专题二单项填空语态、语气、倒装、省略、词序、主谓一致疑难档案……………………………………………(3)考点预测…………………………………………(10)返回目录疑难档案1.一些只能作不及物动词的动词和短语动词没有被动形式,如remain,rise,happen,occur,takeplace,exist,appear,breakout(爆发)以及作连系动词用的taste,smell,feel,seem等。Fewhousesremainedaftertheearthquake.(不说Fewhouseswereremainedaftertheearthquake.)DoeslifeexistonMars?(不说IslifeexistedonMars?)Themeattastesgood.(不说Themeatistastedgood.)Thewarbrokeout.(不说Thewarwasbrokenout.)Thecarappearedinthedistance.(不说Thecarwasappearedin语态、语气、倒装、省略、词序、主谓一致返回目录疑难档案thedistance.)TheceremonytookplaceonThursday.(不说TheceremonywastakenplaceonThursday.)Silkfeelssmooth.(不说Silkisfeltsmooth.)2.notuntil置于句首引起部分倒装。Notuntileleveno’clockdidhegotobed.直到11点他才睡觉。但notuntil引起的部分被“Itis…that”强调时,后面的句子不倒装:Itwasnotuntiltherainstoppedthatwesetoffforthestation.语态、语气、倒装、省略、词序、主谓一致返回目录疑难档案3.虚拟条件句省略连词if时引起的倒装(省略if后,将be动词或助动词提前)。WereIyou,Ishouldn’tdothat.(=IfIwereyou,Ishouldn’tdothat.)如果我是你,我就不会那样做。Wereitnottorain,wewouldgoforanoutingtomorrow.要是明天不下雨,我们会出去游玩。Haditnotbeenforyou,wewouldnothavedoneitsowell.要不是你,我们不会做得这么好。4.不定式作介词but,except,besides的宾语,且介词之前有行为语态、语气、倒装、省略、词序、主谓一致返回目录疑难档案动词do或它的其他形式时,不定式符号to被省略。Shedidnothingbutcomplainthewholetimeshewashere.她在这儿时一个劲地抱怨没完。Whatdoyouliketodobesidesswim?除了游泳,你还喜欢干什么?5.不定式短语作表语,不定式符号to常常要保留,但如果前面含有动词do或do的其他形式时,作表语的不定式可以保留也可以省略不定式符号to。Thegreatesthappinessistoworkforthehappinessofall.语态、语气、倒装、省略、词序、主谓一致返回目录疑难档案最大的幸福就是为大家的幸福而工作。TheonlythingIcandonowis(to)goonbymyself.我现在能做的只有靠自己继续进行下去。6.当主语是表示时间、金钱、距离、重量等的复数名词时,可根据意义一致的原则,将其视为一个整体,谓语用单数形式。Fifteenmilesseemslikealongwalktome.走15英里在我看来是一段很长的路程。Twentypoundsisnotmuchforallthetroublewehave.用20英镑来解决我们所有的麻烦事儿可不算多。语态、语气、倒装、省略、词序、主谓一致返回目录疑难档案7.有些词既可代替单数或不可数名词,也可代替复数名词,它们在句中作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式还是用复数形式应根据它们所替代的是哪类名词而定。这类词有some,most,half,all,therest,以及分数词、百分数等。Some(Most/Half/All)ofthismoneyishis.部分(大部分/一半/所有的)钱是他的。Therestofthebutterwaskeptforbreakfast.其余的黄油留了下来早餐时吃。Threefourthsofitssurfaceoftheearthissea.语态、语气、倒装、省略、词序、主谓一致返回目录疑难档案地球表面有四分之三为海洋。8.“the+形容词”(表某一类人)和“the+表国籍的形容词”(表某国公民)在句中作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式。Theold/Thesickaretakengoodcareof.老年人/病人受到了很好的照顾。Thepoorneedmorehelpfromthegovernment.穷人需要得到政府更多的帮助。语态、语气、倒装、省略、词序、主谓一致返回目录考点预测1.Itisbelievedthatsocietywould________verydifferentifmoreofitsmemberslivedtobemorethan100.A.befeltB.feelC.havefeltD.havebeenfelt【解析】句中feel为连系动词,后接形容词different作表语。feel作连系动词时可表示两类意思:1)主语给人某种感觉,如Thewaterfeelscold.2)主语本人的感觉,如Ifeelcold.B【答案】2.Takeregularvacations.