaningofaword---allthevalues,judgment,andbeliefsimpliedbyawordthehistoricalandassociativeaccretionoftheunspokensignificancebehindtheliteralmeaning.17.Taboo禁忌语:referstosomeobjects,wordsoractionsthatareavoidedbyaparticulargroupofpeople,orincertaincultureforreligiousorsocialreasons.18.Euphemism委婉语:meanstheactofsubstitutingamild,indirect,orvaguetermforoneconsideredharsh,blunt,oroffensive.19.Chronemics(时间学):Thestudyofhowpeopleperceiveandusetime.20.Proxemics(空间学):referstotheperceptionanduseofspace.21.kinesics(肢体语言):Thestudyofbodylanguage.22.Paralanguage(副语言):Involvingsoundsbutnotwordandlyingbetweenverbalandnonverbalcommunication.23.Monochronictime一元时间观念:meanspayingattentiontoanddoingonlyonethingatatime.24.Polychronictime多元时间观念:meansbeinginvolvedwithmanythingsatonce25.Planetaryculture行星文化:isexplored,whichintegratesEasternmysticismwithWesternscienceandrationalism.26.Interculturalpersonhood(跨文化人格):Representssomeonewhosecognitive,affective,andbehavioralcharacteristicsarenotlimitedbutopentogrowthbeyondthepsychologicalparametersofhisorherownculture.1.Whatarethefourtrendsthatleadtothedevelopmentoftheglobalvillage?P8~9Fourtrendsthatleadtothedevelopmentoftheglobalvillage:Convenienttransportationsystems/Innovativecommunicationsystems/Economicglobalization/Widespreadmigrations2.Whatarethethreeaspectswhereculturaldifferencesexist?Verbaldifference:language,thoughtpatterns…Non-verbalcommunication:body-language,timeconcept,spaciouslanguage,paralanguage,environment…Perception:values,worldviews,beliefs,attitudes3.Whatarethreeingredientsofculture?文化的三个成分(threeIngredients)P5~6Ansharedartifact(thematerialandspiritualproductspeopleprodu