题目自适应模糊PID控制器的MATLAB的设计学生姓名学号专业班级指导教师学院电气工程与信息工程学院答辩日期2I摘要PID(比例积分微分)控制具有结构简单、稳定性能好、可靠性高等优点,尤其适用于可建立精确数学模型的控制系统。而对于一些多变量、非线性、时滞的系统,传统的PID控制器并不能达到预期的效果。随着模糊数学的发展,模糊控制的思想逐渐得到控制工程师们的重视,各种模糊控制器也应运而生。而单纯的模糊控制器有其自身的缺陷——控制效果很粗糙、控制精度无法达到预期标准。但利用传统的PID控制器和模糊控制器结合形成的模糊自适应的PID控制器可以弥补其缺陷;它将系统对应的误差和误差变化率反馈给模糊控制器进而确定相关参数,保证系统工作在最佳状态,实现优良的控制效果。本设计介绍了参数自适应模糊PID控制器的设计方法和步骤。并利用MATLAB中的SIMULINK和模糊逻辑推理系统工具箱进行了控制系统的仿真研究,并简要地分析了对应的仿真数据。关键词:经典PID控制;模糊控制;自适应模糊PID控制器;参数整定;MATLAB仿真IIABSTRACTPID(ProportionIntegrationDifferentiation)control,withlotsofadvantagesincludingsimplestructure,goodstabilityandhighreliability,isquitesuitabletoestablishespeciallythecontrolsystemwhichaccuratemathematicalmodelisavailableandneeded.However,takenmultivariable,nonlinearandtime-lagintoconsideration,traditionalPIDcontrollercannotreachtheexpectedeffect.AlongwiththedevelopmentofFuzzyMathematics,controlengineersgraduallypaymuchattentiontotheideaofFuzzyControl,thuspromotingtheinventionoffuzzycontrollers.However,simplefuzzycontrollerhasitsowndefect,wherecontroleffectisquitecoarseandthecontrolprecisioncannotreachtheexpectedlevel.Therefore,theFuzzyAdaptivePIDControlleriscreatedbytakingadvantageofthesuperiorityofPIDControllerandFuzzyController.Takenthiscontrollerinuse,thecorrespondingerroranditsdifferentialerrorofthecontrolsystemcanbefeedbackedtotheFuzzyLogicController.Moreover,thethreeparametersofPIDControllerisdeterminedonlinethroughfuzzification,fuzzyreasoninganddefuzzificationofthefuzzysystemtomaintainbetterworkingconditionthanthetraditionalPIDcontroller.Meanwhile,thedesignmethodandgeneralstepsareintroducedoftheParameterself-settingFuzzyPIDController.Eventually,theFuzzyInferenceSystemsToolboxandSIMULINKtoolboxareusedtosimulateControlSystem.TheresultsofthesimulationshowthatSelf-organizingFuzzyControlSystemcangetabettereffectthanClassicalPIDcontrolledevidently.Keywords:ClassicPIDcontrol;FuzzyControl;Parameterstuning;theFuzzyAdaptivePIDController;MATLABsimulationIII目录摘要-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------IABSTRACT----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------II第1章绪论------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------11.1课题的研究背景及意义----------------------------------------------------------------------11.2PID控制的特点--------------------------------------------------------------------------------11.3模糊控制技术概述-----------------------------------------------------------------------------2第2章模糊控制理论------------------------------------------------------------------------------------42.1模糊集合定义-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------42.2模糊语言-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------42.3模糊变量的隶属函数-------------------------------------------------------------------------52.4模糊推理系统的数据结构管理函数介绍-------------------------------------------------92.5论域、量化因子、比例因子的选择-----------------------------------------------------112.5.1论域及基本论域---------------------------------------------------------------------112.5.2量化因子及比例因子---------------------------------------------------------------12第3章基于MATLAB的模糊控制器的设计内容-------------------------------------------------143.1模糊控制器概述------------------------------------------------------------------------------143.2模糊控制器设计所包括的内容-----------------------------------------------------------143.3模糊控制器的结构设计--------------------------------------------------------------------143.4模糊控制器规则的设计--------------------------------------------------------------------153.5精确量的模糊化------------------------------------------------------------------------------153.6模糊推理及其模糊量去模糊化方法-----------------------------------------------------163.7模糊控制规则表------------------------------------------------------------------------------163.8模糊控制器的维数确定--------------------------------------------------------------------17第4章PID控制器--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------194.1PID的概述-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------194.2PID控制的基本理论-----------------------------------------------------------------------194.3模糊PID控制-------------------------------------------------------------------------------214.4模糊PID控制器组织结构------------------------------------------------------------------224.5模糊PID控制器模糊部分设计------------------------------------------------------------224.5.1定义输入、输出模糊集并确定个数类别--------------------------------------224.5.2确定输入输出变量的实际论域--------------------------------------------------234.5.3定义输入、输出的隶属函数-----------------------------------------------------23IV4.5.4确定相关模糊规则并建立模糊控制规则表-----------------------------------254.5.5模糊推理------------------------------------------------------------------------------25第5章模糊PID控制器的MATLAB仿真------------------------------------------------------------265.1模糊控制器的设计--------------------------------------------------------------------------