政党制度一般理论与我国现行

19821993194710ABSTRACTCHAPTER1THECOMMANTHEORYOFPOLITICALPARTYSYSTEMANDTHEESTABLISHMENTOFTHELEGALSTATUSOFOURACTUALPOLITICALPARTYWhenthesocialeconomicdevelopedtosomestage,politicalpartywasbeencreated.Thecapitalistpartysuitstheneedsofcapitalistclassproducerelationsandtheproletarianpoliticalpartysuitstheneedsofthesocialistrelationsofproduction’sestablishmentwhentheproletarianwantstochangethecapitalistproducerelations.Thefunctionofthepoliticalpartymustbeensuredbythepoliticalpartysystem,whichisacomplicatedsocialpoliticalphenomenonandcandecidethepositionofthepoliticalparty,whichhasmasteredthepoliticalpowerofacountry.AftertheestablishmentoftheNewChina,weputthepoliticalpartysystemoftheMulti-sectorPartyCooperationandPoliticalConsultationintopractice.It’snotonlyabasicpoliticalinstitutionbutalsoapeculiarityandavirtueofourpoliticalinstitution.Theprefaceintheconstitutionlawwhichhasgottenpastduring1982provideslegalbasisforthissystemandtheprefaceintheconstitutionamendmentwhichhasgottenpastduring1993showclearlythatthepoliticalpartysystemofmulti-sectorpartycooperationandpoliticalconsultationwouldbeexistanddevelopforalongtime.CHAPTER2THEFORMINGANDDEVELOPMENTOFOURACTUALPOLITICALPARTYSYSTEMINFORCERECORDEDINTHECONSTITUTIONLAWChina’seightdemocraticpartiesareestablishedanddevelopedduringthewarofresistanceagainsttheJapaneseaggressionandthewarofliberation.Atthattime,theywerethepartieswiththepropertiesofclassleaguewhosemainmemberswerenationalcapitalistclass,urbanpettybourgeoisieandintellectual.On10,1947,theNationalPartyundertheleadingofJiangjieshideclaredtodismisstheChineseDemocraticLeagueandkilledamuckdemocraticparties’members.Underthiskindofpoliticalpressureandpersecution,democraticpartieshadtochangetheiractivitiesfromopentocovert,mostoftheleadingdepartmentsandthemanagershavetoretreattoHongKong.Thedemocraticmembersrecognizedthatitwasimpossibletokeepathirdstandorwalkalongathirdroadfromthefrustration.Sincethen,democraticpartiesturnedtoaccepttheleadershipoftheChineseCommunistPartyandwantedtowalkalongtheNewDemocraticRoadwiththeChineseCommunistParty.AtthebeginningofNewChina,themulti-sectorpartycooperationwasestablishedasabasicpoliticalsystemofourcountry.Whenenteringthesocialismperiod,thesocialistpoliticalpartysystemwithChinesecharacteristicswasbeenforminganddeveloping,Atthebeginningofthecenturyitwaswrittenintoconstitutionasaimportantcontactofourparty’sbasiccreedattheprimarystageofsocialismthatweshouldpersistandperfectthemulti-sectorpartycooperation.CHAPTER3TODISCUSSTHEDIFFERENCEOFTHEPOLITICALPARTYSYSTEMBETWEENCHINAANDWESTFROMDEMOCRACYANDLEGALSYSTEMThepoliticalpartysystemofcapitalistclassbeganinEngland,TheOne-partysystemandMulti-partysystemisactually“OnePartyDespotism”ofcapitalistclassfromtheessenceofclass.Ourpoliticalpartysystemisverydifferentfromthatofwestbothontheconditionandthefoundationoftheestablishmentandthemechanismandtheintentionofrunning.First,theeconomicbaseisdifferent;second,therelationshipamongpartiesisdifferent;third,thepoliticalaimisdifferent;fourth,therunningmannerisdifferent.CHAPTER4THENECESSARYANDTHEFEASIBILITYOFLEGALIZINGOURPOLITICALPARTYSYSTEMINFORCETheMulti-sectorPartyCooperationandPoliticalConsultationhasbeenattachedimportanceandauthorizationasanimportantformofourdemocraticpoliticalconstruct.Theconstitution’sprefaceprovidesalegalbasic.Butthisisnotenough,thedetailproblemshouldhavelegalcriterionontheorganizationform,rightandincumbency,thesystemofdiscussofficialbusiness,theprinciplefollowedandsoon.Legalizingpoliticalpartysystemmeansneithertochangethebasicpoliticalsystemthroughconstitutingthe“PartyLaw”sothatoureightdemocraticpartieswillbeastheopposepartyoftheChineseCommunistPartytoelectioneeringequalityandreigninturnnortochangetheactualcooperation.Itmeanstopersistandperfectthebasicpoliticalsystembylawmeansmore.Itmeanstodefinitudethepracticingfeasiblewaybylawform.ThuswillbebenefittosteadythereignstatusoftheCommunistPartyandthejoinstatusofdemocraticparties.It’salsoinfavorofformingthelawsofthepoliticalconsultation,democracysupervising,joiningpoliticsanddiscussingpolitics.CHAPTER5MOSTLYCONTENTSOFLEGALIZINGOURPOLITICALPARTYSYSTEMWeshouldsetdownthe“PartyLaw”toestablishthepoliticalpartysystem,tocriterionthe“PartyConsciousness”ofeverydemocraticparty,topreventtheirpoliticalstatusandlegitimacyrightofeverydemocracypartiesfrombeingencroachingon.Weshouldmakethe“JoiningPoliticandDiscussPoliticLawofDemocraticParty”todefinitudewhichfieldandwhat’sthebasicshouldthedemocraticpartiesjoinanddiscuss.Weshouldestablishthe“ProcedureLawofDemocraticMonitor”toensuretheprogrammorecriterion,thetrenchsmoother,themonitorstronger,theeffectmoreevidence.CHAPTER6DIFFICULTIESANDBASICROUTESOFLEGALIZINGOURACTUALPOLITICALPARTYSYSTEMTherelationshipofpartiesisnotonlyalawproblembutalsoapoliticalproblem.Therearealotofworkstodoandthereisalongwaytowalkalongandneedtoexplorecontinuouslyforanindifferentlawconsciousnessandimperfectnesslawsystemcountrylikeusinordertorealizelegalizingourpoliticalpartysystem.First,wemusttreatitasanimportantcontentofthesystemengineeringofc