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一、词类：这里强调一点：不可数名词都默认为单数，所以总是用is1）名词复数如何加后缀（各种不同情况变化）A.一般情况直接加-s:book-booksbag-bagscat-catsbed-bedsB.以s.x.sh.ch结尾加-es:bus-busesbox-boxeswatch-watchespeach—peachesglass—glassesC.以“辅音字母+y”结尾变y为i,再加-es:family-familiesstudy—studiesD.以“f或fe”结尾变f或fe为v，再加-es:knife-knivesleft-leavesE.不规则名词复数man-menwoman-womenpoliceman-policemenpolicewoman-policewomenmouse-micefoot-feetchild-childrenfish-fishChinese-Chinese一、词类：写出下列各词的复数I______him______this________her_____watch_______child_____photo_____diary______day_____foot______book______dress_____tooth______sheep____box______strawberry_____thief______yo-yo______peach______sandwich_____man_____woman______paper______juice______water______milk____rice______tea______2.人称代词第三人称第二人称第一人称I，we主格youhe,she,it,theyme，usyouhim，herItthem宾格3.形容词性物主代词Iyousheheittheywe主格：Myyourherhisitstheirour形容词性物主代词:1.Thisis（my/I）mother.2.Nicetomeet（your/you）.3.（He/His）nameisMark.4.What’s（she/her）name?5.Excuse（me/my/I）.6.Are（your/you）MissLi?7.（I/My）amBen.8.（She/Her）ismysister.9.Fine,thank（your/you）.10.Howoldis（he/his）exercises4.指示代词指近处指远处单数this（这个）that（那个）复数these（这些）those（那些）5.冠词有a、an、the。a和an的区别：an用于元音音素（一般就是元音字母a、e、i、o、u）前，a用于辅音音素前。形容词和副词的比较级一、形容词的比较级1.形容词比较级在句子中的运用：两个事物或人的比较用比较级，比较级后面一般带有单词than。比较级前面可以用more,alittle来修饰表示程度。than后的人称代词用主格（口语中可用宾格）。2.形容词加er的规则：一般在词尾加er；以字母e结尾，加r；以一个元音字母和一个辅音字母结尾，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加er；“辅音字母+y”结尾，先把y变i，再加er。4.不规则形容词比较级：good-better,beautiful-morebeautiful根据句意填入单词的正确形式：1.Mybrotheristwoyears__________(old)thanme.2.Tomisas________(fat)asJim.3.Isyoursister__________(young)thanyou?Yes,sheis.4.Whois___________(thin),youorHelen?Helenis.5.Whosepencil-boxis__________(big),yoursorhers?Hersis.6.Mary’shairisas__________(long)asLucy’s.7.Ben______(jump)________(high)thansomeoftheboysinhisclass.8.________Nancysing__________(well)thanHelen?Yes,she_____.9.Fangfangisnotas_________(tall)astheothergirls.10.Myeyesare__________(big)than________(she)..11.Whichis___________(heavy),theelephantorthepig?12.Whogetsup_________(early),TimorTom?二、否定句be动词（am、is、are）+not、情态动词can+not、助动词（do、does）+not如何将一个肯定的陈述句改为否定句：1.看句中有无be动词，如有，直接在be动词后+not。2.看句中有无情态动词，如有，直接在情态动词后+not。3.如上述二者都没有，就应用助动词+not。三、一般疑问句（1）肯定陈述句中本来是没有助动词的，要加上去，位置在主语（某人或某物）后，动词前。（2）确定助动词用do、does，根据句中动词，动词是原形的助动词就用do，动词是第三人称单数的助动词就用does，（3）在助动词后加not。（4）原句中动词假如发生变化就要恢复成原形。强调一点，有some的要考虑是否要用any。常用疑问词：Whattime什么时间问具体时间，如几点Who谁问人Whose谁的问主人Where在哪里问地点What什么问东西、事物Whatcolour什么颜色问颜色Howold多大年纪问年纪Howmany多少数量（可数名词）问数量Howmuch多少钱；多少数量（不可数名词）问多少钱或数量（不可数）五时态（一）：一般现在时用法：经常性的和习惯性的动作常用时间状语：usually,sometimes,inspring,everyday,inthemorning动词构成：1.