基于声学测量方法的大伙房水库鱼类资源季节变动特征

106201412SouthChinaFisheriesScienceVol.10No.6Dec.2014doi10.3969/j.issn.2095－0780.2014.06.0022014-04-042014-05-14948“”2011-G291987－。[e-mail]1965－。[e-mail]1160232012719～21914～162013512～1470kHz、、。。。0～10m、5～15m、10～20m。、。DO。。91522t。S932.4A2095－0780－201406－0012－08SeasonalvariabilityoffisheryresourcesinDahuofangＲeservoirbasedonacousticsurveymethodZHANGZanLINDanqingTANGYongSUNJianfuLIJiuqiSchoolofMarineSci-TechandEnvironmentDalianOceanUniversityDalian116023ChiniaAbstractWithasplit-beamscientificechosounderSimradEY6070kHzweinvestigatedthefisheryresourcesintheDahuo-fangＲeservoirinLiaoningProvinceonJuly19～21September14～162012andMay12～142013.Themainhydrogeologicalpa-rametersweresurveyedinvariousstationsdistributedintheuppermiddleandlowerreaches.Moreovertheseasonalvariationoffishdensityanddistributionwereanalyzedtoestimatetheexistingresourceabundanceinthereservoirandtheseasonalvariabilityofverti-callyfishdistributionwasdiscussedwithconsiderationtohydrologicalparameters.Ｒesultsshowthatthefishmainlydistributedatdepthof0～10minthespring5～15minsummerand10～20minautumnrespectively.Thehorizontalfishdistributionwasuniformassmallclustersinspringassembledinupperandmiddlereachesasseparatingindividualsinsummerandmovedtolowerreachesinau-tumn.Theseasonalchangesinwatertemperatureanddissolvedoxygenwereobviousandthefishdistributionwhichwasmainlyinthelayerabovethethermoclinewasinfluencedbywatertemperature.Thehydrogeologicalparameterswererelativestableinautumncom-paredwiththeotherseasons.Therewasn'tathermoclineinthereservoirandthefishechowasalmostatsingletargetechostatewhichwassuitableforacousticsurveyandfisheryresourceassessment.Theabundanceofreservoirwasestimatedas1522tinSeptember.Keywordsacousticsurveyinfreshwaterresourceassessmentinreservoirseasonalvariabilitydensityoffish41°47'N～41°57'N124°05'E～124°22'E。35km37m114km261321.87×109m3。115Hypophthalmichthysmolitrix、Aristichthysnobilis、Cyprinuscarpio、Car-assiusauratus、Ctenopharyngodonidellus。、85%。1040t58%、27%35～100g·－1。9、。。。。、、、、、1－7。2007《》8。9－13。、、2012719～21、914～162013512～14、、。11.1T、、“”。、、8A1、A2B1、B2、B3C1、C2C31727。17A、B、C、、Fig.1AcousticsurveytraceandhydrographicinvestigationstationsinDahuofangＲeservoirinJuly2012TheABandCareasareuppermiddleandlowerreachesrespectively.1.2YSI6100、pH、DOa。6m2.5m6kn。SimradEY6070kHz7°、0.256ms、300W、0.1s。1m。、38.1mm。GPSGarmin60CSＲS232。Echoview4.0Myriax。1.3《》8。1410、201152%22%6～11。targetstrengthTSKＲMTS14－15TSa=21.1logLcm－67.11Lcmcm。TSa。14W=0.0167L2.98062WgLcm。Asm2WT=As∑ki=1＜ni＞Wi32a.20135b.20127c.20129Fig.2WatertemperatureprofileinsurveystationsofDahuofangＲeservoirindifferentseasonsa.May2013b.July2012c.September2012i＜n＞。15－17ni=sa＜σbs＞ipi＜σbs＞i∑ki=1pi＜σbs＞()i4sapTS＜σbs＞TS。100m。Echoview12、TSa＜σbs＞p3sa44TS·m－2523、、6。22.12。201352012756～86153a.20135b.20127c.20129Fig.3DissolvedoxygenprofileinsurveystationsofDahuofangＲeservoirindifferentseasonsa.May2013b.July2012c.September2012m8～10m715～20m4～6℃。2012915m。5、7910～15℃18～27℃20～22℃7。ρDO3。ρDO。7ρDO59。75mρDO10～14mg·L－15mρDO。5ρDO3～5mg·L－1。915mρDO7～10mg·L－115mρDO。59ρDO7ρDO。5pH7.71、a12.09μg·L－1、1.96m。7pH8.27、a27.7μg·L－1、1.50m。9pH7.62、a12.06μg·L－12.25m。pH。5ρDO7、9ρDO。。7。2.22.2.14～6。201270～5m5～15m15m44c。9710m5。201355～10m6。、。0～5mTS－70～－58dB、Hemi-culterleucisculus＜15cm。5～15m、。、。4ab161047a～b.c.Fig.4CharacteristicsoffishechoinmiddlereachesofDahuofangＲeservoirinJulya～b.bubblec.fishstock59a.b.、c.d.、Fig.5CharacteristicsofsinglefishechoinmiddlereachesinDahuofangＲeservoirinSeptembera.H.leucisculusb.H.molitrixandA.nobilisc.fishstockd.C.carpioorC.idellus65abFig.6CharacteristicsoffishechoinDahuofangＲeservoirinMayaandbindicatesmallfishstocks7Fig.7FrequencydistributionoffishtargetstrengthinDahuofangＲeservoirindifferentseasons。456、。7。7、9、5。7TS－66～－62dB9TS－64dB5TS－54dB、－48dB－42dB3。、10cm1－46dB、。。、、。71～4m。5～15m。2.2.28。20127920cm。20135、、。57、9、。9。7、954634t1522t1012t。7、。56178a、b、cFig.8FishdensityfordifferentfishlengthsinupperamiddlebandlowercreachesofDahuofangＲeservoirindifferentseasons9Fig.9AbundancefordifferentfishlengthsinDahuofangＲeservoirindifferentseasons10a.20135b.20127c.20129Fig.10Verticaldistributionoffisheryresourcesfordifferentbodylengthsindifferentseasonsa.May2013b.July2012c.September2012。9。POPO19721513t16。2.2.310。50～10m75～15m。50cm0～15m50cm5～15m910～20m5～15m0～5m5715m57。2.350～10m6～12℃2－a75～15m1810、16～21℃910～20m918～21℃。72－c。DO、pHa、。3、5、79。17－19。。3.1、、10m。、10～15m。Hemiculterleucisculus。、、10。Megalobramaamblycephala、Erythroculterilishaeformis、Hemis-alanxprognathus。775TS20dB。3.2。、20122～51513t1522t。3.3“”。8。、。。。《》8。。。1152%、。TS10－11TS4－71、TS。4a、b20－21。。46。。1.J．2002266585－590.2.J．200716186－91.3.J．2005202100－104.6194.EY60J．2009216865－872.5.———J．20106550－55.6.J．20081125－33.7.GISJ．201030112992－3000.8GBT12763.6-20076M．200790－97.9MULLIGANTJKIESEＲＲ.Comprisonofacousticpopulationes-timatesofsalmoninalakewithaweircountJ．CanJFishAquatSci198643773－8413.10ＲUDSTAMLGPAＲKEＲSLEINHOUSEDWetal.Appli-cationofinsitutarget-strengthestimationinlakeexamplesfromrainbow-smeltsurveysinLakesErieandChamplainJ．MarSci2003603500－507.11WAＲNEＲDMＲUDSTAMLGKLUMBＲA