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英语语法系列讲座定语从句（1）TheAttributiveClauseExercises学习内容：1.什么是定语？2.什么是定语从句？3.定语从句的分类4.定语从句中的构成和注意事项5.关系词的实质和先行词之间的关系1）关系代词的实质和用法2）关系副词的和先行词之间的关系6.几种易混的情况1.什么是定语？2.什么是定语从句？3.定语从句的分类4.限制性定语从句的构成5.关系词的实质和先行词之间的关系1）关系代词的实质和用法2）关系副词的和先行词之间的关系6.几种易混的情况什么是定语和定语从句？Comparethefollowingsentences.Whatpartdothewordsinboldplayinthesentences?Thegirlismysister.Thetallgirlismysister.Thegirlwho/thatisdancingismysister.定语是句子中用来修饰名词或代词的成分。通常由形容词或其他形容词性的形式担任。起定语作用的句子叫做定语从句或形容词性从句。被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫做先行词。定语从句的分类定语从句TheRestrictiveAttributiveClause限制性定语从句TheNon-RestrictiveAttributiveClause非限制性定语从句Thegirlwho/thatisdancingismysister.Rose,whoisdancing,ismysister.限制性定语从句的构成Themanwholivesnexttoussellsvegetables.YoumustdoeverythingthatIdo.IhavefoundthebookwhichIlost.IvisitedtheschoolwhereIstudied.关系代词关系副词注意事项:1.从句的位置:2.翻译方法:3.构成：先行词之后“….的”关系词定语从句的后置ThedaycameatlastwhenIwenttocollege.Helaughsbestwholaughslast.HeistheonlyoneoftheteacherswhocomesfromQingdao.先行词和关系词的关系Aplaneisamachinethatcanfly.TheboywhobrokethewindowiscalledTom.Theboywhoseparentsaredeadwasbroughtupbyhisgrandfather.TheschoolwhereIstudyisfarfrommyhome.themachine=thattheboy=whotheboy’s=whoseintheschool=where关系代词指代先行词关系词whose实际上是先行词的所有格关系副词实际上是介词＋先行词Jointhefollowingsentences:Aplaneisamachine.Themachinecanfly.关系代词的实质Jointhefollowingsentences:Aplaneisamachine.Themachinecanfly.Aplaneiscanfly.themachineamachine关系代词的实质Jointhefollowingsentences:Aplaneisamachine.Themachinecanfly.Aplaneiscanfly.amachinethat/which关系代词的实质Jointhefollowingsentences:ThegirlisMary.Wesawheryesterday.关系代词的实质Jointhefollowingsentences:ThegirlisMary.Wesawheryesterday.wesawyesterdayisMary.herThegirl关系代词的实质Jointhefollowingsentences:ThegirlisMary.Wesawheryesterday.wesawyesterdayisMary.herThegirl关系代词的实质Jointhefollowingsentences:ThegirlisMary.Wesawheryesterday.wesawyesterdayisMary.herThegirl关系代词的实质Jointhefollowingsentences:ThegirlisMary.Wesawheryesterday.wesawyesterdayisMary.herThegirl关系代词的实质Jointhefollowingsentences:ThegirlisMary.Wesawheryesterday.wesawyesterdayisMary.herThegirl关系代词的实质Jointhefollowingsentences:ThegirlisMary.Wesawheryesterday.wesawyesterdayisMary.herThegirl关系代词的实质Jointhefollowingsentences:ThegirlisMary.Wesawheryesterday.Thegirlthat/whowesawyesterdayisMary.关系代词的实质可见，关系代词有两个作用：1.指代先行词2.在定语从句中担任主、宾、表等成分。指人指物主语宾语thatwhichwhowhom关系代词的用法√√√√√√√√√√√√××××关系代词在从句中可以：做宾语时可以省略讨论：关系代词何时可以省略？关系代词的用法练习1.Theeggswerenotfresh.Iboughtthemyesterday.2.Thefriendwasnothungry.Hecametosupperlastnight.3.Heprefersthecheese.Itcomesfromhisparent’sfarm.4.Thenoodlesweredelicious.Youcookedthem.5.Idon’tlikethepeople.Theysmokealot.Theeggs(that/which)Iboughtthemwerenotfresh.Thefriendwho/thathecametosupperlastnightwasnothungry..Heprefersthecheesethat/whichitcomesfromhisparent’sfarm.Thenoodles(which/that)youcookedthemweredelicious.Idon’tlikethepeoplethat/whotheysmokealot.关系副词和先行词的关系IstillrememberthedaywhenIcamehere.ThisisthehousewhereIlivedlastyear.Therearemanyreasonswhypeopleliketraveling.Idon’tliketheway(that)youspeak.ontheday=wheninthehouse=whereforthereasons=whyintheway=that关系副词实际上是介词＋先行词，在定语从句中作时间、地点、原因、方式等状语。1.I’llneverforgetthedays____________weworkedtogether.2.I’llneverforgetthedays___________wespenttogether.3.Iwenttotheplace_____________Iworkedtenyearsago.4.Iwenttotheplace_____________Ivisitedtenyearsago.5.Thisisthereason______________hewaslate.6.Thisisthereason_______________hegave.when/inwhich(which/that)where/inwhichwhy/forwhich几种易混的情况vt.vt.vt.vi.(which/that)(which/that)vi.ExercisesFillintheblankswiththesuitablerelativepronounsortherelativeadverbs.1.Istillrememberthedate______________IwenttoNanjingforthefirsttime.2.Areyousatisfiedwiththepark______________youvisitedlasttime?3.Wedon’tknowthenumberofpeople____________Iknowwerekilledintheearthquake.4.Doyouhaveanything_______youdon’tunderstand?5.ThisisthebestTV_______ismadeinChina.6.Thefirstmuseum_______hevisitedinChinawastheHistoryMuseum.7.Hanyistheboy________motherisourteacher.when/onwhich(which/that)who/that(that)that(that)whoseHomework:1.读语法书上定语从句的相关内容并找出问题。2.结合世纪金榜P.42练习题，总结只能用that和只能用which引导定语从句的情况。THANKYOU难用的whoseTheteacherpraisedthestudent.HisEnglishisthebestinourclass.TheteacherpraisedthestudentwhoseEnglishisthebestinourclass.Jointhefollowingpairofsentences.whose=thestudent’s关系词whose实际上是先行词的所有格难用的whoseThehouseismine.Thewindowofthehouseisbroken.Jointhefollowingpairofsentences.Thehousewhosewindowisbrokenismine.whose=thehouse’swindowThehouseismine.thewindowofwhichisbrokenofwhichthewindowisbroken非限制性定语从句ThetownwhereIliveisbeautiful.Hami,whereIlive,isbeautiful.Teacherswhoarekindarepopularwiththestudents.MrWang,whoiskind,ispopularwiththestudents.Pleasecompare:形式作用能否省略翻译限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句ThetownwhereIliveisbeautiful.Hami,whereIlive,isbeautiful.Teacherswhoarekindarepopularwiththestudents.MrWang,whoiskind,ispopularwiththestudents.Pleasecompare:形式作用翻译限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句插入成分修饰限定补充解释能不能….的能否省略Teacherswhoarekindarepopularwiththestudents.MrWang,whoiskind,ispopularwiththestudents.分析两种定语从句省略后的结果ThetownwhereIliveisbeautiful.Hami,whereIlive,isbeautiful.分析两种定语从句省略后的结果限制性定语从句省略后主语所指就不明确，所以不能省略非限制性定语从句