第四节 定语从句的翻译

定语从句的翻译定语从句虽然在英文中很常见，但却是中文中所没有的结构之一。在具体翻译时，必须正确体会原文的逻辑概念，合理安排译文的语序，根据其结构和含义采用不同的译法。一、前置法：把定语从句翻译到所修饰的先行词前面，可以用“的”来连接Hewhohasnevertastedwhatisbitterdoesnotknowwhatissweet.Spaceandoceansarethenewworldwhichscientistsaretryingtoexplore.Hislaughter，whichwasinfectious，brokethesilence.课堂练习1.Thereareothertechniquesthatmighthelpyouwithyourstudying.2.Wordsarelivingthings,theverybodiesinwhichideasandemotionsbecomematerialized.3.Thosewhodidnotdiefromsmallpoxusuallycarriedscarsontheirfacesforlife.4.Thereasonwhyhefailedisstillobscure.5.Thepeoplewhoworkedforhimlivedinmortalfearofhim.6.Helikedhissister,whowaswarmandpleasant,buthedidnotlikehisbrother,whowasaloofandarrogant.二、后置法：把定语从句翻译在所修饰的先行词后面，翻译为并列分句ItoldthestorytoJohn，whotoldittohisbrother.You，whosepredecessorsscoredinitialsuccessinastronomicalresearch，haveacquiredagreateraccomplishmentinthisrespect.Althoughhelacksexperience,hehasenterpriseandcreativity,whicharedecisiveinachievingsuccessinthearea.Itwashewhoreceivedtheletterthatannouncedthedeathofyouruncle.Theyworkedoutanewmethodbywhichproductionhasnowbeenrapidlyincreased.课堂练习1.Christmasmusicislovedbyallwhohearandsingiteveryyear.2.Thetableswheretheworkerssatwereveryhighanduncomfortable.3.StratfordisthenativeplaceofShakespeareIhavelongedfor.4.Ourrecordsshowthatalargegroupofyoungpeople,about95%ofthemboys,arecomputerfreakswholivefornothingbutthemachine.TheyarestrivingfortheidealwhichisclosetotheheartofeveryChineseandforwhich,inthepast,manyChinesehavelaiddowntheirlives.三、融合法：把定语从句和它所修饰的先行词结合在一起翻译Thereisamandownstairswhowantstoseeyou.Inourfactory,therearemanypeoplewhoaremuchinterestedinthenewinvention.Weusedaplaneofwhichalmosteverypartcarriedsomeindicationofnationalidentity.课堂练习1.Therearemanypeoplewhowanttoseethefilm.2.Thereismuchthatwecanlearnfromhimtoday.3.PremierZhouEnlaiisagreatstatesmanwhosenameisknownallovertheworld.4.Homeworkersarepeoplewhohavemadedecisionsregardingtheircareersandlife-styles.