HND保险

1.四个风险类型Purerisk:Apureriskisthatonlytheopportunitytolosethecasetoremainunchanged.Purerisklossescanbeidentifiedandquantified,whichcanpredicttheprobabilityofrecurrence,sopureriskisinsurable.Forexample:Amanwholivesinaseasidecitywhosehomehasbeendamagedbybeingsoakedinwaterbecauseofaflood.Becausethefloodcanbepredictedtoavoidlossofpropertyinadvance,itisinsurable.Speculativerisk:Aspeculativeriskisthatthereisnoloss,incomeorsituationwillnotchangethesituationSpeculativeriskisnotcontrollableandthereforenotinsurable.Forexample:Mr.Lihasinvestedinastockmarketlastyear,thisyearthestockcompanywentbankrupt,thestocklimit,allLeeinvestedpropertylostin,heappliedfortheclaimtotheinsurancecompany,theinsurancecompanybelievesthatthisriskisnotcontrollable,notwithinthescopeoftheircompensation,rejectedhisapplication.Howtodonotinsurable:Diversificationofinvestment,investmentfundstobuydifferentinvestmentproducts,theriskofdiversification,reducetheriskofloss.Particularrisk:~ismorelocalized,undernormalcircumstancesbecauseofpersonalorspecificreasons.Asmallgroupofpeopleoragroupofriskscanbecontrolled,sotheParticularriskisinsurableForexample:Mr.Zhangtookhiscarparkedintheparkinglotarea,theseconddayoftheirwindowglasswassmashed,inthecar.Thecamerawasstolen,Mr.Zhangputtheirlossessubmittedtotheinsurancecompany,theinsurancecompanytocompensateforhisloss.Fundamentalrisk:~undernormalcircumstancesareusedbyinsurancecompanies,theychoosenottoprovidesuchcatastrophiceventsinsurance.Thefundamentalriskiscausedbythesociety,theinfluenceisverylarge,cannotberesolvedbyindividuals,theneedfornationalorgovernmentsettlement,andthereforenotinsurable.Forexample:Mr.Yu'sinternationalwar,homesdestroyed,thelocalpeoplehavesufferedpropertylosses,theinsurancecompanycannotsolvetheirlosses,bythelocalgovernmentandinternationalaidorganizationstoprovidethemwiththenecessitiesoflifeandresidence.Speculativerisk:Shouldwaitforhelpfromthegovernment,society,orinternationalaidorganizations.2.保单Peril:~isdefinedastheeventwhichbringaboutaloss.Hazard:~isdefinedasanythingwhichhasinfluenceovertheeffectoftheperil.Forexample:Someoneonedaybecauseofdrunkdrivingaccidentresultingindeath,riskfactorsincludingafterdrinkingbecausehewasdelirious,unabletostayawakewhendriving,soacaraccident.MaterialFacts:Ifthefactsarenotdisclosed,thepolicycanbevoidedinthesheetForexample:Medicalinsurance.Medicalexpensewillonlycoverapre-existingmedicalconditionifitdeclaredtotheinsurerpriortotravelandthecompanyagreesthecover.Personalaccidentandmedicalexpensescoverforhazardoussportssuchasskiingwillincuranadditionalpremium.UnderwritingTheprocessofassessinganinsuranceapplicationiscalledunderwriting,andthepersonresponsibleforthejobistheunderwriter.Insurancecompaniesconsiderwhetherornottodecidetoinsure,andthendeterminewhetherornottochargepremiums,theyhopethatthepotentiallossandtheobligationstheyshouldbearisinline.Forexample:Mr.Wangwantstobuyacarinsuranceforthemselves,theinsurancecompanyaftertheinvestigationfoundthatMr.Wangdidnotexceedthedriver'slicenselimit,thereisnorecordofdrivingaccidents,acceptedhisinsurance.(b)解释+举例Heading:ThenameoftheinsurermusthaveanidentificationmarkandtheaddressoftheinsurerRecitalclause:Itistheforerunner'sterm,whichmeansthepartiesinthecontract,theinsurerandtheinsured,notthename.Operativeclauses:Thesetermsdescribethescopeofthepolicyandthescopeofinsurancecoverage.Exceptions:Itisalsoknownasexclusion,wheretheinsurancepolicyfortheprojectoreventwillnotbecovered.Conditionsandwarranties:Conditionsaretermswhichareappliedtothepolicyandtowhichtheinsuredmustadhere.Warrantiesaresimilesbutsomethingsmorespecificinnatureandarepromisesbytheinsuredthattheywillorwillnotdosomethinginrelationtotheinsurance.-Conditionsareapplicabletothepolicyandtheinsuredmustcomplywiththeconditionstoensurethatsomeofthenatureofthematterandtheinsured'scommitmenttotheinsurancewillberelatedtodosomething.Conditionsincludedtwotypes:impliedandexpressImplied:Animpliedconditionisonewhichdoesnotspecifyexactlywhatmusthappenbutwhichtheinsuredisexpectedtodoasamatterofnormal,rationalandresponsiblebehavior.Express:Anexpressconditionsisonewhichclearlystatestheconditionswhichmustbeinplaceforaclaimtobeacceptedbytheinsurer.Policyschedule:Itisthepolicyschedulewhichpersonalizestheinsurancepolicytotheinsuredandthiswillcontainspecificdetails.Forexample:Exception(a)carinsurance,ifitisbecauseofcrime,illegal,drunkdriving,drivingwithoutalicense,theinsurancecompanywillnotpay.(b)Intravelinsurance,theinsurerwillnotindemnifytheinsurerintheeventofanaccidentthattheinsurerhasfailedtocomplywithadoctor'srequestorhasnotbeenagreedtoparticipateinahigh-riskactivity.Operativeclauses(a)Inthehousinginsurance,accordingtotheactuallossofthedamagedsubjectandtheinsurancecontractagreementtopaythewaytopayinsurance(b)Inthecarinsurance,theinsuredshallprovidetheinsurerwithaninsurancepolicy,anaccidentcertificate,anaccidentliabilitycertificate,anaccidentmediationbook,ajudgment,alosslistandarelevantfeedocument.Assessment1(a)Heiscurrentlythehomeoftheinsuranceisthebuildingcover,itistheprotectionofthestructur