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RevisionoftheAttributiveClause概述：1、功能：相当于形容词，修饰名词或代词，在句中作定语2、位置：定语从句置于被修饰词之后Thosewhoarewillingtoattendtheparty,signhereplease.3、先行词：被定语从句修饰的词称为先行词（1）先行词一般是名词和不定代词，如:some-,any-,every-和no与-boy,-thing的合成词；或all、none、any、some、that、those等代词。数词也可以作先行词，人称代词也同样可作先行词。（2）先行词与关系词是等量关系。必须注意两点：①先行词在从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的数由先行词而定。Thisistheplacewhichisworthvisiting.②关系词在从句句子中充当了成分，其意思就是先行词的意义，所以在从句中不能重复其意。Therearemanyplaceswecanvisit（them）inChina.4、关系词：引导定语从句的都称关系词关系代词：who,whom,which,that,whose,as。关系副词：when,where,why一.定语从句的构成两个简单句：Amanisstandingthere.Themanismybrother.=主从复合句：Themanwhoisstandingthereismybrother.先行词：被定语从句所修饰的词先行词一般是名词或代词关系词：引导定语从句的词二.关系词的种类关系代词关系副词起着代词和连词的作用，在从句中充当主语，宾语或定语起着副词或介词短语和连词的作用，在从句中充当状语whenwhywhereTheman(whoisstandingthere)ismybrother.关系词的作用：①代替前面的先行词在从句中充当一定的成分②把两个句子连起来构成一个复合句三.关系代词先行词人事物人＋事物主语who/thatwhich/thatthat宾语who(m)/thatwhich/thatthat定语whosewhose/ofwhichIhaveasister.+SheworksinShanghai.=Ihaveasister___________worksinShanghai.Hewantstoseetheman.+ThemanisinShanghai.=Theman______________hewantstoseeisinShanghai.Haveyoufoundthepen?+Youlostityesterday.=Haveyoufoundthepen___________youlostyesterday?who/thatwho/whom/that(that/which)Doyouknowthegirl?+Hermotherworkshere.=Doyouknowthegirl_______motherworkshere?Iliveinaroom.+itswindowfacessouth.=Iliveinaroom________windowfacessouth.whosewhose=Iliveinaroomthewindowofwhichfacessouth.ofwhichthewindow注意：关系代词在限制性定语从句中作宾语是可以省略的，但如果在介词后不能省略。Heborrowedthebook(that)Ijustbought.Thisisthegirlwithwhomheworked.Exercises1.Lookatthelady_______nameisPochi.A.whoB.whoseC.whomD.that2.Thosepictures_____weredrawnbyTomarenice.A.whoB.whoseC.whomD.which3.Thegirl______couldsingwellwenttoEurope.A.whoB.whoseC.whomD.whom四.关系副词先行词状语地点where时间when原因why/forwhichThisisthehouse.+Iwasborninthehouse.（介词短语）=Iwasbornthere（副词).=Thisisthehouse_______Iwasborn.=____which注意区别：Thisisthehouse____________Iwasbornin.(which/that)whereinWewillneverforgettheday.+wewillholdtheOlympicGamesonthatday.=Wewillneverforgettheday______wewillholdtheOlympicGames.____which注意区别：Iwillneverforgettheday____________Ispentwithyoulastyear.(which/that)Idon’tknowthereasonwhyhelefthere.=forwhichwhenon关系副词的运用在限定性和非限定性从句中，when的先行词是时间名词，where的先行词是地点名词，分别在定语从句中做状语。e.g.1.AfterlivinginParisfor50yearshereturnedtothesmalltown______hegrewupasachild.A.whichB.whereC.thatD.when2.Itwasanexcitingmomentforthesepeoplethisyear,______forthefirsttimetheirteamwontheWorldCup.A.thatB.whileC.whichD.whenBD★注意：1.Thankyouforthebookyougaveittomeyesterday.