美国国家城市交通管理规划指南

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QualityAssuranceStatementTheFederalHighwayAdministration(FHWA)provideshigh-qualityinformationtoserveGovernment,industry,andthepublicinamannerthatpromotespublicunderstanding.Standardsandpoliciesareusedtoensureandmaximizethequality,objectivity,utility,andintegrityofitsinformation.FHWAperiodicallyreviewsqualityissuesandadjustsitsprogramsandprocessestoensurecontinuousqualityimprovement.TechnicalReportDocumentationPage1.ReportNo.FHWA-HOP-08-0072.GovernmentAccessionNo.3.Recipient’sCatalogNo.4.TitleandSubtitleManagement&OperationsintheMetropolitanTransportationPlan:AGuidebookforCreatinganObjectives-Driven,Performance-BasedApproachInterimDraft5.ReportDateNovember20076.PerformingOrganizationCode7.AuthorsJ.Mason(SAIC),M.Grant(ICF),W.Messenger(ICF),J.Bauer(SAIC),M.Smith(SAIC)8.PerformingOrganizationReportNo.9.PerformingOrganizationNameandAddressScienceApplicationsInternationalCorporation(SAIC)1710SAICDriveMcLean,VA22102ICFInternational9300LeeHighwayFairfax,VA22031-120710.WorkUnitNo.(TRAIS)11.ContractorGrantNo.DTFH61-06-D-0000512.SponsoringAgencyNameandAddressUnitedStatesDepartmentofTransportationFederalHighwayAdministration1200NewJerseyAve.,SEWashington,DC2059013.TypeofReportandPeriodCoveredInterimDraftAugust2006-November200714.SponsoringAgencyCodeHOP15.SupplementaryNotesWayneBerman(COTM),FHWAOfficeofOperations16.AbstractThisguidebookisdesignedtoprovideabasisonwhichtointegratetransportationsystemmanagementandoperations(M&O)intothemetropolitantransportationplanningprocessandtoassistMPOsinmeetingFederalrequirementsunderSAFETEA-LUcallingforM&Ostrategiestobeincorporatedintothemetropolitantransportationplan(MTP).IthighlightseffectivepracticesthatresultinanMTPwithamoreoptimalmixofinfrastructureandoperationalstrategies,foundedontheinclusionofmeasurable,performance-basedregionaloperationsobjectives.KeyWordsMetropolitantransportationplanning,MPO,managementandoperations,objectives-drivenplanning,performance-basedplanning,operationalstrategies18.DistributionStatementNorestrictions.Thisdocumentisavailabletothepublicfrom:TheNationalTechnicalInformationService,Springfield,VA22161.19.SecurityClassif.(ofthisreport)Unclassified20.SecurityClassif.(ofthispage)Unclassified21.NoofPages6422.PriceN/AFormDOTF1700.7(8-72)Reproductionofcompletedpageauthorized.CONTENTSPreface...................................................................................................................................................................................viiExecutive Summary...........................................................................................................................................................ix1.0  Introduction..................................................................................................................................................................1‐11.1Creating an Objectives‐Driven Approach to Management and Operations.......................1‐11.2What Is Management & Operations?............................................................................................1‐11.3Motivation for Integrating M&O in the Metropolitan Transportation Plan.......................1‐21.4SAFETEA‐LU Requirements..........................................................................................................1‐3Federal Requirements.................................................................................................................1‐3M&O in the Context of Multiple Metropolitan Planning Requirements......................1‐31.5The Role of Regional Operations Objectives and the Congestion Management Process..................................................................................................................................................1‐5Regional Operations Objectives..............................................................................................1‐5The Congestion Management Process....................................................................................1‐51.6Overview of this Guidebook..........................................................................................................1‐62.0  An Objectives‐Driven Performance‐Based Approach to M&O In The MTP...............................................2‐12.1Motivation for a New Approach to M&O in the MTP.............................................................2‐1Current Practice: Challenges And Opportunities................................................................2‐1Rationale for an Objectives‐Driven Approach to M&O in the MTP..............................2‐22.2A Framework for Objectives‐Driven Performance‐Based M&O in Planning....................2‐2Overview of the New Approach..............................................................................................2‐2What the Resulting MTP Looks Like......................................................................................2‐42.3Benefits of Applying Regional Operations Objectives in the MTP...................................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