搜索
定语从句高考点例析LastweekIboughtabook.ItisveryinterestingLastweekIboughtabookanditisveryinteresting.Thebook(that/which)Iboughtlastweekisveryinteresting.LastweekIboughtabook,whichisveryinteresting.限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句关系代词关系副词结构：先行词+关系代词/副词+从句关系代词：whom,who,that,which,asWhose:是who,which的所有格，指“谁的”，“某物的”关系副词：Where,when,why,therelativepronounsreferringtofunctionintheclausewhichthatwhowhomwhosethingsubject/objectthingsubject/objectpersonpersonsubject/objectpersonobjectpersonthingattributiverelativeadverbsreferringtofunctionintheclausewherewhenwhyplaceadverbialtimeadverbialreasonadverbialThesameas/such…as/as…as非限制性定语从句分隔定语从句一般来说，定语从句总是紧跟着它所修饰的先行词的，但是有时候定语从句与先行词之间被其它成分分隔开来，这种定语从句叫做分隔定语从句。DoyourememberoneafternoontenyearsagowhenIcametoyourhouseandborrowedanecklaceofyours?Thebossofthecompany,whosenamewasMr.Little,toldthestory.Haveatry指出关系代词（副词）在定语从句中的成份：1.ThemanwhocametoourschoolisMr.Wang.()2.Thegirl(whom)ImetisLucy.()3.AchildwhoseparentsaredeadiscalledTom.()4.Ilikethebook(which)youboughtyesterday.()Haveatry5.Hisparentswouldn’tlethimmarryanyonewhosefamilywaspoor.6.Ilikethepersontowhomyoujusttalked.7.Weshallneverforgetthedays(that)wespenttogether.8.Weshallneverthedayswhenwelivedtogether.考点一：that和which以下情况，引导词用that，不用which。1.先行词为不定代词everything，little，much，all，anything，nothing。e.g.Finally,thethiefhandedeverythingthathehadstolen.2.先行词被all,any,no,little,much,some,every修饰时３.先行词前有形容词最高级、序数词修饰时，用that。e.g.Thisisthebestbook(that)I’veeverread.考点一：that和which４.先行词被theonly，thevery，thelast修饰时，用that。.Theonlythingthatwecoulddowas(to)wait.Youcantakeanyseatthatisfree.That'stheverywordthatiswronglyused.Thisisoneofthepresentsthatmyboyfriendgavemeonmybirthday.５.先行词同时指人和指物时，用that。e.g.Wetalkedaboutthethingsandpersonsthatwesawthen.６、被修饰词为数词时。YesterdayIcaughttwofishandtheminabasinofwater.Nowyoucanseethetwothatarestillalive.７、如有两个从句，其中一个关系代词已which，另一个关系代词则宜用that，以避免语言的单调或重复。８、主句是Therebe结构，修饰其主语的定语从句宜用that作关系代词。There'sstillaseatinthecornerthatisstillfree.９、定语从句中缺表语时，该关系代词宜用that。Heisnotthepersonthathewastenyearsago.Ex.1.Thebook____________youlenttomeisveryinteresting.2.Tomisthestudent______handwritingisthebestinourclass.3.Istheman_________talkedtoyoujustnowMrWang?4.Iliveintheroomthedoorof_____iswhite.5.I`llneverforgetthedays_____________Ispentinthecountry.6.Iwillneverthedays______Istudiedwithyou.(that/which)whosewho/thatwhich(which/that)when8.Canyoutellmethereason______youwerelateforclassthismorning?9.Isthisthefactory__________youvisitedlastweek?10.Isthisthefactory________________youworkedlastyear?11.Isthisfactory_________youvisitedlastweek?12.Chinaisnolongerthecountry_______itusedtobe.13.All______shouldbedonehasbeendone.why(which/that)where/inwhichtheonethatthat13.Idon`tliketheway_____________hesmiles.14.Thisisthereason_______________youexplaintome.15.Thisisthefirsttime_________IhavebeeninBeijing.16.I,________yourbestfriend,shouldhelpyou.17.Jimistheonlyoneofthestudents____________passedtheexam.(that/inwhich)(that/which)(that)whoamwhohas先行词被thesame/such/so修饰时，关系代词as引导1.Ihaveneverseensuchalazymanashe.2.Ihavethesamebookasyouboughtlastweek.3.Heisofaboutthesameageasyou.4.ThisisthesamebookasIlost.thatIlost.1.Asateacher,Ihavenevergivemystudentssodifficultaproblem_______theycan`tworkout.2.Asateacher,Ihavenevergivemystudentssuchdifficultproblems________theycan`tworkout._______theycan`tworkthemout.asasthat考点二：连接词which的用法Which引导非限定性定语从句，其先行词可是一个词,也可是整个主句或主句的某一部分。e.g.1.Sheheardaterriblenoise,______broughtherheartintohermouth.A.itB.whichC.thisD.that2.Theweatherturnedouttobegood,___wasmorethanwecouldexpect.A.whatB.whichC.thatD.it五、关系代词as和whichas和which所代表的都是整个句子所表示的内容。有两点不同之处：１、在形式上as引导的非限制定语从句可位于主句后面，也可位于主句之前；而which引导的非限制定语从句只能位于主句之后，不能位于主句的前面。２、在意义上，as定语从句和主句的关系一般为一致关系，常译为“正......”，“就象.....”，而which定语从句和主句的关系是因果关系，或which从句是对主句的评论。(因此，在意思通顺的情况下，which可代替as，而as许多时候不能代替which。)Hewaslateagain,as/whichwehadexpected.=Aswehadexpected,hewaslateagain.考点五：as与which引导的定语从句两者均可引导非限制性定语从句，有时可以互换，但下列情况多用as。1.关系代词引导的定语从句居句首时。e.g.Asweallknow,theearthisround.2.当与such或thesame连用时，一般用as。e.g.Suchbooksasyoutellmeareinteresting.Ihavethesameplanasyou.GoonPlease!3.当从句和主句语义一致时，用as，反之则用which。e.g.Shehasmarriedagain,aswasexpected.Shehasmarriedagain,whichwasunexpected.Goonplease!4.as在从句中作主语时，后面常接行为动词的被动语态，如beknown，besaid，bereported／announced/等，#如从句中行为动词是含有复宾结构，一般要用which作主语。e.g.Shehasbeenlateagain,aswasexpected#Tomhasmadegreatprogress,whichmadeushappy..Itmadeus…anditmade…考点三：介词+关系代词****“of+which/whom”可用来限定名词、代词、分数词、数词等。e.g.1.Inthedarkstreet,therewasn’tasingleperson____________shecouldturnforhelp.A.thatB.whoC.fromwhomD.towhom2.Hepaidtheboy$10forwashingthewindows,mostof________hadn’tbeencleanedforatleastayear.A.theseB.thoseC.thatD.which关系代词前介词的确定1.根据从句中动词与先行词的逻辑关系，请体会：e.g.Isthatthenewspaperforwhichyouoftenwritearticles?2.根据从句中动词或形容词的习惯搭配，如：e.g.CanyouexplaintomehowtousethesemachinesaboutwhichI’msure.3.根据先行词与介词的搭配习惯，请体会：e.g.1988wastheyearinwhichshewasborn.关系代词前介词的确定4.非限制性定语从句中，要表示先行词的一部分时，可用“数词/代词+of+关系代词”的结构，如：e.g.Thereare50studentsinourclass,two-thirdsofwhomhavebeentoBeijing.Ihavetwofriends,bothofwh