________thebreakfromwork,butjusttheactofplanningandlookingforwardtothevacationwillimprove语态、语气、倒装、省略、词序、主谓一致返回目录考点预测yourstateofmind.A.NotonlywillyouenjoyB.NotonlyyouwillenjoyC.WillyounotonlyenjoyD.Willnotonlyyouenjoy【解析】notonly…but(also)连接两个句子,如notonly置于句首,引起主谓部分倒装。A【答案】4.AlthoughitwasthesameofficeMary________intoforaninterviewtwoweeksbefore,onthatmorningitlookedquitedifferent.A.wasshownB.showedC.hadbeenshownD.hadshown语态、语气、倒装、省略、词序、主谓一致返回目录考点预测【解析】“Maryhadbeenshownintoforaninterviewtwoweeksbefore”为定语从句,修饰thesameoffice。此处用被动语态,因为其基本表达形式为“showsb.into…(领某人进入……)”;根据“twoweeksbefore”可确定用过去完成时。C【答案】6.WhenIgottotheairport,Ilearntthattheplane,onwhichmybrotherwastraveling,hadbeendelayedatParisand________tobeanhourlate.A.expectedB.wasexpectedC.hadexpectedD.hadbeenexpected语态、语气、倒装、省略、词序、主谓一致返回目录考点预测【解析】宾语从句中wasexpected与主句谓语learnt之间在时间上的关系为“Ilearntthattheplane…wasexpectedtobeanhourlate.”,learnt与wasexpected同时。B【答案】17.—Youforgotyourpursewhenyouwentout.—Goodheavens,________.A.sodidIB.soIdidC.IdidsoD.sowereyou语态、语气、倒装、省略、词序、主谓一致【解析】so后接倒装语序(sodidI)意思是“我也是那样”;so后接陈述语序(soIdid)意思是“我的确如此”。根据句意,应采用“soI返回目录考点预测20.Myfamily________wonderful.Theydoalltheycanforme.Idon’tknowanyotherfamily________woulddosomuch.A.is;whichB.are;whoC.is;theyD.are;theydid”形式。全句意思为“天哪,我真的忘了带钱包。”B【答案】语态、语气、倒装、省略、词序、主谓一致【解析】本题考查主谓一致。family是一个集合名词,这类名词如侧重“成员”(members)这一概念时,作主语时谓语动词用复数形式。在第二个句子中我们可看出相应的人称代词为they,其后的返回目录考点预测定语从句的关系代词也相应用who,这都是将family作为“家庭成员”看待。B【答案】21.Notuntilhegottohisoffice________thathiswallethadbeenstolen.A.didhefindB.thathefoundC.hehadfoundD.whenhefound语态、语气、倒装、省略、词序、主谓一致【解析】Notuntil置于句首时,主句的主谓应部分倒装。这种句式应区别于“Itis…that”强调句型,如该句也可用强调句型来加返回目录考点预测强语气:Itwasnotuntilhegottohisofficethathefoundhiswallethadbeenstolen.A【答案】23.IwishBillwoulddriveustothestation,buthehas________totakeusall.A.toosmallacarB.atoosmallcarC.sosmallacarD.acarsosmall语态、语气、倒装、省略、词序、主谓一致【解析】本题考查词序。当程度副词too修饰的形容词带有“a+单数名词”时,其词序为“too+形容词+a+单数名词”。又如:Sheis返回目录考点预测tooshyagirltospeakinpublic.选项C的词序也是成立的,但本句根据语境应用“too…to”结构。A【答案】24.—There’salecturethisafternoon.Wouldyouliketogo?—I’llgoifI’ve________.A.muchnothingonB.nothingmuchonC.nothingonmuchD.muchonnothing语态、语气、倒装、省略、词序、主谓一致【解析】本题考查词序。“havenothingmuchon”表示“没有多少事儿”。much为形容词作后置定语修饰不定代词nothing;副词on在这里表示“有某种活动”,也是作后置定语修饰nothing。又如:I返回目录考点预测havenothingspecialontonight.今晚我没有什么特别的安排。B【答案】26.Wedidn’tknowhistelephonenumber;otherwisewe______him.A.mighttelephoneB.musthavetelephonedC.wouldtelephoneD.wouldhavetelephoned语态、语气、倒装、省略、词序、主谓一致【解析】本题考查虚拟语气的用法。otherwise意为“否则;要不然”,常与虚拟语气结合使用。本句是表对过去的假设,故用“would+have+过去分词”形式。D【答案】返回目录祝您高考成功!Onceinaphysicsexamination,Nickfinishedthefirstquestionverysoon,whilehisclassmateswere