在定语从句中，关系代词已代替了前面的先行词，所以在从句中不能在重复了。what不能用于定语从句中2.Tellmeanythingwhatyouknow.Tellmewhatyouknow.thattellsb.sth,3.在介词＋whom/which结构中，介词的选择Iwillneverforgettheday____whichIreachedtheGreatWall.Tellmethetime_____whichthetrainleaves.Thisisthehero_____whomweareproud.Inthedarkstreet,therewasn’tasingleperson_____shecouldturnforhelp.A.tothatB.whoC.fromwhomD.towhom根据先行词来判断根据从句中谓语动词的固定搭配来判断onatofturntosb.forhelp关系代词前介词的确定(1）.根据从句中动词与先行词的逻辑关系，请体会：e.g.Isthatthenewspaperforwhichyouoftenwritearticles?(2).根据从句中动词或形容词的习惯搭配，如：e.g.CanyouexplaintomehowtousetheseidiomsaboutwhichI’msure.(3).根据先行词与介词的搭配习惯，请体会：e.g.1949wastheyearinwhichtheP.R.C.wasfounded.关系代词前介词的确定(4).非限制性定与从句中，要表示先行词的一部分时，可用“数词/代词+of+关系代词”的结构，如：e.g.Thereare50studentsinourclass,two-thirdsofwhomhavebeentoBeijing.关系代词前的介词的确定(5).Whose从句可转换为“of+关系代词”型，如：e.g.Theyliveinahouse,whosedooropenstothesouth.Theylivedinahouse,ofwhichthedooropenstothesouth.Theylivedinahouse,thedoorofwhichopenstothesouth.Canyouworkthemout????????Fillintheblankswithproperprepositions:1.Thesungivesusheatandlight,________whichwecan’tlive.2.Thestudent________whomweweretalkingjustnowisthebeststudentinourclass.3.I’llneverforgettheday_____whichshesaidgood-byetome.4.Whocangivemethereason______whichhehasn’tturnedupyet?foraboutonwithout4.（名词、代词、数词、最高级＋）of＋whom/which结构中，表所属关系，”…当中的…”Chinahashundredsofislands,thelargestofthatisTaiwan.whichThereare54studentsinourclass,mostofthemareboys.whom5.在非限制定语从句中，需注意以下几点：①that不能用来引导非限制性定语从句②why不能用来引导非限制性定语从句，应用forwhiche.g.Ihavetoldthemthereason,forwhichIdidn’tattendthemeeting.③在非限制性的定语从句中，指人的关系代词作宾语时，只能用whom，不能用who替换，也不能省略Hiswife,______youmetatmyhome,wasateacher.A.whomB.whoC.thatD.whose④在非限制性定语从句中，关系代词有时代替修饰的不是前面的名词或代词，而是前面的整一句话。这种关系代词只有两个:which,asAlicereceivedaninvitationfromherboss,_______cameasasurprise.A.itB.thatC.whichD.he_______isreportedinthenewspapers,talksbetweenthetwocountriesaremakingprogress.A.ItB.AsC.ThatD.What区别：a.which只能放在句末，而as从句则还可以放在句首或句中。b.从意义上讲，which意为“这一点’,而as却可表示”正如那样“，有些as从句已成了固定句型,如：Asweallknow,asisknowntoall,asyousay,asIcansee,Asisreported,asyoumayhaveheard……◆几种特殊情况：1.只能用that做关系代词的情况（1）当先行词是不定代词时,如:All,few,little,much,every,something,anything,everything,none等或先行词被他们修饰时，关系代词只可用thate.g.EverythingthathappenedthenwaslikeanightmarePleasesendusanyinformationthatyouhaveaboutthematter.（2）先行词被形容词最高级、序数词及thevery、theonly、thesame等词修饰时，关系代词只可用thate.g.ThisisthebestfilmthatIhaveeverseen.ThisisthesamefiercedogthatIsawyesterday.(3)当人和物合做先行词时,关系代词只能用thate.g.Wetalkedaboutthethingsandpersonsthatwesawthen(4)定语从句内容为解释名词的性质、概念时，需用that。e.g.Aplaneisamachinethatcanfly.（5）先行