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壹学英语No.1EnglishUnit2I’llhelptocleanupthecityparks一、基本知识点1.sick生病的，有病的；可在句中作表语Marycouldnotcomebecausesheissick.也可作定语asickchild【区别ill】ill与sick同义；但是只在句中做表语，不做定语。Marycouldnotcomebecausesheisill.2.cheer(sb.)up（让某人）变得高兴；振奋起来Thegoodnewscheeredupeveryoneinourclass.3.giveout分发；散发，相当于handout，Theteacherisgivingout/handingoutthetestpapers.givesth.outtosb.意为。4.volunteer【名词】志愿者【动词】义务做，自愿做（某事）volunteertodosth.，Thegirlscouldvolunteerinanafter-schoolstudyprogram.5.usedtodosth.过去/曾经(常)做某事，表示过去的习惯、动作或状态，并强调现在已经不再存在或发生。Thereusedtobeacinemahere.Theytoldmestoriesaboutthepastandhowthingsusedtobe.6.alone【形容词】独自一人的，无感情色彩：Themusicianenjoyedlivingaloneandwritingsongshimself.lonely（感到）孤独寂寞的，带有很强的感情色彩，可做表语或定语。Thelonelyboyisnotlonelynow.7.careforsb./sth.照顾；照料……care【名词】小心，关心takecareof=lookafter→【动词】careaboutsb./sth.关心，在意某人/事→【形容词】careful/careless→【副词】carefully8.such“这样的，这种，如此”，用于修饰名词such+a/an+形容词+单数名词：suchagoodday/suchanexcitingmatchsuch+形容词+复数名词/不可数名词：suchimportantdecisionssuchdeliciousfood如果名词前被many,much,few,little修饰时，只能用so，而不用such：somanysickchildren/solittletime9.tryoutfor…参加…选拔，争取成为…ThirtyfootballplayerstriedoutfortheBestPlayeroftheyear.tryout试用，试验10.journey【名词】（尤指长途）旅行，行程；trip【名词】多指短途旅行；travel【名词、动词】travelaroundtheworld→【名词】traveler旅行者11.【复习】bebusywithsth.bebusydoingsth.12.【复习】trydoingsth.trytodosth.tryone’sbest(todosth.)13.【复习】beworriedaboutsb./sth.=worryaboutsb./sth.14.raisemoney集资，筹钱；raisemoneyfor…为……筹钱raise【动词】举起；提高；募集15.keep【动词】keep+名词，保留（某物）；keep+形容词，保持16.【形容词】broken破损的，出毛病的；blind瞎的，失明的；deaf聋的；disabled有残疾的，丧失能力的在句中做定语和表语：17.makeitpossible(forsb.)todosth.使（某人）做某事成为可能，YouhelpedtomakeitpossibleformetohaveLucky.makeit+形容词(+forsb.)todosth.使（某人）做某事成为…；think/findit+形容词todosth.18.makeadifferenceto…对……有影响；对……有作用，difference前可以用no,any,some,much等修饰，如Therainmadenodifferencetothegame.Hard-workingmakesmuchdifferencetostudy.19.difficulty【可数/不可数】表示抽象意义的“困难”时为不可数；表示具体的“难题、难事”时为可数；havedifficulty(in)doingsth.=havetrouble(in)doingsth.20.train【动词】训练，trained为过去分词，可做定语，意为“受过训练的”atraineddog21.beexcitedaboutsth.，Everyoneisexcitedaboutthegoodnews.【复习】excited意为，在句中做；exciting意为，在句中做。22.order【名词】命令，指示；顺序，次序【动词】订购；点（菜）followtheorder，。23.change【动词】变化，改变It’shardforapersontochangehislife(style).【名词】变化；零钱changeAforB用A换成B：WhenyoutravelinChina,remembertochangeUSdollarsforRMB.壹学英语No.1English24.repair【动词】修理，修补；fix【动词】安装；使固定【fixup修理=repair】二、重要单词、短语1.several2.satisfaction3.understand4.imagine5.trainGive短语小结1.giveup(doing)2.giveout3.giveaway4.giveinUp短语小结1.giveup2.cleanup3.cheerup4.fixup5.setup6.putup7.getup8.stayup(late)9.comeupwith10.takeup(doingsth.)Out短语小结1.giveout2.handout3.tryout4.goout5.eatout6.hangout7.findout8.getoutof9.comeout三、重点语法——动词不定式A.作主语——为避免句子的头重脚轻，常用it作为形式主语，而真正的主语动词不定式后置。常用句型：It+be+adj./n.+(for/ofsb.)todosth./Ittakessb.sometimetodosth.B.作宾语——动词want,decide,hope,ask,agree,choose,learn,plan,need,teach,prepare…常接动词不定式作宾语。C.作（后置）定语——常用于“have/has＋sth.＋todo”或“enough＋名＋todo”“It’stimetodosth.”等结构中。D.作宾语补足语——tell,ask,want,invite,teach,like,call等可接带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语，构成tell/ask/want/call/invitesb.todosth.结构。【注意】动词不定式作使役动词和感官动词的宾语补足语时应省去to：“一感(feel)，二听(listento,hear)，三让(let,make,have,，四看(lookat,see,watch,notice)，半帮助(help)”。E.动词不定式作状语主要用来修饰动词，表示目的，结果或原因。为了强调目的，有时可以把动词不定式放在句首，或在不定式前加inorder(to)或soas(to)“为了，目的是”。常用结构有too+adj./adv.+todosth.等。F.固定句式中动词不定式的用法常见的有：hadbetter(not)dosth./Wouldyouliketodosth.?/Whynotdosth.?/Wouldyouplease(not)dosth.?等。专项训练题一、选择适当答案。1._______isdifficulttoworkoutthemathsproblem.A.ThisB.ThatC.ItD.Its2.Wedecided_______attheendofthismonth.A.travelB.notstartoutC.toleaveD.going3.Theyhavenopaper_______.A.towriteB.towritewithC.writeonD.towriteon4.Lethim_______arest.Ithinkhemustbetiredafterthelongwalk.A.hasB.haveC.tohave5._______thecomputerisaproblem.A.HowtouseB.WhattouseC.WheretouseD.Whichtouse6.Theteachertoldus_______inbed.A.don’treadB.readnotC.tonotreadD.nottoread7.Theoldmanwas_______angry_______sayaword.A.so,thatB.as,asC.too,toD.very,to8.Why_______hometomorrow?A.notgoB.notgoingC.nottogoD.didn’tgo9.TheTVsetistooloud.Willyouplease_______?A.turndownitB.turnitdownC.toturnitdown10.It’scoldoutside.Youhadbetter_______yourcoat.A.toputonB.puttingonC.putsonD.puton二、用所给动词的正确形式填空。1.Ittookhalfanhour_______(get)totheWorldParkfromKitty’sschool.2.Itwasinteresting_______(see)somanyplacesofinterestfromallovertheworld.3.Theywant_______(save)timebyusingshorterwordsandphrases.4.Kitty’sclassmateDanieltaughthimselfhow_______(make)ahomepage.5.Things_______(do)inBeijing.6.Hemadethegirl_______(cry)yesterday.7.Heputhisphotosonitforeveryone_______(look)at.8.Helphim_______(put)thephotosinthecorrectorder.9.It’stimeforclass.Pleasestop_______(talk).10.I’dlike_______(go)totheTempleofHeaven.