动词原型(主语是其他人称）2.动词+S.（主语是第三人称单数）否定构成：1.don’t+动原2.doesn’t+动原一般疑问构成及简答：Do+主语+动原+其它？Yes,Ido.Does+主语+动原+其它？No,hedoesn’t.特殊疑问句举例：1.WhatdoyouoftendoonSundays?2.Wheredoeshelive?1.She__________(go)toschoolateighto’clock.2.It’ssixo’clock.Theyare_________supper.(eat)3.Heusually______upat17:00.(get)4.She________(live)inBeijing.5.Sally_______(be)herejustnow.6._____(be)thereafly(苍蝇)onthetablejustnow?7.Theyare________(dig)ahole(洞).8.Myfather________(mend)hismodel(模型)planethesedays用法：说话时正在进行的动作或当前一段时间正在进行的动作常用时间状语：now,thesedays动词构成:1.am/is/are+现在分词(--ing)2.am/is/areworking否定构成:am/is/are+not+现在分词如:Tomisplayingfootballontheplayground.一般疑问构成及简答：Am/Is/Are+主语+现在分词+其它？Yes,Iam(heis.)/No,theyaren’t特殊疑问举例：Whatareyoudoingnow?Whoisflyingakitethere?用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。1.Look!Thechildren______(swim)intheriver.2.Nowwe______(want)toplaybasketball.3.-_____you_____(draw)apicture?-No,I'mnot.I____(write)aletter.4.Whatareyou_____(do)now?I_______(eat)bread.5.It’snineo’clock.Myfather__________(work)intheoffice.6.Look,theboy_______(put)therubbishintothebin.7._____he_______(clean)theclassroom?No,heisn’t.He________(play).8.WhereisMark?He______(run)onthegrass.9.Listen,who________(sing)inthemusicroom?10.Look!LiPingandLiYing______(play)basketballnow.用法：过去时间发生的或过去经常性的动作常用时间状语:yesterday,lastnight,twodaysago,in2000,atthattime,beforeliberation，when等引导的含过去时的句子。动词构成：动词过去时（-ed）否定构成：didn’t+动原一般疑问构成及简答举例：Did+主语+动原+其它？Yes,主语+did./No,主语+didn’t.一般疑问构成及简答举例：Did+主语+动原+其它？Wewenttothecinemayesterday.Didyougotothecinemayesterday?特殊疑问句举例：Whatdidhedoyesterday?Whendidhegetupthismorning?备注：Heopenedthedoor.(不能确定门现在是否开着)练习一、用be动词的适当形式填空1.I_______atschooljustnow.2.He________atthecamplastweek.3.We________studentstwoyearsago.4.They________onthefarmamomentago.5.YangLing________elevenyearsoldlastyear.6.There________anappleontheplateyesterday.7.There________somemilkinthefridgeonSunday.8.Themobilephone_______onthesofayesterdayevening.二、句型转换1.Itwasexciting.否定句：__________________________________2.一般疑问句：__________________________________肯、否定回答：__________________________________2.Allthestudentswereveryexcited.否定句：__________________________________3.一般疑问句：__________________________________肯、否定回答：________________________用法：将来会出现或发生的动作常用时间状语：thisevening,tomorrow,nextmonth,inafewminutes,attheendofthisterm动词构成:1.will/shall+动原2.am/is/aregoingto+动词原型3.am/is/are+coming等现在分词否定构成：will/shallnotdo/am/is/arenotgoingtodo特殊疑问句举例:Whatwillyoudotomorrow?Whenarewegoingtohaveaclassmeeting?备注：在if条件或assoonas等时间状语从句中用一般现在时代替一般将来时。Iwillwrit