初中虚拟语气

Grammar—theSubjunctiveMood英语动词有三种语气:陈述语气，祈使语气和虚拟语气陈述语气：用来表示所说的话是事实或提出疑问，广泛用语陈述句，疑问句和感叹句。祈使语气：表示所说的话是请求，命令，指示或劝告等。虚拟语气：表示说话人的所说的话不是事实，一种假设、猜测、怀疑等(在条件从句中或让步状语从句中)；一种表示说话人的愿望、要求、命令、建议等(在宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句)。Eg:Wemetinthisroom.陈述语气DocometothemeetingnextFriday.祈使语气IfIwereyou,Iwouldstudyhard.虚拟语气一：虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的用法.条件句有真实条件句和非真实条件句两种。真实条件句所表的假设是可能发生或实现的,是与事实相符的。非真实条件句所表的假设则是不可能或不大可能发生或实现的，与事实相反的情况。Ifitisfinetomorrow,Iwillgotovisitmygrandma.IfIwereabird,IwouldflytoAmerica.1、真实条件句：用于陈述语气，假设的情况可能发生，其中if是如果的意思。时态关系：主将从现主情从现主祈从现Ifhecomes,hewillbringhisviolin.Ifhewantstogotouniversity,hemuststudyhard.Ifitrainstomorrow,pleasedon’tcome.一、虚拟语气在非真实条件句中与过去事实相反的假设wouldshouldhave+过去分词couldmight与现在相反的假设与将来相反的假设虚拟条件句主句If+主语+过去式（be用were)If+主语+had+过去分词If+主语+过去式（be用were)If+主语+wereto+动词原形If+主语+should+动词原形主语＋would＋动词原形(should/could/might)主语＋would＋动词原形(should/could/might)•1.IfIhadtime,Iwouldgoforawalk.(事实上我现在没有时间，不能去散步．）•2.IfIwereinvited,Iwouldgotothedinner.（事实上没有人邀请我，我也不能去参加宴会．）•3.IfIhadamilliondollars,Iwouldputitinthebank.•（事实上我没有一百万美圆，也不可能存在银行．）现在事实相反Iwouldbuyanexpensivecar.Iwouldbuyavilla.Iwouldtravelaroundtheworld.IfIwonthelottery,现在事实相反1.IfIhadenoughmoney,Iwouldtravelaroundtheworld.2.IfIwereyou,IwouldgiveAIDSpatientahug.A与现在事实相反3Iftheywerehere,theywouldhelpyou.4Theywouldhelpyouiftheywerehere.IfI____________timelastnight,I_____________toseethefilmwithyou.hadhadwouldhavegoneB与过去事实相反Ifhe________morecarefully,he_____________thecaraccidentyesterday.haddrivenwouldnothavehad1.IfIhadtakenyouradvice,Iwouldn’thavemadeamistake.2.Ifhehadbeenthere,itwouldn’thavehappened.3Ifshehadseenyouyesterday,shewouldhaveaskedyouaboutit.要是她昨天看到你，她就要向你问起这件事。4Ifyouhadtakenmyadvice，youwouldn't(couldn’t)havefailedintheexam.如果你按照我的建议去做，你一定不会(不可能)考试不及格。与过去事实相反I________apartyforyou.shouldgetIfyou____________________________________gotWeretogetafullmarknexttime,C与将来事实相反wouldhold1IfitwereSundaytomorrow,Ishould/(would)gotoseemygrandmother.如果明天是星期天，我就(可能)去看望我奶奶。2Ifitweretosnowthisevening,theywouldnotgoout.如果今晚下雪，他们将不出去了。C与将来事实相反3Ifyousucceeded,everythingwouldbeallright.4Ifyouweretosucceed,everythingwouldbeallright.IfIwereyou,IwouldgiveAIDSpatientahug.IfIhadtakenyouradvice,Iwouldn’thavemadeamistake.Ifitrainedtomorrow,theywouldn’tgoforanouting.现在事实相反与过去事实相反与将来事实相反要是你早来几分钟的话，你就能见到他了。Ifyouhadcomeafewminutesearlier,youwouldhavemethim.明天要是天气好的话，我来看你。Ifitweresunnytomorrow,Iwouldcometoseeyou.假如我是你的话，我会马上走。与现在事实相反IfIwereyou,Iwouldgoatonce.与过去事实相反与将来事实可能相反•1)假如我有一百万,我会把钱捐献给医学研究.