单项填空第15课时名词性从句二—Haveyoufinishedthebook?—No,I'vereadupto______thechildrendiscoverthesecretcave.(2010·全国大纲卷)A.whichB.whatC.hatD.whereD考查宾语从句。upto为介词结构,后接宾语从句;而句意是“读到孩子们发现秘密洞穴的地方”,故用where引导这个宾语从句最合适。思路点拨【考点1】名词性从句的种类及连接词Iwanttobelikedandlovedfor______Iaminside.A.whoB.whereC.whatD.howCwhat引导的宾语从句作for的宾语,what在从句中作am的表语。名词性从句具有名词的功能,分为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句四种。它由以下三种连接词引导:1.连词:that,whether,if。2.连接代词:who,whom,whose,which,what等。3.连接副词:when,where,why,how等。【考点2】连词that的用法Keepinmind______youwantotherstorespectyou,youmustrespectothersfirst.A.thatwhenB.thatifC.ifwhenD.whenifBthat引导一个宾语从句,宾语从句中又有一个由if引导的条件状语从句。1.that引导名词性从句时既无词义也不在从句中作任何成分。2.that引导主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句时一般不可省,引导宾语从句时常可省。但是,and连接两个由that引导的宾语从句时,第一个that可省,第二个that不可省。3.that从句一般不作介词的宾语。但:inthat“因为”,except/butthat“除了”例外。【考点3】whether,if的用法It'sreportedthatPakistanisconsidering______tocontinueitsinformationcooperationwiththeUSbecausetheUSdidn'tinformtheminadvancebeforetheytookactiontokillBinLaden.(2011·成都七中高三模拟卷)A.whatB.howC.whetherD.ifC在whether后只能用不定式或接ornot,不能接if,即whethertodo或whetherornot。whether,if引导名词性从句时,表示“是否”,不在从句中作任何成分,二者常可通用,但在下面几种情况下一般只用whether:(1)引导主语从句。(2)引导表语从句。(3)引导同位语从句。(4)在动词discuss之后。(5)在介词之后。(6)后面紧跟ornot。(7)动词不定式前。【考点4】名词性从句的语序Ireallywonder______willstopJapanfromitsannualwhalehuntintheAntarctic.(2011·山西太原五中月考)A.thatitiswhatB.whatitisthatC.whatisitthatD.thatisitwhatB空白处为一宾语从句作动词wonder的宾语。而宾语从句是一个强调句,强调what。由于宾语从句要采用陈述语序,故选B。名词性从句用陈述语序,为:连词(+被修饰语)+主语+谓语。即主谓不倒装。【考点5】what与that引导名词性从句的区别Itisnotalwayseasyforthepublictosee______useanewinventioncanbeoftohumanlife.(2011·重庆卷)A.whoseB.whatC.whichD.thatB空白处作动词see的宾语。宾语从句按顺序为:anewinventioncanbeofwhatusetohumanlife,疑问词what置前。引导词what在句中既作了引导词,又在句中有实义。Modernsciencehasgivenclearevidence______smokingcanleadtomanydiseases.(2011·天津卷)A.whatB.whichC.thatD.whereCthat引导词作前名词evidence的同位语从句引导词。该词只起引导作用,无实义,不可省略。1.在名词性从句中,that只起连接主句和从句的作用,在从句中不充当任何成分,本身也没有词义,即从句中不缺少任何成分时用连词that。2.that在从句中作主语时通常用it作形式主语,而将that从句置于句末作真正的主语。但what不能用it作形式主语。3.that可引导同位语从句,但what不能。【考点6】由reason作主语时,表语从句的连接词Thereasonwhyhecan'tgotoschoolis______heisill.A.becauseB.whyC.thatD.whichCreason作主语时,其后的表语从句一般用连词that。reason作主语时,表语从句所用连词为that,一般不用because或why等。【考点7】that引导同位语从句和定语从句的区别______wasknowntoallthatWilliamhadbrokenhispromise______hewouldneverplaycomputergamesagain.(2011·湖南雅礼中学高三月考卷)A.As;whichB.As;thatC.It;thatD.What;thatCit作形式主语,第一个that后引导从句作真正主语。名词promise后接that引导的同位语从句,对前一名词内容进一步补充说明。Helpingothersisahabit,one______youcanlearnevenatanearlyage.A.itB.thatC.whatD.whoBone是ahabit的同位语。作为定语从句的先行词,后用which或that作定语从句动词learn的宾语。关系代词作宾语也可省略。that引导同位语从句时,that在从句中不作成分(一般不省),且不可用which来取代;that引导定语从句时,that须作主语、宾语或表语(作宾语时常可省),且常可用which来取代。