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高考冲刺：短文改错题型介绍高考英语短文改错历来是考生的一个难点，因为它考查的是考生的综合语言运用能力，考查内容涵盖英语语言的各个层面。短文改错分为两种形式：含有10处错误，每句中最多有两处，每处错误仅涉及一个单词增加、删除或修改；对标有题号的每一行做出判断，或增加，或删除，或修改，全文共有9处错误，有一行是对的。解题技巧改错步骤1.通读全文，了解短文大意。把握全篇的时态、人称及行文逻辑，尤其是有的行文逻辑方面的错误在看单句时难以发现错误（比如前文用Mike，后文代词用she等）。在通读全文时把一些容易的错误先改好，再进行分句改错。2.分句阅读，逐行找错。在完成第一步后，要进行逐行逐句的改错。这时要从文中的词法、句法和语篇角度着重分析和特别注意。注意不能改变句子的原意，也不能改掉原来正确的词语而换成了另一种正确的表达形式，如某些定语从句中that与which的互换是不给分的。3.最后把改好的短文再阅读一遍，检查答案是否正确，感觉是否还有不妥之处，最终形成定稿。注意严格按照例题要求和解题说明，用规定的符号去改，不要用文字去说明或者用箭头表示，更不能在原题中乱画。答题时可以从以下几点考虑：1.句中的时态、主谓、代词一致吗？2.句中的谓语完整吗？3.习惯用法固定搭配正确吗？4.冠词、形容词、副词及关系词得当吗？5.该用被动语态吗？6.从句的连接词对了吗？7.从句中的谓语完整吗？真题讲解（一）Twoyearsbefore,ItraveledtoBrazilandIrentedforacar.Unfortunate,Ihadanaccidentandhitanothercar,andIneededtostayinahospitalforatleasttwoweek.Icalledmyparents,soIdidnottellthemwhathadhappened.IknewthattheywillbeworriedaboutmyselfbecauseIwassofartheraway,andthatmymotherwouldnotsleepifsheknew.Therefore,ItoldtheminterestedstoriesandhowIwasenjoyingBrazil.Asaresult,nobodyknewtruth.Istillthinkthatitwastherightthingtodo.(浙江)（二）Thankyouforthelovelydaywehavewithyou.ItwassokindforyoutoletusbringAnne’sfriend,Gina.Unfortunate,theonlyproblemwasthejourneyhome.Therehadbeenaterribleaccidentonthehighwayand,foraresult,therewasalonglineoftrafficforatleastsixmile.Intheend,wedrovetoaservicestationandwaitedthereunlesstheroadwasclear.InthecarparkhereGinanearlygotknockedoverascardroveoutfartooquicklyfrombehindalorry.TheyfinallydroppedGinaoffatherparents’andmadeourownwaytohome.(辽宁)◆（三）DearEditor,I’mwritingtotellyouopinionaboutwatersaving.76.______Waterisimportant.We,aswellasanimal,cannotlive77.______withoutwaterandneitheragricultureorindustrycango78.______withoutit.Yetitseemedwaterisbecominglessandless.79.______Manycountriesintheworldfindwedon’thaveenoughwater.80.______Todealwithaproblem,Ithink,weshouldfirstgoall81.______outtoplanttreesthoughtreeswillhelpsavewater.Next,no82.______drinkingwatershouldbeleftrunning.Third,weshouldfind83.______waystoreusethewaterusinginwashing,especiallybath84.______waterforwhichisquitealot,andthatwillsavemuchwater.85.______Sincerely,LiHua（四）DearMom,Mother’sDayiscoming.I’msorrythatIamabroad66._______andcan’tsendyourflowers,soI’mwritingtoyou.67._______Mom,IknowIhaveneverexpressedmythanktoyou68.________before.Butontoday,atthisspecialtime,Ijustwanttotell69.