47多元统计分析论文

摘要I摘要婴幼儿肺炎是新生儿感染性疾病中最常见的一类疾病，具有发病率高和死亡率也较高的特点。当代抗生素种类繁多，治疗效果上也不尽相同，因此用统计学方法研究抗生素的治疗效果从而指导更快更好的治疗婴幼儿肺炎具有十分重要的意义。本课题对北京中医药大学东直门医院儿科2012年1月2013年12月肺炎入院的192份完整病例进行回顾性研究，从临床症状、实验室常规数据、细菌学分布方面，观察急性支气管肺炎住院患者，使用头孢呢酮舒巴坦钠(1:1)、阿莫西林舒巴坦钠、阿莫西林克拉维酸钾、头孢米诺钠的治疗情况，结合各项观察指标利用方差分析，主成分分析等方法对治疗效果进行比较，目的在于给出最佳治疗方法。并从药物经济学角度，运用成本-效果分析方法比较和分析不同的抗菌药物经验治疗方案治疗婴幼儿肺炎患者细菌感染的有效性、安全性和经济性，以寻找在早期经验治疗中疗效和成本上更具优势的用药方案，为安全、合理用药提供参考，为临床合理使用抗菌药物提供科学依据，为经验性治疗提供最佳方案。关键词婴幼儿肺炎；治疗效果；方差分析；主成分分析燕山大学本科生毕业论文IIAbstractNewborninfantswithpneumoniaisthemostcommoninfectiousdiseasesinaclassofdiseaseswithhighincidenceandhighmortalitycharacteristics，Contemporarywiderangeofantibiotics，thetreatmenteffectisnotthesame，sothestudyofthetherapeuticeffectofantibioticsusedstatisticalmethodstoguidefasterandbettertreatmentofinfantswithpneumoniahasveryimportantsignificance.ThetopicoftheBeijingUniversityofChineseMedicine，DongzhimenHospitalofPediatricsJanuary2012December2013of192casesofpneumoniainhospitalizedcompleteretrospectivestudy，clinicalsymptoms，routinelaboratorydatafromthedistributionofbacteriology，acutebronchialpneumoniainhospitalizedpatientsusingcephalosporinitonesulbactam(1:1)，AmoxicillinSodiumandSulbactamSodium，AmoxicillinandClavulanatePotassiumTabletsandCefminox，meicilintreatment，combinedwiththeobservedindicatorsofvarianceanalysis，principalcomponentanalysiscomparingtheeffectofthetreatment，thepurposeistogivethebesttreatment.KeywordsInfantswithpneumonia;Treatment;Analysisofvariance;PrincipalcomponentanalysisIII目录摘要............................................................................................错误!未定义书签。Abstract......................................................................................错误!未定义书签。第1章绪论..........................................................................................................11.1课题背景与研究目的............................................................................11.1.1课题背景.........................................................................................11.1.2研究目的.........................................................................................11.2国内外现状...........................................................................................11.3研究内容和实施方法...........................................................................31.3.1研究内容.........................................................................................31.3.2实施方法.........................................................................................31.4本文的主要工作....................................................................................4第2章预备知识..................................................................................................52.1相关概念................................................................................................52.1.1病例选取标准..................................................................................52.1.2病例剔除标准..................................................................................52.1.3观察指标..........................................................................................52.1.4四种药物的使用..............................................................................52.1.5疗效及安全性评价标准..................................................................52.2统计学相关知识....................................................................................62.2.1单因子方差分析.............................................................................62.2.2方差齐性检验...............................................................................102.2.3方差分析的多重比较...................................................................102.2.4主成分分析...................................................................................102.2.5SAS程序中的实现.............................................错误!未定义书签。2.3成本-效果分析的相关知识.......................................错误!未定义书签。2.3.1成本的确立...................................................................................132.3.2效果的定义...................................................................................152.3.3成本-效果分析..............................................................................15IV2.4本章小结..............................................................................................16第3章数据处理及结果...........................................................错误!未定义书签。3.1原始数据的比较........................................................错误!未定义书签。3.1.1治疗前的数据比较的方差分析..........................错误!未定义书签。3.1.2四种方法治疗后数据比较的方差分析..............错误!未定义书签。3.2婴幼儿肺炎治疗效果的主成分分析..................................................223.2.1主体及SAS程序.........................................................................223.2.2输出分析.......................................................................................233.3成本效果研究实施及治疗建议..........................................................243.3.1成本效果研究的实施.........................................错误!未定义书签。3.3.2最佳治疗方案的建议.........................................错误!未定义书签。3.4本章小结.............................................................................