宾语补足语

宾语补足语五种简单句的基本句型：1.主语+谓语(vi.)2.主语+谓语(vt.)+宾语3.主语+谓语(vt.)+间接宾语(sb.)+直接宾语(sth.)4.主语+谓语(vt.)+宾语+宾语补足语5.主语+系动词+表语a.Pleasepassmesomewater.b.Hismainjobistakingcareofthechildren.c.Thesunrisesintheeastandsetsinthewest.d.Wemanagedtoputthefireoutintime.e.Wemadehimourmonitor.14253me和water没有主谓关系him和ourmonitor有主谓关系:即Heisourmonitor.简单句中也可加入定语、状语、补语，使句子意义更加完整。宾语补足语可以由这九类来承担：n./adj./adv./介词短语/v.原型/ing/v-ed/todo/tobe1.Wechosehimourmonitor.2.Wemustmakeourclassroomclean.3.Hefoundthelighton.4.Thefiremengotthefireundercontrol.5.Theteacherlethimstandout.6.Didyouhearsomeonesinging?7.Theparentsmaketheirchildreneducated.8.Thedoctoradvisedmetohavearest.9.Weallconsiderhimtobeahero.todo做宾补表示宾语要去做的动作，能用todo做宾补的v.有：(即v.+sb.+todo)ask,want,wish(无hope),tell,order,warn,advise(无suggest),allow(无agree),invite,permit,forbid,expect,beg,force,encourage,send,teach,train,remind,require(无demand),wouldlike,wouldprefer等等.Iwishyoutohaveagoodtrip.Iwouldpreferyoutostayforthedinner.以下几个词常用ing做宾补，不能用todo:catchsb.doing：抓住某人正在….mindsb.doing:介意某人做某事imaginesb.doing:想象某人做某事leavesb./sth.doing:使得/留下某人….keepsb./sth.doing:使得某人….Thepolicemancaughtthethiefstealing.Heleftthelightburning.I’msorrytohavekeptyouwaiting.注意：leave/keep也可用done做宾补，表示状态或被动Heleftthehomeworkunfinished.Wekeepthedoorclosed.感官动词see,notice,hear,listento,watch,feel,smell,find,observe等｛+sb./sth.+do表示动作全过程doing表动作正进行done表示被动动作Ihearthemsingasong.Ihearthemsingingasong.Ihearasongsung.注意：ing和ed也可表状态，此时类似于adj.的作用Ifindthematchexciting.Ifindthestudentsexctied.使役动词的用法：1.letsb./sth.dosth.无被动2.makesb./sth.dosth.使某人做某事，sb.bemadetodomakesb./sth.done使某人被……3.havesb./sth.dosth.使某人做某事(无被动)havesb./sth.doingsth.使某人一直做（动作一直进行）havesb./sth.done使某人被…或表示“遭遇不幸”4.getsb.todosth.使某人做某事getsb./sth.done使某人被…1.Theforeignercan’tmakehimselfunderstood.2.Ihavemybicyclerepaired.3.Ihavemylegbroken.4.Hehadthetaxiwaitingforhim.5.Willyougethimtojoinus?6.Theworkersgotalltheworkdone.7.Whowillyouhavefinishthetask?解题要点：首先要知道动词后是跟todo还是ing，ed,或是原型。其次要知道他们做宾补的区别：todo做宾补常表示要去做的动作。ing做宾补常表示正在进行的或是延续的动作ed做宾补常表示被动的动作。v.原型做宾补常表示动作全过程（跟在感官v.后）此外，ing和ed做宾补还可以表示宾语的状态，此时类似于adj.最后根据题目的语境认真分析，选出语法和释义都合理的最佳选项。宾语补足语专练答案1—5BABB6—10CBCAB11—15CACB/DA16—20BDCCB21—25BA/BABA26—30BACCC31—35ACBB36—40CDDDB41—45CCBBA46—50ADCA51—54CCBA