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安徽工程大学机电学院毕业设计（论文）I基于单片机的电子抢答器摘要抢答器是一种广泛应用于企事业单位和商业部门，为各种知识竞赛、文娱活动提供公正客观快速裁决的一种常用电子设备，也是一种逐渐成型的电子产品，但市面上所售抢答器价格一般较贵且多为小规模集成电路构成，其性能单一，工作起来不够理想。因此，提高抢答器的性能，使其具有更强的功能，使用可靠方便已为抢答器发展的一个方向。随着集成技术和计算机技术的发展，单片机作为其中的一个分支亦于20世纪80年代以来获得了飞速发展，各种新品不断涌现，使单片机的应用更加深入，灵活性也大大增强。本设计是采用单片机设计一款八路多功能电子抢答器。此抢答器除了具有基本的抢答功能以外，还具有答题时间控制等功能。它充分利用了单片机系统的优点，具有结构简单、功能强大、可靠性好、实用性强的特点。本设计利用8051系列单片机中的AT89C51为主控芯片及外围接口实现抢答系统，利用单片机的定时器/计数器定时和记数的原理，将软、硬件有机地结合起来，使得系统能够正确地进行计时，同时使数码管能够正确地显示时间。用开关做键盘输出，扬声器发生提示。同时系统能够实现：在抢答中，只有开始后抢答才有效，如果在开始抢答前抢答为无效；抢答限定时间和回答问题的时间可在1-99s设定；可以显示是哪位选手有效抢答和无效抢答，正确按键后有音乐提示；抢答时间和回答问题时间倒记时显示，满时后系统计时自动复位及主控强制复位等多种功能。关键词：电子抢答器；单片机；多功能刘理：基于单片机的电子抢答器IIElectronicResponderonSingle-chipAbstractResponderisawidelyusedinenterprisesandcommercialsectors,forvariousquizcompetitions,culturalactivitiestoprovidefairandobjectivedecisionofapopularfastelectronicdevices,isalsoagradualshapingofelectronicproducts,buttheanswerinthemarketforsalepricesgenerallymoreexpensivedevicesandintegratedcircuitsforsmall-scalestructure,itsperformancesingle,workingtogetherisnotideal.Therefore,improvingtheansweringdeviceperformance,itismorefunctional,reliableandeasytousedevelopmenthasbeenansweringdeviceinonedirection.Withtheintegrationoftechnologyandcomputertechnology,microcomputerasabranchalsointhe20thcentury,hasgiven80yearsrapiddevelopment,avarietyofnewproductscontinuetoemerge,sothatSCMcanbeusedmorein-depth,flexibilityisgreatlyenhanced.Thisdesignisusedtodesignasinglechipeight-waymulti-functionelectronicansweringdevice.ThisResponderResponderadditiontobasicfunctions,italsohastheanswertimecontrolfunctions.ItmakesfulluseofSCMsystem;ithasasimplestructure,powerful,goodreliability,practicalfeatures.Thedesignusedin8051asthemainchipandexternaltheAT89C51MCUinterfaceanswersystemusingsinglechiptimer/countertimingandcountingofprinciple,thehardwareandsoftwaretogetherorganically,makingthesystemabletocorrectlytime,whilethedigitalcontroltocorrectlydisplaythetime.Switchingtodowiththekeyboardoutput,byspeakersfromtips.Atthesametimethesystemcanbeachieved:theanswerin,theonlyanswerinbeforethestartoftheeffective,ifstartedbeforetheResponderRespondtobeinvalid;answerinalimitedtimeandanswerthequestionsoftimecanbesetin1-99s;candisplayisaneffectiveanswerinwhichplayersandInvalidanswerinthecorrectbuttonpromptafterthemusic;answerintimeandthetimecountdowndisplaytoanswerquestions,theexpirationtimeafterthesystemautomaticallyresetandmasterresetandothermandatoryfeatures.Keywords:Responder;MCU;Multifunction安徽工程大学机电学院毕业设计（论文）III目录引言.........................................................................................................................................1第一章绪论..........................................................................................................................21.1课题方向及背景..............................................................................................................21.2课题内容概述....................................................................................................................3第2章抢答器系统概述........................................................................................................42.1系统主要功能....................................................................................................................42.2系统工作流程....................................................................................................................52.3器件选型方案及详细清单................................................................................................72.3.1主控芯片AT89C51...................................................................................................72.3.2元器件清单..............................................................................................................10第3章硬件设计...................................................................................................................113.1总体电路的设计..............................................................................................................113.2时钟频率电路的设计......................................................................................................123.3复位电路的设计..............................................................................................................133.4显示电路的设计..............................................................................................................153.5发声电路..........................................................................................................................163.6键盘扫描电路的设计......................................................................................................163.6.1抢答按键电路........................................................................................................173.6.2控制按键电路........................................................................................................18第4章软件设计................................................................................................................204.1软件任务分析................................................................