新能源汽车技术培训-功能安全Functional-Safety

系统诊断系统诊断系统诊断系统诊断，，，，失效分析和功能安全简介失效分析和功能安全简介失效分析和功能安全简介失效分析和功能安全简介第一章失效模式分析工具第二章动力系统的诊断简介第三章功能安全简介第一章第一章第一章第一章失效模式分析工具失效模式分析工具失效模式分析工具失效模式分析工具4KanoModelFrameworkCustomersSatisfiedCustomersDissatisfiedProductFullyFunctional
Highlightsbenefits&limitationsofdifferentwaystoimprovesatisfaction
OrganizesandprioritizesCriticaltoSatisfactionitems
Providesatemplateforplanning,executingandassessingprogress
y-axis:CustomerSatisfaction
x-axis:DegreeofAchievementofDesiredFunctionDevelopedbyDr.NoriakiKano,TokyoRikaUniversity,inthelate70’sandearly80’sProductDysfunctionalTheKanomodelidentifiesthreeaspectsofquality,eachexhibitingadifferenteffectonCustomerSatisfaction•BasicQuality–Unspokenneeds—unlessviolated–“JustpreventitandIwon’tbeunhappy”•PerformanceQuality–Spokenwants—satisfactiongrowsproportionallywithperformance–“Iwantmore______”•ExcitementQuality–Unspokenwants—oftencan’tbedescribedexplicitlyuntilexperienced–“Wow!”ThreeAspectsofQuality6BasicQuality•Itemsforwhichcustomerislesssatisfiedwhentheproductperformspoorly,butisnotmoresatisfiedwhentheproductperformswell•FixingtheseitemswillnotraisesatisfactionbeyondacertainlimitDegreeofAchievementCustomerSatisfactionSources
TGWSatisfactionInhibitors(GQRS)
TopRepair/Defectitems(warrantydata)TrimDefectsSqueaks&RattlesEngineMalfunctionsTransmissionFaults7PerformanceQualityDegreeofAchievementCustomerSatisfactionSources
ItemswithHighSatisfactionLeverage(GQRS)
Requestsfromconsumerinterviews
Benchmarkingcomparisonsforkeyattributes
“Lead”and“AmongtheLeaders”itemsfromProductAttributeLeadershipStrategy(PALS)WindNoiseShiftQualityPower&PickupFuelEconomy
Itemsforwhichcustomerismoresatisfiedthebettertheproductperformsandlesssatisfiedtheworsetheproductperforms
Attributesthatcanbeclassifiedas“linearsatisfiers”8ExcitementQualityDegreeofAchievementCustomerSatisfaction
Itemsforwhichcustomerismoresatisfiedwhentheproductismorefunctionalbutisnotlesssatisfiedwhentheproductislessfunctional
SurprisesandDelightsRideInteriorFeaturesSources
ItemswithHigh%BetterthanExpected&Verbatims(GQRS)
Consumerinsight/observation(Retail,Fleet,andEnthusiasts)
NewTechnologyfromfuturing
“Lead”itemsfromPALS:attributesthatdrivethebrandandaredeliveredwithflawlessexecutionNote:GQRSdatacanrevealitemsthatprovidedexcitementqualityinthepast,butcannotpredictitemsthatwillprovideexcitementqualityinthefuture“House”ofQualityQualityFunctionDeployment•QFDisaplanningtoolthatincorporatesthevoiceofthecustomerintoproductandprocesscharacteristicsthatsatisfythecustomer•QFDmatricesportraytherelationshipbetweenproductorprocess“whats”and“hows”RELATIONSHIPMATRIXWHATHOWtargetvaluesNodazzlefromhighlightsRainwaterrunsoffNoglarefromsunQuicklyde-mists/de-icesHOWMUCHCORRELATIONWHATSHOWSCustomerneeds/wantsFunctionalRequirementsFunctionalRequirementsDesignCharacteristicsDesignCharacteristicsMfg.ProcessCharacteristicsMfg.ProcessCharacteristicsMfg.ProcessControls10“QFDThinking”
TheessenceofDFSSis
understandingandrigorouscaptureofrelationshipsbetweencustomerwantsanddesign/processvariablesand
thedeploymentofdesignandprocessstrategiestoachievethecustomerwants
DFSStriestomakekeyrelationshipsevenmorerigorousthanQFDthroughtheestablishmentoftransferfunctionsCAUSE&EFFECTMATRIXWHATHOWNodazzlefromhighlightsRainwaterrunsoffNoglarefromsunQuicklyde-mists/de-icesHOWMUCHCORRELATIONStepAStepBStepCy’sx’sy’sY’s11GettingtoaTransferFunctionHouseofQuality#1TechnicalMetricsCustomerCTS’sHouseofQuality#2ProductDesignCharacteristicsProductDesignCTQ’sHouseofQuality#3ProcessCTQ’sHouseofQuality#4Mfg.ProcessCharacteristicsMfg.ProcessControlsYyx,nProcessCTQ’sQFDThinkingDFSSFunctionStructureDFSSprovidesanapproachforrigorouslycapturingtherelationshipsshowninQFDintheformofatransferfunctionTransferFunction12P-DiagramBoundaryDiagramInterfaceMatrixP-DiagramFMEA(withRobustnessLinkages)RobustnessandReliabilityChecklistDesignVerificationPlan(DVP)RobustnessDemonstrationMatrixP-Diagram
Organizessysteminputinto
ControlFactors
NoiseFactors
Signal
Captures
Idealresponse
Errorstates
Setsupexperimentalandnoisemanagementstrategies13IdealFunction•Taguchiintroducedtheconceptof“IdealFunction:”–Characterizeswhatthesystemisfundamentallysupposedtodo–Representstheidealsituationinwhichallinputenergyisconvertedtointendedfunction•P-diagramsaremostusefulconstructedatthelevelofasingleidealfunction(oftencomponentlevel)•Inreality,allengineeredsystemsarelessthanidealandconvertenergytoboth–Intendedfunction–Unintendedfunction(s)(errorstates)InputEnergyResponse:YIdealIDEALFUNCTIONerrorstates/failuremodesSignalXSYYSystemCTStoCTQAnalysis14FishboneDiagram(Cause&Effect)P-Diagram16第二章第二章第二章第二章动力系统诊断功能简介动力系统诊断功能简介动力系统诊断功能简介动力系统诊断功能简介OnBoardDiagnostics•车载自动诊断系统“OBDⅡ”是“onBoardDiagnosticsⅡ”，即Ⅱ型车载诊断系统的缩写。•为使汽车排放和驱动性相关故障的诊断标准化，从1996年开始，凡在美国销售的全部新车，其诊断仪器、故障编码和检修步骤必须相似，即符合OBDⅡ程序规定。随着经济全球化和汽车国际化的程度越来越高，作为驱动性和排放诊断基础，OBDⅡ系统将得到越来越广泛的实施和应用。OBDⅡ程序使得汽车故障诊断简单而统一，维修人员不需专门学习每一个厂家的新系统18混合动力故障诊断技术混合动力故障诊断技术OBD的历史里程的历史里程的历史里程的历史里程：：：：1996年年年年，，，，美国加州美国加州美国加州美国加州CARB强制要求所有新车都必须配备强制要求所有新车都必须配备强制要求所有新车都必须配备强制要求所有新车都必须配备OBDII系统系统系统系统。。。。2001年年年年，，，，欧盟要