被动语态在一般现在时和一般过去时中的运用

一.概念：表示动作与主语之间是被动关系的句子是被动语态。二.主动语态与被动语态之间如何转换三.各种不同时态的主动语态与被动语态的对比时态主动语态被动语态一般现在时am/is/are+.（1）DotheyspeakFrench?（2）Theydon’tusetheroom.IsFrenchspokenbythem?Theroomisn’tusedbythem.一般过去时was/were+.（1）Thehunterkilledatiger.（2）Hewrotemanystorieslastyear.Atigerwaskilledbythehunter.Manystorieswerewrittenbyhimlastyear.四.如何正确使用被动语态1.有些动词带有两个宾语，即直接宾语和间接宾语，变被动语态时，可把其中一个宾语变成主语，另一个留在被动结构谓语后面。需要注意的是：若把直接宾语变成被动语态的主语，需要在间接宾语之间加上介词“to”。eg.Heoftentellsusinterestingstories.（主动语态）Theinterestingstoriesareoftentoldtousbyhim.（被动语态）▲常带双宾语的词有：tell,show,lend,pass等。2.在主动语态中，某些动词之后带有复合宾语，即宾语和宾语补足语，这个复合宾语由动词不定式来充当，to被省略，但在被动语态中，这个to还要还原。eg.Ioftenhearhersingthispopularsong.（主动语态）Sheisoftenheardtosingthispopularsong.（被动语态）▲有这种用法的常用动词有：make,let,see,hear,watch,feel,notice等。3.有些“be+过去分词”的结构并不是被动语态，它们有可能是“系表结构（即系动词之后由过去分词来充当表语）。”区别是被动语态强调动作，系表结构强调状态。比较：（1）Theshopisoftenclosedat6∶30intheafternoon.（带时间状语，是被动语态）（2）Theshopisclosed．（表示性状，是系表结构）一.选择填空1.PaperfirstinventedinChina.A.isB.areC.wasD.were2.Itsnowedheavilylastnight.Thegroundthicksnow.A.wascoveredwithB.wasfilledwithC.wasmadeofD.coveredwith3.thekindofquestionofteninyourclass,Ann?A.Does,askB.Is,askedC.Has,askedD.Will,ask4.Thegirlwasunhappybecauseshebysomeboysintheclass.A.islaughedB.waslaughedC.laughedatD.waslaughedat5.ThetreesinourschooleveryFridayafternoon.A.arewateredB.arewateringC.havewateredD.water6.Footballeverywhereintheworld.A.isplayedB.playC.isplayingD.plays二.用正确的时态和语态填空1.Nearlyeverybodyhere（know）whentheoldmuseum（build）.2.YesterdayTom（tell）methathisbike（break）lastweek.3.Thestudentsoften（tell）totakecareoftheirdesksandchairs.4.Itisknowntoallthatthemoon（turn）roundtheearth.5.MissLioften（use）arecorderinherEnglishclass.6.Vegetables,eggsandfruits（sell）inthisshop.7.Thesong（like）byusalltwentyyearsago.8.Lastweek,whenI（ask）aboutEnglishculture,Icouldn’tansweritwell.9.Thesportsmeeting（hold）lastweek.