________youloudly:Iloveyou,Mom!Thankyousomuchbynot70._________onlygivingmelife,butalsoteachmehowtobeagood71._________person.Thankyouforallyouhaddoneforme.Mom,though72._________Imayoftensayit,Idoloveyou.Nobodycantakeyour73,_________partinmyheart.WheneverIam,Iwillalwaysloveyou.74._________Hopeyougoodhealthandmuchhappinesseveryday!75._________Yourlittlegirl,Jennifer（五）DearGrandpa,Howareyouthosedays?Ihavebeenmissingyouvery76._________muchafterIwenttocollegeayearago.WheneverIthinkof77._________theolddays,Ifeelveryhappily.IstillrememberwhenI78._________waschild,youalwaysheldmeinyourarmsandtoldmestories79._________tillIfallasleep.Weoftenwenttothefieldstoenjoythepleasant80._________viewthere.Youtoldmethenameofdifferentplantsandtheir81._________characteristics.Gradually,Ibecameinterestinginbiology82._________andchosetolearnbiologywhenIenteredintothecollege.Now83.________myfriendAnn,togetherwithme,aregoingtodofieldstudy84.________andthefindingswillbeuseasmaterialsforourresearch.Since85.________we’lldothestudyinourhometown,Ihopetoseeyoubythen.Yours,Daisy（一）1.Twoyearsbefore,before→ago；ago指的是从现在起到过去时间的某一点的一段时间。这个时间状语常与一般过去时态或过去进行时态连用。2.Irentedforacar.去掉for，因为rent为及物动词。3.Unfortunate,IhadanaccidentUnfortunate改为Unfortunately，修饰一句话用副词。4.atleasttwoweekweek→weeks5.Icalledmyparents,soIdidnottellthemso→but，逻辑关系错误。6.Iknewthattheywillbewill→would，主从句时态一致。7.worriedaboutmyselfmyself→me，句中的主语为they，不构成反身代词；8.Iwassofartheraway,farther→far，句中不构成比较级。9.Itoldtheminterestedstoriesinterested→interesting，interesting才表示“令人感兴趣的”。10.nobodyknewtruthtruth前加the，此处特指“那个真相”。（二）1.wehavewithyouhave→had，由后面的was可知，这儿应该用过去时态。2.Itwassokindforyoutoletusfor→of，kind用于描述you的，适用于“It+形容词+ofsb….”句型。3.Unfortunate,theonlyproblemUnfortunate→Unfortunately，修饰句子用副词。4.foraresult,therewasalonglineoftrafficfor→as,asaresult固定搭配。5.foratleastsixmilemile→milesmile是可数名词，并且前面是six。6.wewaitedthereunlesstheroadwasclearunless→until后面一句是一个时间状语从句，意思是“我们一直等到路通了”。7.Inthecarparkherehere→there叙述的是别的地方发生的事，所以用there。8.ascardroveoutfartooquicklycar前加a，car不是特指，并且是可数名词，所以前面要加a。9.TheyfinallydroppedGinaoffthey→we叙述的是“我们”做的事，所以用we。10.andmadeourownwaytohome去掉to，makeone’swayhome中home为副词，前面不用介词to。（三）76.opinion前加my，根据句意前后的代词指代要一致，前文主语是I，所以后半句表达的意见就应该是“我”的意见。77.animal→animals我们还有动物们没有水就无法活。根据句意用复数形式。78.or→nor根据前文的neither可知应该将or改为nor。79.seemed→seems文章整体讲节约用水方面的话题，通篇用一般现在时，所以将seemed改为seems。80.we→they句中的“许多国家”指的是外国，不是“我们”。81.a→the/this/that本句的问题指上文提到过的问题，表特指。82.though→because/since/as主从句之间的逻辑为因果关系而不是转折关系。83.正确。84.using→used“水”被使用过，用过去分词作定语85.去掉for此处for在定语从句中找不到其相应的成分，故删去。高666考%%资&&&源##网（四）66.正确。67.your→you。此处动词send接双宾语，应使用宾格形式，构成短语sendsb.sth.。68.thank→thanks。“表达感谢”应为：expressone’sthanks。69.去掉on。在副词today之前不用介词，故去掉。70.by→for。Thanksb.for…为固定短语“因……而感谢”。71.teach→teachin