______________________________________________________•2)如果我是你,我会穿衬衣打领带.•_____________________________________________________•3)假如我是你,我就会迟一点去.•_____________________________________________________•4)假如我是你,我就会带一个小礼物.•_____________________________________________________•5)如果我是你，我会在睡觉前好好的散步。•______________________________________________________•6)如果我是你,我就会和看上去很友好的人交谈.______________________________________________________7）如果我是你，我会更加努力学习英语。•_____________________________________________________________________.8）如果昨晚你在这儿，就什么事都不会发生了。•_____________________________________________________________________.9）如果我早到一点的话，我就会赶上那辆公共汽车了。•_____________________________________________________________________.10）明天要是周日的话，我们就不参加考试了。•_____________________________________________________________________.A．用所给动词的适当形式填空1.IfI_________(find)apurse,I__________(give)ittothepolice.2.IfI______(be)abird,I___________(fly)inthebluesky.3.Ifyou_______(have)somethingimportant,you_________(cango)now.4.IfI________(be)you,I_____________(choose)thisone.用虚拟语气完成下列句子。1.如果我是一只小鸟，我会飞到月球上去。IfIabird,Itothemoon.2.如果她和我们在一起，我们会更早完成任务。Ifsheus,wethetaskearlier.3.如果有人给我钱的话，我明天就去买辆车。Ifsomeonememoney,Iacartomorrow.4.I’lltravelaroundtheworldifIhavealotofmoney.（改为虚拟语气的句子）IaroundtheworldifIalotofmoney.PRACTICE1:Fillintheblanks.a.Ifthey______(be)here,they__________(take)youradvice.b.Iftheworld-war___________(break)outagain,what________________(happen)toourpeopleonearth?c.Ifthepoliceman_____________(benot)inthatroomnow,it________________(be)verydangerous.d.IfI_______(be)inyourposition,I_____________(ask)forteacher’shelp.werewouldtakebrokewouldhappenwerenotcouldbewerewouldaskPRACTICE2:Fillintheblankse.IfTom__(be)morecarefulintheexam,he___________(pass)italready.f.Ifyou(get)upearlier,you_________(catch)thefirsttrain.g.IfI____(meet)youyesterday,we_______________(go)totheconcerttogether.hadbeenwouldhavepassedhadgotwouldhavecaughthadmetwouldhavegone二、虚拟语气用于宾语从句中1.Wish的宾语从句现在：过去：未来：过去时（were）过去完成时would/could/might+V.1.IwishIwereabird2.IwishIhadn’tmadesuchamistake3.Wewishourparentswouldn’tpunishus.IwishI____(be)astallasyou.wereIwisheveryday____(be)mybirthday.wereIwishI_________(eat)somuchwatermelon.hadn’teaten用于宾语从句Iwish从句结构Example与现在事实相反一般过去式Iwishitwereautumnnow.与过去事实相反过去完成式Hewishes(wished)hehadnotlostthechance.与将来事实相反would+V.原形Iwishyouwouldcomesoon.IwishIwereastallasyou.IwishIbecameasfamousasYaoMing.IwishIwereabird.IwishIcouldflylikeabird.Iwisheverydayweremybirthday.Hewishhehadn’teatensomuchwatermelon.Iwishthelunchtimewouldcomesoon.Iwishitwouldraintomorrow.1.Practice1