定语从句简单

TheAttributiveclause定语从句定语从句：由一个句子充当定语从句的位置：在名词或代词后先行词：被定语从句修饰的词引导词：引导定语从句的词关系代词关系副词引导词的作用:(1)引导定语从句(2)在从句中作一成份(3)代替先行词在从句中的位置先行词和关系词先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。先行词、关系词/引导词{对等}代替Thatisthebikewhichmyfatherboughtforme.先行词＝关系词bike关系词的作用：既引导定语从句，又在定语从句中充当某种成分。分类TheRestrictiveAttributiveClause限制性定语从句TheAttributiveClause定语从句TheNon-RestrictiveAttributiveClause非限制性定语从句限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句：Themanwhocamehereyesterdayhascomeagain.限制性定语从句是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语，如果去掉，主句的意思就不完整或失去意义。这种从句和主句关系十分密切，写时不用逗号分开。非限制性定语从句和主句关系不很密切，只是对先行词作些附加说明，如果去掉，主句的意思仍然清楚。这种从句，写时往往逗号分开。1.Hismother,whomheloveddearly,wentabroad.2.Thismachine,whichhehaslookedafterformanyyears,isstillworkingperfectly.3.Aqiao,whoseparentshaddied,hadtomakealivingbyherself.4.Thefamily,wholivedupstairs,arefondofmusic.说明：非限制性定语不能用that引导；作宾语用的关系代词不能省；要用逗号隔开。用法与区别限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句“限”是先行词不可缺少的定语.如果省去，主句意思不完整或不明确；“非限”只是附加说明。AllthepeopleweretalkingaboutthewonderfulclothTheemperorhadorderedtobewovenTheysetupastateoftheirown,wheretheywouldbefreetokeepNegroesasslaves.“限”于主句之间不能用逗号隔开；“非限”与主句之间要用逗号隔开。Sheisthenursewholooksafterthechildren.Theletterisfrommysister,whoisworkinginBeijing.“限”可以用that引导；“非限”不能用that引导ThatistheverytoolthatwearelookingforIsawagoodfilm,whichwasabouttheLongMarch“限”的关联词作宾语时可省；非限则不可Iwillneverforgettheday（that）wespenttogetherthereHisdog,whichhelikedverymuch,diedyesterday.“限”一般只修饰先行词；非限既可修饰先行词，也可是前面的整个句子或句子的一部分IhavefinishedthenovelthatyoulentmeyesterdayHesuddenlyfellill,whichpreventedhimfromgoingtoschool.关系代词关系副词先行词句中作用省否who人主语关系代词在句中作宾语可以省略whom人宾语which物主语／宾语that人／物主语／宾语whose人／物定语When时间状语where地点状语why原因状语thehandsomethetallthestrongthecleverthenaughtyboyTheboyisTom.TheboywhoishandsomeisTom.TheboywhoistallisTom.TheboywhoisstrongisTomTheboywhoiscleverisTomTheboywhoisnaughtyisTom.TheboyisTom.Theboyissmiling.TheboyisTom.Theboyhasaroundface.TheboywhoissmilingisTom.(主语)TheboywhohasaroundfaceisTom.TheboyisTom.Hesitsinfrontofme.ThemanwhositsinfrontofmeisTom.Thewomangotthejob.ThewomancanspeakRussian.ThewomanwhocanspeakRussiangotthejob.Theteacherwillgiveusatalk.Theteacherisfamous.Theteacherwhoisfamouswillgiveusatalk.Themaniskind.Everyonelikeshim.Theman(whom)everyonelikesiskind.(宾语)Thewomangotthejob.Wesawheronthestreet.Thewoman(whom)wesawonthestreetgotthejob.Theteacherwillgiveusatalk.Wemettheteacheryesterday.Theteacher(whom)wemetyesterdaywillgiveusatalk.Ex:Heistheteacher.TheteachercanspeakFrench.HeistheteacherwhocanspeakFrench.Doyouknowtheman?Hecametovisityoutoday.Doyouknowthemanwhocametovisityoutoday?Theladysteppedonhisfoot.Hewasdancingwiththelady.Thelady(whom)hewasdancingwithsteppedonhisfoot.Doyouknowtheman?Youwillvisithimtoday.Doyouknowthemanwhomyouwillvisittoday?appletheredthegreenthesmallthebigTheapplewhichisredismine.Theapplewhichisgreenisyours.TheapplewhichisredissmallTheapplewhichisgreenisbig.Mrs.Clarkisangrywiththegoat.Thegoatiseatingherflowers.Mrs.Clarkisangrywiththegoatwhichiseatingherflowers.Canyoulendmethebook?Youtalkedaboutitlastnight.Canyoulendmethebook(which)youtalkedaboutlastnight.that指人/物，作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略）Aplaneisamachine.Itcanfly.Aplaneisamachinethatcanfly.Heistheman.Itoldyouabouthim.Heistheman(that)Itoldyouabout.Heistheman(that)Itoldyouabout.4.that指人/物，作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略）Aplaneisamachinethatcanfly.关系代词在定语从句中做主语,指人或指物,不能省掉.关系代词在定语从句中做宾语,指人或指物,可以省略.注意:Exercises:1.Thegirl_______issittinginthechairisagoodsinger.2.Theskirt__________Maryboughttwoyearsagoisold.3.Isthisthenovel__________youintroducedtome?4.Whereistheboy_______brokethewindow?5.Thepicture________youarelookingatwasdrawnbyafriendofmine.who/that(which/that)(that/which)who/that(which/that)whose在定语从句中作定语，表示引导词与whose后的名词为所属关系。whose多指人，也可指物，指物时可与ofwhich互换使用。Thisisthebookwhosecoverisblue.Thisisthebookofwhichthecover(thecoverofwhich)isblue.whose引导的定语从句Iknowthedoctor.Hisdaughterstudiesabroad.Iknowthedoctordaughterstudiesabroad.Haveyouseenmybook?Thebook’scoverisred.Haveyouseenmybookcoverisred.Have……bookthecoverofwhichisred.whosewhose用whose或者which填空1.Thestudent______fatherworksinthefactoryissittingthere.2.Iliketherooms______windowsfacesouth.3.Therewesawsometrees,theleavesof______wereblackwithdisease.4.Thisisthedesk______legswerebroken.whosewhosewhichwhose二.介词+关系代词引导的定语从句Thisistheroom.Iliveintheroom.ThisistheroomIliveinThisistheroomIlive.Iknowthemanyoutalkedto.Iknowthemanyoutalked.which/thatinwhich(who/whom/that)towhom6.Hisbrotherwastheperson________IwenttoBeijing.7.Isthismantheone__________youshookhandsjustnow.8.Hehasthreedaughters,twoof_____areteachers.9.TherearemanylongriversinChina,______theChangjiangRiveristhelongest.withwhomwithwhomwhomofwhichExercises:关系副词关系副词是用来引导定语从句的，它和关系代词一样，具有数种作用。△在从句中代替先行词。△在句中作状语。△连接作用，把两个句子连接成为一个带有定语从句的复合句。关系副词有三种：where:在从句中作地点状语,指代地点.(on/in/at…which)when:在从句中作时间状语,指代时间。(on/in…which)why:在从句中作原因状语,指代原因。thereasonwhy由关系副词(wherewhenwhy)引导的定语从句。1.Where先行词是地点的名词，在定语从句中充当状语(=介+which)Thisisthefactory.Weworkedinthefactory3yearsago.Thisisthefactory3yearsago.which/thatweworkedininwhichweworkedwhereweworkedThisisthetown_________(=___which)Ispentmychildhood.Thetable__________(=___whic